[PAULUS libro septimo decimo ad Plautium. ] §12.6.65.prIn summa, ut generaliter de repetitione tractemus, sciendum est dari aut ob transactionem aut ob causam aut propter condicionem aut ob rem aut indebitum: in quibus omnibus quaeritur de repetitione.
[PAULUS, in his seventeenth book on Plautius.] In short, to treat generally of recovery, it must be known that something is given either for a transaction, or for a cause, or on account of a condition, or for a purpose, or as not due: in all of these, the question of recovery is raised.
§12.6.65.1Et quidem quod transactionis nomine datur, licet res nulla media fuerit, non repetitur: nam si lis fuit, hoc ipsum, quod a lite disceditur, causa uidetur esse.
And indeed, what is given under the name of a transaction, even though there was no intervening dispute, is not recovered; for if there was a lawsuit, this very fact that the lawsuit is departed from is deemed to be the cause.
sin autem euidens calumnia detegitur et transactio imperfecta est, repetitio dabitur.
But if evident chicane is uncovered and the transaction is incomplete, recovery will be granted.
§12.6.65.2Id quoque, quod ob causam datur, puta quod negotia mea adiuta ab eo putaui, licet non sit factum, quia donari uolui, quamuis falso mihi persuaserim, repeti non posse.
That too which is given for a cause, for example, because I thought my business was assisted by him, even though this was not done, cannot be recovered, because I wished to make a gift, although I falsely persuaded myself.
§12.6.65.3Sed agere per condictionem propter condicionem legati uel hereditatis, siue non sit mihi legatum siue ademptum legatum, possum, ut repetam quod dedi, quoniam non contrahendi animo dederim, quia causa, propter quam dedi, non est secuta.
But I can sue by condictio on account of a condition of a legacy or inheritance, whether the legacy is not mine or has been revoked, in order to recover what I gave, since I did not give with the intention of contracting, because the cause for which I gave did not follow.
idem et si hereditatem adire nolui uel non potui.
The same holds if I was unwilling or unable to enter upon the inheritance.
non idem potest dici, si seruus meus sub condicione heres institutus sit et ego dedero, deinde manumissus adierit: nam hoc casu secuta res est.
The same cannot be said if my slave was instituted heir under a condition and I gave, and then, having been manumitted, he entered upon the inheritance: for in this case the purpose followed.
§12.6.65.4Quod ob rem datur, ex bono et aequo habet repetitionem: ueluti si dem tibi, ut aliquid facias, nec feceris.
What is given for a purpose carries a recovery based on equity and goodness: for instance, if I give to you that you may do something, and you do not do it.
§12.6.65.5Ei, qui indebitum repetit, et fructus et partus restitui debet deducta impensa.
To him who recovers what was not due, both the fruits and the offspring must be restored, after deducting expenses.
§12.6.65.6In frumento indebito soluto et bonitas est et, si consumpsit frumentum, pretium repetet.
In the case of corn paid when not due, its quality also is in question, and if he has consumed the corn, he will recover its value.
§12.6.65.7Sic habitatione data pecuniam condicam, non quidem quanti locari potuit, sed quanti tu conducturus fuisses.
Likewise, if habitation has been given, I shall sue by condictio for money, not indeed for how much it could have been let, but for how much you would have rented it.
§12.6.65.8Si seruum indebitum tibi dedi eumque manumisisti, si sciens hoc fecisti, teneberis ad pretium eius, si nesciens, non teneberis, sed propter operas eius liberti et ut hereditatem eius restituas.
If I gave you a slave who was not due and you manumitted him, if you did this knowingly, you will be liable for his price; if unknowingly, you will not be liable, except for the services of that freedman and to restore his inheritance.
§12.6.65.9Indebitum est non tantum, quod omnino non debetur, sed et quod alii debetur, si alii soluatur, aut si id quod alius debebat alius quasi ipse debeat soluat.
A thing is not due, not only when it is not owed at all, but also when what is owed to one person is paid to another, or if what one person owed, another pays as if he himself owed it.