[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo nono ad edictum. ] §15.1.7.prQuam Tuberonis sententiam et ipse Celsus probat.
[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo nono ad edictum.] Celsus himself also approves this opinion of Tubero.
§15.1.7.1Et adicit pupillum uel furiosum constituere quidem peculium seruo non posse: uerum ante constitutum, id est ante furorem uel a patre pupilli, non adimetur ex his causis.
And he adds that a ward or a madman indeed cannot establish a peculium for a slave; but what has been previously established, that is, before the madness or by the father of the ward, will not be taken away for these reasons.
quae sententia uera est et congruit cum eo, quod Marcellus apud Iulianum notans adicit 'posse fieri, ut apud alterum ex dominis seruus peculium habeat, apud alterum non, ut puta si alter ex dominis furiosus sit uel pupillus, si (ut quidam, inquit, putant) peculium seruus habere non potest nisi concedente domino.
This opinion is correct and agrees with what Marcellus, noting on Julian, adds: "It can happen that a slave has a peculium with one of his masters, but not with the other, as for instance if one of the masters is a madman or a ward, if (as he says some think) a slave cannot have a peculium except with the consent of his master.
ego autem puto non esse opus concedi peculium a domino seruum habere, sed non adimi, ut habeat'. alia causa est peculii liberae administrationis: nam haec specialiter concedenda est.
I, however, think that there is no need for the peculium to be granted by the master for the slave to have it, but only that it not be taken away, so that he may have it." The case of the free administration of a peculium is different; for this must be specifically granted.
§15.1.7.2Scire autem non utique singulas res debet, sed παχγμερέστερον, et in hanc sententiam Pomponius inclinat.
Moreover, he does not necessarily need to know every single item, but only in a general way (παχγμερέστερον); and Pomponius inclines toward this opinion.
§15.1.7.3Pupillum autem tam filium quam seruum peculium habere posse Pedius libro quinto decimo scribit, cum in hoc, inquit, totum ex domini constitutione pendeat.
Moreover, Pedius writes in his fifteenth book that a ward's son as well as slave can have a peculium, since, as he says, in this matter everything depends on the establishment by the master.
ergo et si furere coeperit seruus uel filius, retinebunt peculium.
Therefore, even if a slave or a son begins to be mad, they will retain their peculium.
In peculio autem res esse possunt omnes et mobiles et soli: uicarios quoque in peculium potest habere et uicariorum peculium: hoc amplius et nomina debitorum.
Moreover, all things, both movable and of the soil, can be in a peculium; a slave can also have sub-slaves in his peculium, and the peculium of those sub-slaves; and furthermore, even the claims of debtors.
§15.1.7.5Sed et si quid furti actione seruo deberetur uel alia actione, in peculium computabitur: hereditas quoque et legatum, ut Labeo ait.
Moreover, if anything should be due to a slave by an action for theft or by any other action, it will be computed in his peculium; and also an inheritance and a legacy, as Labeo says.
§15.1.7.6Sed et id quod dominus sibi debet in peculium habebit, si forte in domini rationem impendit et dominus ei debitor manere uoluit aut si debitorem eius dominus conuenit.
Moreover, he will also have in his peculium what his master owes to him, if, for instance, he spent money for the master's account and the master wished to remain a debtor to him, or if the master sued his debtor.
quare si forte ex serui emptione euictionis nomine duplum dominus exegit, in peculium serui erit conuersum, nisi forte dominus eo proposito fuit, ut nollet hoc esse in peculium serui.
Therefore, if for instance the master, on account of eviction from a purchase made by the slave, has exacted double, it will be converted into the slave's peculium, unless the master happened to have the intention of not wanting this to be in the slave's peculium.
§15.1.7.7Sed et si quid ei conseruus debet, erit peculii, si modo ille habeat peculium uel prout habebit.
Moreover, if a fellow slave owes him anything, it will belong to his peculium, provided that the former has a peculium, or to the extent that he has it.