§38ueteranis legionibus praedae nomine in pedites singulos super bina sestertia, quae initio ciuilis tumultus numerauerat, uicena quaterna milia nummum dedit.
To the veteran legions, in the name of plunder, he gave twenty-four thousand sesterces for each foot-soldier, in addition to the two thousand sesterces which he had paid at the beginning of the civil strife.
adsignauit et agros, sed non continuos, ne quis possessorum expelleretur.
He also assigned lands, but not contiguous ones, so that none of the owners should be expelled.
populo praeter frumenti denos modios ac totidem olei libras trecenos quoque nummos, quos pollicitus olim erat, uiritim diuisit et hoc amplius centenos pro mora.
To the people, besides ten modii of grain and as many pounds of oil, he distributed three hundred sesterces apiece, which he had formerly promised, and a hundred more than this on account of the delay.
annuam etiam habitationem Romae usque ad bina milia nummum, in Italia non ultra quingenos sestertios remisit.
He also remitted a year's rent in Rome up to two thousand sesterces, and in Italy not exceeding five hundred sesterces.
adiecit epulum ac uiscerationem et post Hispaniensem uictoriam duo prandia; nam cum prius parce neque pro liberalitate sua praebitum iudicaret, quinto post die aliud largissimum praebuit.
He added a banquet and a distribution of meat, and after his Spanish victory, two lunches; for judging that the first had been served sparingly and not in keeping with his generosity, he provided another, most lavish one, five days later.
§39edidit spectacula uarii generis: munus gladiatorium, ludos etiam regionatim urbe tota et quidem per omnium linguarum histriones, item circenses athletas naumachiam.
He exhibited spectacles of various kinds: a gladiatorial show, plays also by districts throughout the whole city and indeed performed by actors of all languages, likewise chariot races, athletes, and a mock sea-fight.
munere in foro depugnauit Furius Leptinus stirpe praetoria et Q. Calpenus senator quondam actorque causarum.
In the gladiatorial show, Furius Leptinus, of praetorian family, and Quintus Calpenus, formerly a senator and a pleader of causes, fought to the finish in the forum.
pyrricham saltauerunt Asiae Bithyniaeque principum liberi.
The sons of the princes of Asia and Bithynia danced the Pyrrhic dance.
ludis Decimus Laberius eques Romanus mimum suum egit donatusque quingentis sestertiis et anulo aureo sessum in quattuordecim e scaena per orchestram transiit.
At the plays, Decimus Laberius, a Roman knight, acted his own mime, and being presented with five hundred thousand sesterces and a gold ring, he passed from the stage through the orchestra to sit in the fourteen rows.
circensibus spatio circi ab utraque parte producto et in gyrum euripo addito quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios agitauerunt nobilissimi iuuenes.
At the chariot races, the space of the circus having been extended at both ends and a canal added around it, young men of the highest nobility drove four-horse and two-horse chariots, and rode vaulting horses.
Troiam lusit turma duplex maiorum minorumque puerorum.
A double squadron of older and younger boys performed the Trojan game.
uenationes editae per dies quinque ac nouissime pugna diuisa in duas acies, quingenis peditibus, elephantis uicenis, tricenis equitibus hinc et inde commissis.
Wild beast hunts were exhibited for five days, and finally a battle divided into two lines, with five hundred foot-soldiers, twenty elephants, and thirty horsemen engaged on each side.
nam quo laxius dimicaretur, sublatae metae inque earum locum bina castra exaduersum constituta erant.
For in order that they might fight with more room, the turning posts were removed and in their place two camps were pitched opposite each other.
athletae stadio ad tempus extructo regione Marti campi certauerunt per triduum.
Athletes competed for three days in a stadium temporarily erected in the region of the Campus Martius.
nauali proelio in minore Codeta defosso lacu biremes ac triremes quadriremesque Tyriae et Aegyptiae classis magno pugnatorum numero conflixerunt.
