[ULPIANUS libro trigensimo primo ad edictum. ] §17.1.12.prSi uero non remunerandi causa, sed principaliter donando fideiussori remisit actionem, mandati eum non acturum.
[ULPIANUS libro trigensimo primo ad edictum.] But if he released the action to the guarantor not for the sake of rewarding him, but principally by way of donation, [Marcellus says] that he will not bring an action on mandate.
cellus §17.1.12.1autem fatetur, si quis donaturus fideiussori pro eo soluerit creditori, habere fideiussorem mandati actionem.
However, [he] admits that if someone, intending to make a donation to the guarantor, pays the creditor on his behalf, the guarantor has an action on mandate.
§17.1.12.2Plane, inquit, si filius familias uel seruus fuit fideiussor et pro his soluero donaturus eis, mandati patrem uel dominum non acturos, hoc ideo, quia non patri donatum uoluit.
Clearly, he says, if a son-in-power or a slave was the guarantor, and I pay on their behalf intending to make a donation to them, the father or the master will not bring an action on mandate; this is because he did not wish a donation to be made to the father.
§17.1.12.3Plane si seruus fideiussor soluerit, dominum mandati acturum idem Marcellus ibidem ait.
Clearly, if a slave who is a guarantor has paid, the same Marcellus says in the same place that the master will bring an action on mandate.
§17.1.12.4Si filius familias non iussu patris fideiusserit, cessat mandati actio, si nihil sit in peculio: quod si iussu, uel ex peculio solutum est, multo magis habet pater mandati.
If a son-in-power becomes a guarantor without the order of his father, the action on mandate does not lie if there is nothing in his peculium; but if it was by order, or if payment was made from the peculium, the father has all the more an action on mandate.
§17.1.12.5Si filio familias mandaui, ut pro me solueret, patrem, siue ipse soluerit siue filius ex peculio, mandati acturum Neratius ait, quod habet rationem: nihil enim mea interest, quis soluat.
If I commission a son-in-power to pay on my behalf, Neratius says that the father will bring an action on mandate, whether the father himself pays or the son pays from the peculium; this is reasonable, for it makes no difference to me who pays.
§17.1.12.6Si filio familias mandauero, ut pro me solueret, et emancipatus soluat, uerum est in factum actionem filio dandam, patrem autem post emancipationem soluentem negotiorum gestorum actionem habere.
If I commission a son-in-power to pay on my behalf, and he pays after being emancipated, it is true that an action on the case (in factum) should be given to the son, whereas a father who pays after the emancipation has an action for unauthorized agency (negotiorum gestorum).
§17.1.12.7Contrario iudicio experiuntur qui mandatum susceperunt, ut puta qui rerum uel rei unius procurationem susceperunt.
Those who have undertaken a mandate, for instance, those who have undertaken the administration of all affairs or of a single matter, sue by means of the contrary action.
§17.1.12.8Inde Papinianus quaerit, si patronus praedium quod emerat, pro quo pretii bessem exsoluerat, iusserit liberto suo tradi, ut ille residuum pretii redderet, deinde reddito pretio uendenti fundum patrono libertus consenserit, trientis pretium an libertus possit repetere.
Hence Papinian asks: if a patron ordered a tract of land which he had bought, and for which he had paid two-thirds of the price, to be delivered to his freedman so that the latter might pay the remainder of the price, and then, after the price had been paid to the seller, the freedman agreed to the land being returned to the patron, can the freedman recover the one-third of the price?
et ait, si mandatum suscepit initio libertus, non donatum accepit, contrario iudicio posse eum pretium repetere, quod deductis mercedibus, quas medio tempore percepit, superest: quod si donationem patronus in libertum contulit, uideri et postea libertum patrono donasse.
And he says that if the freedman undertook a mandate at the beginning, and did not receive a donation, he can recover by the contrary action the price which remains after deducting the rents he received in the meantime; but if the patron conferred a donation on the freedman, it appears that the freedman subsequently made a donation to the patron.
§17.1.12.9Si mihi mandaueris, ut rem tibi aliquam emam, egoque emero meo pretio, habebo mandati actionem de pretio reciperando: sed et si tuo pretio, impendero tamen aliquid bona fide ad emptionem rei, erit contraria mandati actio: aut si rem emptam nolis recipere: simili modo et si quid aliud mandaueris et in id sumptum fecero.
If you commission me to buy some thing for you, and I buy it with my own money, I shall have an action on mandate to recover the price; but even if it was with your money, if I nevertheless spend something in good faith for the purchase of the thing, there will be a contrary action on mandate; or if you are unwilling to receive the thing bought; and likewise if you commission anything else and I incur expense on it.
nec tantum id quod impendi, uerum usuras quoque consequar.
And I shall obtain not only what I spent, but also interest.
usuras autem non tantum ex mora esse admittendas, uerum iudicem aestimare debere, si exegit a debitore suo quis et soluit, cum uberrimas usuras consequeretur, aequissimum enim erit rationem eius rei haberi: aut si ipse mutuatus grauibus usuris soluit.
However, interest is not to be allowed only on account of default, but the judge ought to estimate it, if someone collected money from his own debtor and paid it, when he was obtaining very high interest, for it will be most equitable that account be taken of this matter; or if he himself borrowed and paid at heavy interest.
sed et si reum usuris non releuauit, ipsi autem et usurae absunt, uel si minoribus releuauit, ipse autem maioribus faenus accepit, ut fidem suam liberaret, non dubito debere eum mandati iudicio et usuras consequi.
But even if he did not relieve the principal debtor of interest, yet he himself is deprived of interest, or if he relieved him of lesser interest, while he himself took a loan at higher interest in order to discharge his credit, I have no doubt that he ought to obtain interest also in the action on mandate.
et (ut est constitutum) totum hoc ex aequo et bono iudex arbitrabitur.
And (as has been established) the judge will decide all this according to equity and good conscience.