Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §14.3.19.pr-14.3.19.3

Borrowing by Agents and Analogous Institorian Actions

Passage 2218 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Papinian discusses the existence and scope of a master's civil liability (such as institorian or analogous actions) regarding an agent's borrowing, business continuation after a slave's manumission, a son's loan guaranteed by his father, and debt assumption by a slave appointed for a limited purpose.

[PAPINIANUS libro tertio responsorum. ] §14.3.19.prIn eum, qui mutuis accipiendis pecuniis procuratorem praeposuit, utilis ad exemplum institoriae dabitur actio: quod aeque faciendum erit et si procurator soluendo sit, qui stipulanti pecuniam promisit.

[PAPINIANUS, from the third book of Replies.] Against one who has appointed an agent to receive loans of money, an analogous action after the pattern of the institorian action will be granted; which must likewise be done even if the agent, who promised the money to the stipulator, is solvent.

§14.3.19.1Si dominus, qui seruum institorem apud mensam pecuniis accipiendis habuit, post libertatem quoque datam idem per libertum negotium exercuit, uarietate status non mutabitur periculi causa.

If a master, who had a slave as a manager at a bank for receiving money, carried on the same business through the freedman even after freedom had been granted, the basis of the liability will not be changed by the variation of status.

§14.3.19.2Tabernae praepositus a patre filius mercium causa mutuam pecuniam accepit: pro eo pater fideiussit: etiam institoria ab eo petetur, cum acceptae pecuniae speciem fideiubendo negotio tabernae miscuerit.

A son appointed over a shop by his father received borrowed money for the sake of merchandise; the father stood surety for him; the institorian action will also be brought against him, since by standing surety he mixed the character of the received money with the business of the shop.

§14.3.19.3Seruus pecuniis tantum faenerandis praepositus per intercessionem aes alienum suscipiens ut institorem dominum in solidum iure praetorio non adstringit: quod autem pro eo, qui pecuniam faenerauit, per delegationem alii promisit, a domino recte petetur, cui pecuniae creditae eum qui delegauit actio quaesita est.

A slave appointed only for lending money, who contracts a debt through intercession, does not bind his master for the whole amount under praetorian law as a manager; but what he promised to another by delegation on behalf of him who lent the money will be rightly claimed from the master, to whom the action for the loaned money against him who delegated has been acquired.

Notes

14.3.19.prmutuis accipiendis pecuniis — A gerundive construction where the gerundive accipiendis agrees with the noun pecuniis, functioning as a dative of purpose ('for receiving loans of money').
14.3.19.prsoluendo sit — The dative of the gerund soluendo is used with the verb sum (here sit) in the idiomatic expression 'soluendo esse', meaning 'to be solvent'.
14.3.19.3cui pecuniae creditae eum qui delegauit actio quaesita est — The relative pronoun cui refers back to the master (dominus). The core structure is 'actio quaesita est' (the action has been acquired), with 'pecuniae creditae' as a genitive qualifying 'actio' ('action for the loaned money'). The accusative 'eum qui delegauit' indicates the target of the action, with the preposition 'in' being omitted (virtually equivalent to 'in eum qui delegauit').

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §14.3.19.pr-14.3.19.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:14.3.19.pr-14.3.19.3

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