[ULPIANUS libro uicensimo quinto ad edictum. ] §11.7.12.prSi quis sepulchrum habeat, uiam autem ad sepulchrum non habeat et a uicino ire prohibeatur, imperator Antoninus cum patre rescripsit iter ad sepulchrum peti precario et concedi solere, ut quotiens non debetur, impetretur ab eo, qui fundum adiunctum habeat.
[ULPIAN in the twenty-fifth book on the Edict.] If anyone has a tomb but does not have a right of way to the tomb and is prohibited by his neighbor from passing, the Emperor Antoninus with his father wrote in a rescript that a right of way to a tomb is customarily requested precariously and granted, so that whenever it is not owed, it may be obtained from the person who has the adjoining land.
non tamen hoc rescriptum, quod impetrandi dat facultatem, etiam actionem ciuilem inducit, sed extra ordinem interpelletur praeses et iam compellere debet iusto pretio iter ei praestari, ita tamen, ut iudex etiam de opportunitate loci prospiciat, ne uicinus magnum patiatur detrimentum.
However, this rescript, although it gives the faculty of obtaining it, does not also introduce a civil action, but the governor should be approached in an extraordinary proceeding, and he must now compel that the right of way be provided to him for a fair price, provided, however, that the judge also looks to the suitability of the place, lest the neighbor suffer a great disadvantage.
§11.7.12.1Senatus consulto cauetur, ne usus sepulchrorum permutationibus polluatur, id est ne sepulchrum aliae conuersationis usum accipiat.
It is provided by a decree of the Senate that the use of tombs should not be defiled by exchanges, that is, that a tomb should not receive the use of another occupation.
§11.7.12.2Praetor ait: 'Quod funeris causa sumptus factus erit, eius reciperandi nomine in eum, ad quem ea res pertinet, iudicium dabo. ' §11.7.12.3Hoc edictum iusta ex causa propositum est, ut qui funerauit persequatur id quod impendit: sic enim fieri, ne insepulta corpora iacerent neue quis de alieno funeretur.
The Praetor says: "For whatever expense has been incurred for the sake of a funeral, I will grant an action under the name of recovering it against him to whom that matter pertains." This edict was proposed for a just cause, so that he who performed the funeral may recover what he spent; for it is so arranged lest unburied bodies lie around or anyone be buried at another's expense.
§11.7.12.4Funus autem eum facere oportet, quem decedens elegit: sed si non ille fecit, nullam esse huius rei poenam, nisi aliquid pro hoc emolumentum ei relictum est: tunc enim, si non paruerit uoluntati defuncti, ab hoc repellitur.
Now, it is proper that he whom the deceased chose should perform the funeral; but if he did not do so, there is no penalty for this matter, unless some benefit was left to him for this purpose: for then, if he does not comply with the will of the deceased, he is barred from this benefit.
sin autem de hac re defunctus non cauit, nec ulli delegatum id munus est, scriptos heredes ea res contingit: si nemo scriptus est, legitimos uel cognatos: quosque suo ordine quo succedunt.
But if the deceased did not provide concerning this matter, nor was this duty delegated to anyone, the matter concerns the appointed heirs; if no one is appointed, the statutory heirs or cognates, and each in their own order in which they succeed.
§11.7.12.5Sumptus funeris arbitrantur pro facultatibus uel dignitate defuncti.
The expenses of a funeral are estimated according to the means or the dignity of the deceased.
§11.7.12.6Praetor uel magistratus municipalis ad funus sumptum decernere debet, si quidem est pecunia in hereditate, ex pecunia: si non est, distrahere debet ea, quae tempore peritura sunt, quorum retentio onerat hereditatem: si minus, si quid auri argentique fuerit, distrahi aut pignerari iubebit, ut pecunia expediatur:
The Praetor or the municipal magistrate must decree the expense for the funeral; indeed, if there is money in the inheritance, from the money; if there is not, he must sell those things which are perishable over time, the retention of which burdens the inheritance; if there is less, if there is any gold and silver, he will order it to be sold or pledged so that money may be raised.