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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §18.1.66.pr-18.1.66.2

Seller Warranties in Land Sales and Concealment of Servitudes

Passage 2654 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

This section discusses the scope of implied and express warranties in land sales (including servitudes), the seller's liability for keeping silent about the existence of a servitude, and a redundant expression regarding the exclusion of movables in contracts.

[POMPONIUS libro trigensimo primo ad Quintum Mucium. ] §18.1.66.prIn uendendo fundo quaedam etiam si non dicantur, praestanda sunt, ueluti ne fundus euincatur aut usus fructus eius, quaedam ita demum, si dicta sint, ueluti uiam iter actum aquae ductum praestatu iri: idem et in seruitutibus urbanorum praediorum.
[POMPONIUS, Commentary on Quintus Mucius, Book XXXI] In selling land, certain things must be guaranteed even if they are not mentioned, for example, that the land or its usufruct is not evicted; other things only if they have been mentioned, for example, that a pathway, a driving way, a road, or a water duct will be provided; the same applies to the servitudes of urban estates.
§18.1.66.1Si cum seruitus uenditis praediis deberetur nec commemorauerit uenditor, sed sciens esse reticuerit et ob id per ignorantiam rei emptor non utendo per statutum tempus eam seruitutem amiserit, quidam recte putant uenditorem teneri ex empto ob dolum.
If, when a servitude was owed to the estates sold, the seller did not mention it, but kept silent knowing that it existed, and because of this the buyer, through ignorance of the fact, lost that servitude by non-use within the statutory time, some rightly think that the seller is held liable on the purchase on account of fraud.
§18.1.66.2Quintus Mucius scribit, qui scripsit 'ruta caesa quaeque aedium fundiue non sunt', bis idem scriptum: nam ruta caesa ea sunt quae neque aedium neque fundi sunt.
Quintus Mucius writes that he who wrote "things dug up and cut down, and whatever does not belong to the buildings or the land," wrote the same thing twice; for "things dug up and cut down" are those which belong neither to the buildings nor to the land.

Notes

  1. §18.1.66.prpraestatu iri — An variant form of the future passive infinitive praestatum iri (either through the loss of final -m or archaic accusative formation), forming an accusative-with-infinitive construction with uiam, iter, actum, and aquae ductum as its subject.
  2. §18.1.66.1uenditis praediis deberetur — uenditis praediis is a dative governed by the verb deberetur, meaning "was owed to the sold estates". This indicates that the sold estates were the dominant tenement of the servitude.
  3. §18.1.66.2ruta caesa quaeque aedium fundiue non sunt — quaeque stands for et quae ("and those which"). aedium fundiue are genitives of possession. Since ruta caesa (things dug up and cut down, i.e., movables severed from the land) are inherently "things that do not belong to the buildings or the land," listing both is pointed out as redundant (bis idem scriptum).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §18.1.66.pr-18.1.66.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:18.1.66.pr-18.1.66.2

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