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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §17.1.1.pr-17.1.1.4

Formation of Mandate Based on Consent and Gratuitousness

Passage 2440 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The passage discusses the formation of the contract of mandate, stating that it is based on consent, can be contracted through messengers or letters, and is essentially gratuitous.

[PAULUS libro trigensimo secundo ad edictum. ] §17.1.1.prObligatio mandati consensu contrahentium consistit.
[PAULUS in the thirty-second book on the Edict.] The obligation of mandate is established by the consent of the contracting parties.
§17.1.1.1Ideo per nuntium quoque uel per epistulam mandatum suscipi potest.
Therefore, a mandate can also be undertaken through a messenger or by a letter.
§17.1.1.2Item siue 'rogo' siue 'uolo' siue 'mando' siue alio quocumque uerbo scripserit, mandati actio est.
Likewise, whether one has written "I request," "I wish," "I commission," or by any other word, there is an action of mandate.
§17.1.1.3Item mandatum et in diem differri et sub condicione contrahi potest.
Likewise, a mandate can both be deferred to a certain day and be contracted under a condition.
§17.1.1.4Mandatum nisi gratuitum nullum est: nam originem ex officio atque amicitia trahit, contrarium ergo est officio merces: interueniente enim pecunia res ad locationem et conductionem potius respicit.
A mandate is null unless it is gratuitous; for it derives its origin from duty and friendship; therefore, a reward is contrary to duty; for when money intervenes, the matter rather relates to letting and hiring.

Notes

  1. 17.1.1.2scripserit — Third-person singular future perfect indicative. Contextually, the subject refers to the person making the mandate (the mandator), though grammatically it functions as an indefinite subject ("if one has written") in the conditional clause.
  2. 17.1.1.4gratuitum — Neuter singular nominative adjective, functioning predicatively to modify the subject `Mandatum`. It functions in an elliptical conditional clause, representing `nisi gratuitum [sit]` (unless it is gratuitous).
  3. 17.1.1.4interueniente enim pecunia — An ablative absolute construction consisting of the noun `pecunia` and the present participle `interueniente`, expressing a condition or cause ("if/since money intervenes").

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §17.1.1.pr-17.1.1.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:17.1.1.pr-17.1.1.4

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