Humanitext Reader

Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §19.1.10.pr

Concurrence of Actions and Obligations through Succession

Passage 2773 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Discusses the handling of cases where two contractual actions or obligations concerning the same thing concur in the same person due to succession by a buyer or a seller.

[ULPIANUS libro quadragesimo sexto ad Sabinum. ] §19.1.10.prNon est nouum, ut duae obligationes in eiusdem persona de eadem re concurrant: cum enim is qui uenditorem obligatum habebat ei qui eundem uenditorem obligatum habebat heres exstiterit, constat duas esse actiones in eiusdem persona concurrentes, propriam et hereditariam, et debere heredem institutum, si uelit separatim duarum actionum commodo uti, ante aditam hereditatem proprium uenditorem conuenire, deinde adita hereditate hereditarium: quod si prius adierit hereditatem, unam quidem actionem mouere potest, sed ita, ut per eam utriusque contractus sentiat commodum.
[ULPIANUS, on Sabinus, Book 46] It is nothing new for two obligations to concur in the same person concerning the same thing: for when someone who held a seller obligated becomes the heir to another who held the same seller obligated, it is established that there are two concurrent actions in the same person, his own and the inherited one, and that the appointed heir, if he wishes to enjoy the benefit of the two actions separately, must sue his own seller before accepting the inheritance, and then, after accepting the inheritance, sue the inherited one; but if he accepts the inheritance first, he can indeed bring only one action, but in such a way that through it he realizes the benefit of both contracts.
ex contrario quoque si uenditor uenditori heres exstiterit, palam est duas euictiones eum praestare debere.
Conversely, also, if a seller becomes the heir to a seller, it is clear that he must guarantee two warranties against eviction.

Notes

  1. 19.1.10.prdebere heredem institutum ... conuenire — An accusative-with-infinitive (AcI) clause depending on the main verb constat ('it is established'). The subject accusative of debere ('must') is heredem institutum ('the appointed heir'), and the infinitive governed by debere is conuenire ('to sue'). Thus, the structure is 'and [it is established] that the appointed heir... must sue.'
  2. 19.1.10.prante aditam hereditatem — The preposition ante ('before') governs the accusative noun hereditatem modified by the perfect passive participle aditam. This is an example of the dominant participle construction (like 'ab urbe condita'), expressing the verbal noun meaning 'before the acceptance of the inheritance.'

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §19.1.10.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:19.1.10.pr

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.