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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §19.1.36.pr

Vendor's Duty of Custody and Stipulation for Damage

Passage 2802 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This section discusses the obligation of the seller of a house to enter into a protective stipulation against prospective damage as part of his duty of custody and diligence before delivering possession.

[PAULUS libro septimo ad Plautium. ] §19.1.36.prUenditor domus antequam eam tradat, damni infecti stipulationem interponere debet, quia, antequam uacuam possessionem tradat, custodiam et diligentiam praestare debet et pars est custodiae diligentiaeque hanc interponere stipulationem: et ideo si id neglexerit, tenebitur emptori.
[PAULUS, On Plautius, Book VII.] The seller of a house, before he delivers it, ought to enter into a stipulation against prospective damage, because, before he delivers vacant possession, he is obliged to provide custody and diligence, and to enter into this stipulation is part of custody and diligence; and therefore, if he neglects to do so, he will be liable to the buyer.

Notes

  1. §19.1.36.prdamni infecti — Refers to damage that has not yet occurred but is threatened (damnum infectum), such as by the collapse of a neighboring building. Entering into a protective stipulation against such potential damage is held to be part of the seller's duty of custody before delivery.
  2. §19.1.36.pruacuam possessionem — Literally 'vacant possession,' referring not just to physical delivery but to the transfer of possession (vacua possessio) free from any claims, leasehold rights, or interference by third parties.
  3. §19.1.36.prpars est custodiae diligentiaeque hanc interponere stipulationem — The infinitive phrase 'hanc interponere stipulationem' functions as the subject, with 'pars' as the predicate nominative, modified by the genitives 'custodiae diligentiaeque'. It translates to 'to enter into this stipulation is part of custody and diligence.'

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §19.1.36.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:19.1.36.pr

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