Humanitext Reader

Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §17.1.27.pr-17.1.27.5

Duties of the Mandatary, Expenses, and Action Cession

Passage 2467 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Various legal points on mandate are explained, including promises to release debtors, conditional slave manumission, the mandatary's duties of performance and notification, termination upon the mandatary's death, reimbursement of proper expenses, and the transfer of actions to the mandator.

[GAIUS libro nono ad edictum prouinciale. ] §17.1.27.prSi quis alicui scripserit, ut debitorem suum liberet, seque eam pecuniam, quam is debuerit, soluturum, mandati actione tenetur.
[GAIUS in the ninth book on the Provincial Edict.] If someone writes to another to release his debtor, and that he will pay the money which that debtor owed, he is held by the action of mandate.
§17.1.27.1Si seruum ea lege tibi tradidero, ut eum post mortem meam manumitteres, constitit obligatio: potest autem et in mea quoque persona agendi causa interuenire, ueluti si paenitentia acta seruum reciperare uelim.
If I deliver a slave to you on the condition that you manumit him after my death, an obligation is established; however, a cause of action can also arise in my own person, as for example if, having changed my mind, I should wish to recover the slave.
§17.1.27.2Qui mandatum suscepit, si potest id explere, deserere promissum officium non debet, alioquin quanti mandatoris intersit damnabitur: si uero intellegit explere se id officium non posse, id ipsum cum primum poterit debet mandatori nuntiare, ut is si uelit alterius opera utatur: quod si, cum possit nuntiare, cessauerit, quanti mandatoris intersit tenebitur: si aliqua ex causa non poterit nuntiare, securus erit.
He who has undertaken a mandate, if he can execute it, ought not to abandon the promised office; otherwise, he will be condemned in the amount of the mandator's interest. But if he realizes that he cannot execute that office, he must notify the mandator of this very fact as soon as possible, so that the latter may, if he wishes, employ another's services. If, however, when he could have notified him, he failed to do so, he will be held for the amount of the mandator's interest; if for some reason he was unable to notify him, he will be secure.
§17.1.27.3Morte quoque eius cui mandatum est, si is integro adhuc mandato decesserit, soluitur mandatum et ob id heres eius, licet exsecutus fuerit mandatum, non habet mandati actionem.
A mandate is also dissolved by the death of the person to whom it was mandated, if he dies while the mandate is still unperformed; and for this reason his heir, even if he has executed the mandate, does not have the action of mandate.
§17.1.27.4Impendia mandati exsequendi gratia facta si bona fide facta sunt, restitui omnimodo debent, nec ad rem pertinet, quod is qui mandasset potuisset, si ipse negotium gereret, minus impendere.
Expenses incurred for the purpose of executing a mandate, if they were incurred in good faith, must be restored in any event; and it is of no relevance that the person who gave the mandate could have expended less if he had managed the business himself.
§17.1.27.5Si mandatu meo Titio credideris et mecum mandati egeris, non aliter condemnari debeo, quam si actiones tuas, quas aduersus Titium habes, mihi praestiteris.
If by my mandate you have lent money to Titius and bring an action of mandate against me, I ought not to be condemned otherwise than if you surrender to me your actions which you have against Titius.
sed si cum Titio egeris, ego quidem non liberabor, sed in id dumtaxat tibi obligatus ero, quod a Titio seruare non potueris.
But if you sue Titius, I indeed shall not be released, but I shall be obligated to you only for that which you could not recover from Titius.

Notes

  1. §17.1.27.prseque eam pecuniam, quam is debuerit, soluturum — The future infinitive soluturum [esse] forms an accusative with infinitive construction dependent on scripserit. It stands in parallel with the ut clause to express the content of the written promise. se is a reflexive pronoun referring to the subject of the main clause (quis).
  2. §17.1.27.1paenitentia acta — Ablative absolute consisting of the noun paenitentia (repentance, change of mind) and the perfect passive participle acta (from agere) in the feminine ablative singular. It denotes cause, meaning "repentance having occurred" or "by reason of a change of mind."
  3. §17.1.27.4quod is qui mandasset potuisset... minus impendere — The quod clause serves as the subject clause (noun clause) for nec ad rem pertinet. The verb potuisset inside this clause is in the pluperfect subjunctive, indicating a past counterfactual result, paired with the conditional clause si ipse negotium gereret (imperfect subjunctive, denoting a continuous counterfactual state in the past).
  4. §17.1.27.5non aliter... quam si — A restrictive conditional construction meaning "not otherwise than if" or "only if." It combines non aliter (not in another way) with quam si (than if).

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §17.1.27.pr-17.1.27.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:17.1.27.pr-17.1.27.5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.