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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §13.3.1.pr-13.3.1.1

Scope of the Triticarian Condictio for Non-Cash Property

Passage 2070 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

Ulpian discusses the application of the action for a certain sum of cash versus the triticarian condictio for other property types, and explains the exceptional cases where one may claim their own property through this action.

[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo septimo ad edictum. ] §13.3.1.prQui certam pecuniam numeratam petit, illa actione utitur 'si certum petetur': qui autem alias res, per triticiariam condictionem petet.
[ULPIANUS, On the Edict, Book XXVII] He who claims a certain sum of numbered cash uses that action 'if a certain sum is claimed'; but he who claims other things will claim them through the triticarian condictio.
et generaliter dicendum est eas res per hanc actionem peti, si quae sint praeter pecuniam nueratam, siue in pondere siue in mensura constent, siue mobiles sint siue soli quare fundum quoque per hanc actionem petimus et si uectigalis sit siue ius stipulatus quis sit, ueluti usum fructum uel seruitutem utrorumque praediorum.
And generally it must be said that those things are claimed through this action, if there be any besides numbered cash, whether they consist in weight or in measure, whether they are movable or of the soil; wherefore we also claim land through this action, even if it be subject to tax, or if someone has stipulated for a right, such as a usufruct or a servitude of either kind of estate.
§13.3.1.1Rem autem suam per hanc actionem nemo petet, nisi ex causis ex quibus potest, ueluti ex causa furtiua uel ui mobili abrepta.
But no one shall claim his own property through this action, except on the grounds from which it is possible, as for instance on the ground of theft or of a movable property taken by force.

Notes

  1. 13.3.1.prsi certum petetur — Meaning 'if a certain sum is claimed', this is the customary name of the action (condictio certi) derived from the conditional wording of the formula.
  2. 13.3.1.prutrorumque praediorum — The 'either kind of estate' refers to both 'rustic estates' (praedia rustica) and 'urban estates' (praedia urbana) under Roman law classification.
  3. 13.3.1.1rem autem suam — While a condictio (personal action) is properly used when the defendant is under an obligation to give to the plaintiff, and one's own property should be claimed by a real action (rei vindicatio), exceptions like theft (condictio ex causa furtiva) allowed claiming one's own property through this action.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §13.3.1.pr-13.3.1.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:13.3.1.pr-13.3.1.1

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