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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §17.2.3.pr-17.2.3.3

Scope of Partnership Goods and Voidness from Bad Faith

Passage 2505 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The text discusses the treatment of claims in a partnership and the scope of acquisitions in a partnership of all goods. It also explains the interpretation of agreements regarding specific inheritances and the invalidity of partnerships contracted with malicious intent.

[PAULUS libro trigesimo secundo ad edictum. ] §17.2.3.prEa uero, quae in nominibus erunt, manent in suo statu: sed actiones inuicem praestare debent.
[PAULUS in his thirty-second book on the Edict] However, those things which consist in claims remain in their own status; but they must mutually cede their actions.
§17.2.3.1Cum specialiter omnium bonorum societas coita est, tunc et hereditas et legatum et quod donatum est aut quaqua ratione adquisitum communioni adquiretur.
When a partnership of all goods is specifically contracted, then both inheritance and legacy, and what is given as a gift or acquired by any other means, shall be acquired for the common stock.
§17.2.3.2De illo quaeritur, si ita sit coita societas, ut, si qua iusta hereditas alterutri obuenerit, communis sit, quae sit iusta hereditas, utrum quae iure legitimo obuenit an etiam ea quae testamento? et probabilius est ad legitimam hereditatem tantum hoc pertinere.
Regarding this, a question is raised: if a partnership has been contracted in such a way that, if any lawful inheritance should fall to either party, it should be common, what is a lawful inheritance? Is it that which falls by statutory law, or also that which falls by a will? And it is more probable that this pertains only to statutory inheritance.
§17.2.3.3Societas si dolo malo aut fraudandi causa coita sit, ipso iure nullius momenti est, quia fides bona contraria est fraudi et dolo.
If a partnership is contracted with malicious intent or for the purpose of fraud, it is of no effect by operation of law, because good faith is contrary to fraud and malicious intent.

Notes

  1. §17.2.3.practiones inuicem praestare debent — The subject of 'debent' is not explicitly stated but refers to the partners ('socii') from the context. 'praestare' means that they are obliged to make actions ('actiones') mutually available (by cession or mandate) to each other regarding the claims ('nomina') held under individual names.
  2. §17.2.3.2De illo quaeritur, si... quae sit... — Against the main clause 'De illo quaeritur', the conditional clause 'si ita sit coita societas...' is inserted, while the actual question being asked is presented in the indirect question clause 'quae sit iusta hereditas...' (what is a lawful inheritance). It contrasts 'iure legitimo' (by statutory law, i.e., intestate succession) with 'testamento' (by a will).
  3. §17.2.3.3nullius momenti est — The genitive 'nullius momenti' is a genitive of quality used predicatively to mean 'is of no force' or 'is null and void'. Together with 'ipso iure' (by operation of law), it indicates the inherent invalidity of a partnership contracted with malicious intent.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §17.2.3.pr-17.2.3.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:17.2.3.pr-17.2.3.3

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