In the mock sea-fight, in a lake excavated in the Lesser Codeta, biremes, triremes, and quadriremes of the Tyrian and Egyptian fleets clashed with a great number of fighters.
ad quae omnia spectacula tantum undique confluxit hominum, ut plerique aduenae aut inter uicos aut inter uias tabernaculis positis manerent, ac saepe prae turba elisi exanimatique sint plurimi et in his duo senatores.
To all these spectacles so great a crowd of people flocked from all sides that many strangers had to lodge in tents pitched in the streets or byways, and very many were often crushed to death by the crowd, including two senators.
§40Conuersus hinc ad ordinandum rei publicae statum fastos correxit iam pridem uitio pontificum per intercalandi licentiam adeo turbatos, ut neque messium feriae aestate neque uindemiarum autumno conpeterent; annumque ad cursum solis accommodauit, ut trecentorum sexaginta quinque dierum esset et intercalario mense sublato unus dies quarto quoque anno intercalaretur.
Turning thence to regulating the state of the republic, he corrected the calendar, which had long since been so disordered by the negligence of the pontiffs through their license of intercalation, that neither the harvest festivals in summer nor the vintage festivals in autumn coincided; and he accommodated the year to the course of the sun, so that it should consist of three hundred and sixty-five days, and, the intercalary month being abolished, one day should be intercalated every fourth year.
quo autem magis in posterum ex Kalendis Ianuariis nouis temporum ratio congrueret, inter Nouembrem ac Decembrem mensem interiecit duos alios; fuitque is annus, quo haec constituebantur, quindecim mensium cum intercalario, qui ex consuetudine in eum annum inciderat.
Moreover, that the reckoning of time might more fitly agree for the future from the new Kalends of January, he inserted two other months between November and December; and that year in which these regulations were made was of fifteen months, including the intercalary month which had by custom fallen in that year.
§41senatum suppleuit, patricios adlegit, praetorum aedilium quaestorum, minorum etiam magistratuum numerum ampliauit; nudatos opere censorio aut sententia iudicum de ambitu condemnatos restituit.
He filled up the senate, chose new patricians, and increased the number of praetors, aediles, quaestors, and also minor magistrates; he restored those who had been deprived of office by the censors or condemned for bribery by the verdict of the judges.
comitia cum populo partitus est, ut exceptis consulatus conpetitoribus de cetero numero candidatorum pro parte dimidia quos populus uellet pronuntiarentur, pro parte altera quos ipse dedisset.
He shared the elections with the people, so that except for the competitors for the consulship, out of the remaining number of candidates, one half should be declared elected whom the people wished, and the other half whom he himself had named.
et edebat per libellos circum tribum missos scriptura breui: 'Caesar dictator illi tribui.
And he made these recommendations by means of short notes sent around to the tribes: 'Caesar the dictator to such-and-such a tribe.
commendo uobis illum et illum, ut uestro suffragio suam dignitatem teneant. ' admisit ad honores et proscriptorum liberos.
I commend to you this man and that, that by your vote they may hold their dignity.' He admitted also the children of those who had been proscribed to public offices.
iudicia ad duo genera iudicum redegit, equestris ordinis ac senatorii; tribunos aerarios, quod erat tertium, sustulit.
He reduced the jury service to two classes of judges, those of the equestrian and senatorial orders; he abolished the tribunes of the treasury, which was the third class.
Recensum populi nec more nec loco solito, sed uicatim per dominos insularum egit atque ex uiginti trecentisque milibus accipientium frumentum e publico ad centum quinquaginta retraxit; ac ne qui noui coetus recensionis causa moueri quandoque possent, instituit, quotannis in demortuorum locum ex iis, qui recensi non essent, subsortitio a praetore fieret.
He took the census of the people neither in the customary manner nor place, but street by street through the owners of the blocks of flats, and reduced the number of those receiving grain from the public stores from three hundred and twenty thousand to one hundred and fifty thousand; and lest any new gatherings could at any time be raised for the sake of the census, he ordained that every year the praetor should fill the places of those who had died by drawing lots from among those who had not been registered.