[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo sexto ad edictum. ] §12.1.9.prCerti condictio competit ex omni causa, ex omni obligatione, ex qua certum petitur, siue ex certo contractu petatur siue ex incerto: licet enim nobis ex omni contractu certum condicere, dummodo praesens sit obligatio: ceterum si in diem sit uel sub condicione obligatio, ante diem uel condicionem non potero agere.
[ULPIANUS, On the Edict, book 26] The action for a certain thing lies from every cause and every obligation from which a certain thing is claimed, whether it is claimed from a certain contract or from an uncertain one: for we are permitted to bring a condictio for a certain thing from every contract, provided that the obligation is presently existing; but if the obligation is subject to a future day or under a condition, I will not be able to sue before the day or the condition.
§12.1.9.1Competit haec actio etiam ex legati causa et ex lege Aquilia.
This action lies also in the case of a legacy and under the Lex Aquilia.
sed et ex causa furtiua per hanc actionem condicitur.
Moreover, a condictio is brought through this action also from a cause of theft.
sed et si ex senatus consulto agetur, competit haec actio, ueluti si is cui fiduciaria hereditas restituta est agere uolet.
And even if an action is brought on the basis of a senate-consult, this action lies, for example, if one to whom a fiduciary inheritance has been restored wishes to sue.
§12.1.9.2Siue autem suo nomine quis obligatus sit siue alieno, per hanc actionem recte conuenitur.
Whether a person is obligated in his own name or in another's, he is rightly sued by this action.
§12.1.9.3Quoniam igitur ex omnibus contractibus haec certi condictio competit, siue re fuerit contractus factus siue uerbis siue coniunctim, referendae sunt nobis quaedam species, quae dignum habent tractatum, an haec actio ad petitionem eorum sufficiat.
Since, therefore, this action for a certain thing lies on all contracts, whether the contract was made by performance, or by words, or by both combined, we must refer to certain cases which are worthy of discussion, as to whether this action is sufficient for their claim.
§12.1.9.4Numeraui tibi decem et haec alii stipulatus sum: nulla est stipulatio: an condicere decem per hanc actionem possim, quasi duobus contractibus interuenientibus, uno qui re factus est, id est numeratione, alio qui uerbis, id est inutiliter, quoniam alii stipulari non potui? et puto posse.
I have counted out ten to you and stipulated for them to be given to another: the stipulation is void: can I bring a condictio for the ten through this action, as if two contracts had intervened, one made by performance, that is, the counting out, the other by words, that is, uselessly, since I could not stipulate for another? And I think that I can.
§12.1.9.5Idem erit, si a pupillo fuero sine tutoris auctoritate stipulatus, cui tutore auctore credidi: nam et tunc manebit mihi condictio ex numeratione.
The same will hold if I have stipulated from a ward without his tutor's authority, to whom I lent money with his tutor's authority; for in that case also, the condictio based on the counting out will remain to me.
§12.1.9.6Item quaeri potest et si, quod tibi numeraui, sub impossibili condicione stipuler: cum enim nulla sit stipulatio, manebit condictio.
Likewise, a question can be raised if I stipulate for what I have counted out to you under an impossible condition: for since the stipulation is void, the condictio will remain.
§12.1.9.7Sed et si ei numerauero, cui postea bonis interdictum est, mox ab eo stipuler, puto pupillo eum conparandum, quoniam et stipulando sibi adquirit.
But even if I have counted out money to one who was afterwards interdicted from his property, and soon after stipulate from him, I think he should be compared to a ward, since he also acquires for himself by stipulating.
§12.1.9.8Si nummos meos tuo nomine dedero uelut tuos absente te et ignorante, Aristo scribit adquiri tibi condictionem: Iulianus quoque de hoc interrogatus libro decimo scribit ueram esse Aristonis sententiam nec dubitari, quin, si meam pecuniam tuo nomine uoluntate tua dedero, tibi adquiritur obligatio, cum cottidie credituri pecuniam mutuam ab alio poscamus, ut nostro nomine creditor numeret futuro debitori nostro.
If I give my coins in your name, as if they were yours, while you are absent and ignorant of it, Aristo writes that the condictio is acquired for you; Julian also, when asked about this, writes in his tenth book that Aristo's opinion is true, and that there is no doubt that, if I give my money in your name with your consent, the obligation is acquired for you, since we daily, intending to lend, ask another for money so that the creditor may count it out in our name to our future debtor.
§12.1.9.9Deposui apud te decem, postea permisi tibi uti: Nerua Proculus etiam antequam moueantur, condicere quasi mutua tibi haec posse aiunt, et est uerum, ut et Marcello uidetur: animo enim coepit possidere.
I deposited ten with you, and afterwards I permitted you to use them: Nerva and Proculus say that even before they are moved, these can be sued for from you by condictio as if they were a loan, and this is true, as is also the view of Marcellus; for he began to possess by intention.
ergo transit periculum ad eum, qui mutuam rogauit et poterit ei condici.
Therefore, the risk passes to him who asked for the loan, and a condictio can be brought against him.