[ULPIANUS libro primo de officio proconsulis. ] §1.16.6.prSolent etiam custodiarum cognitionem mandare legatis, scilicet ut praeauditas custodias ad se remittant, ut innocentem ipse liberet.
[ULPIAN, from the first book of his On the Office of Proconsul.] They are also accustomed to delegate the examination of prisoners to their deputies, namely, so that they may send back the pre-examined prisoners to them, in order that he himself may release the innocent.
sed hoc genus mandati extraordinarium est: nec enim potest quis gladii potestatem sibi datam uel cuius alterius coercitionis ad alium transferre, nec liberandi igitur reos ius, cum accusari apud eum non possint.
But this kind of delegation is extraordinary: for no one can transfer to another the power of the sword given to him, or that of any other coercion, nor therefore the right of releasing the accused, since they cannot be accused before him [the deputy].
§1.16.6.1Sicut autem mandare iurisdictionem uel non mandare est in arbitrio proconsulis, ita adimere mandatam iurisdictionem licet quidem proconsuli, non autem debet inconsulto principe hoc facere.
Just as, however, delegating jurisdiction or not delegating it is in the discretion of the proconsul, so indeed the proconsul is permitted to revoke the delegated jurisdiction, but he ought not to do this without consulting the emperor.
§1.16.6.2Legatos non oportet principem consulere, sed proconsulem suum, et is ad consultationes legatorum debebit respondere.
It is not fitting for deputies to consult the emperor, but rather their own proconsul, and he must respond to the consultations of the deputies.
§1.16.6.3Non uero in totum xeniis abstinere debebit proconsul, sed modum adicere, ut neque morose in totum abstineat neque auare modum xeniorum excedat.
The proconsul indeed ought not to abstain entirely from guest-gifts, but to apply a limit, so that he neither unsociably abstains entirely, nor greedily exceeds the limit of guest-gifts.
quam rem diuus Seuerus et imperator Antoninus elegantissime epistula sunt moderati, cuius epistulae uerba haec sunt: 'quantum ad xenia pertinet, audi quid sentimus: uetus prouerbium est: οὔτε πάντα οὔτε πάντοτε οὔτε παρὰ πάντων.
Which matter the deified Severus and the Emperor Antoninus regulated most elegantly in a letter, the words of which letter are as follows: 'As far as guest-gifts are concerned, hear what we think: the old proverb is: οὔτε πάντα οὔτε πάντοτε οὔτε παρὰ πάντων.
nam ualde inhumanum est a nemine accipere, sed passim uilissimum est et omnia auarissimum. ' et quod mandatis continetur, ne donum uel munus ipse proconsul uel qui in alio officio erit accipiat ematue quid nisi uictus cottidiani causa, ad xeniola non pertinet, sed ad ea quae edulium excedant usum.
For it is very uncivilized to accept from no one, but to accept indiscriminately is extremely cheap, and to accept everything is extremely greedy.' And what is contained in the instructions, that the proconsul himself or whoever else is in another office should not accept or buy anything as a gift or present except for the sake of daily sustenance, does not apply to small guest-gifts, but to those things which exceed the use of food.
sed nec xenia producenda sunt ad munerum qualitatem.
But neither should guest-gifts be extended to the quality of presents [proper].