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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §13.5.30.pr

Promise to Pay Alternatively and Protection by Exception

Passage 2113 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

It explains that when a promise to pay is made to two alternative persons (either 'to you' or 'to Titius'), although strict law keeps the debtor bound even after paying Titius, the debtor is protected by an exception.

[IDEM libro secundo sententiarum. ] §13.5.30.prSi quis duobus pecuniam constituerit tibi aut Titio, etsi stricto iure propria actione pecuniae constitutae manet obligatus, etiamsi Titio soluerit, tamen per exceptionem adiuuatur.
[THE SAME, from the second book of Opinions.] If anyone has promised to pay money to two persons, namely, to you or to Titius, although under strict law he remains bound by the specific action for promised money, even if he has paid Titius, he is nevertheless assisted by an exception.

Notes

  1. 13.5.30.prduobus ... tibi aut Titio — The dative phrases `tibi aut Titio` ('to you or to Titius') stand in apposition to `duobus` ('to two'), specifying the alternative payees to whom the debtor made the promise.
  2. 13.5.30.prpropria actione pecuniae constitutae — `actione` is an ablative of instrument or cause, modified by the adjective `propria`. `pecuniae constitutae` is an objective genitive depending on `actione`, representing the specific action brought for promised money.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §13.5.30.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:13.5.30.pr

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