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Seneca the Younger · Agamemnon §831-926

Vision of Agamemnon's Murder and Orestes' Escape

Passage 10 of 11 · Latin

Summary

The chorus praises the remaining labors of Hercules and recalls his first sack of Troy. Cassandra vividly envisions and describes the murder of Agamemnon inside the palace, while Electra prepares to save Orestes.

§831cervaque Parrhasis, §832sensit Arcadii populator agri, §833gemuitque taurus Dictaea linquens §834horridus arva. §835morte fecundum domuit draconem §836vetuitque collo pereunte nasci, §837geminosque fratres §838pectore ex uno tria monstra natos §839stipite incusso fregit insultans, ' §840duxitque ad ortus Hesperium pecus, §841Geryonae spolium triformis. §842egit Threicium gregem, §843quem non Strymonii gramine fluminis §844Hebrive ripis pavit tyrannus: §845hospitum dirus stabulis cruorem §846praebuit saevis tinxitque crudos §847ultimus rictus sanguis aurigae, §848vidit Hippolyto ferox §849pectore e medio rapi §849bspolium, et sagittis §850nube percussa Stymphalis alto §851decidit caelo; §852arborque pomis fertilis aureis §853extimuit manus insueta carpi §854fugitque in auras leviore ramo. §855audivit sonitum crepitante lamna §856frigidus custos nescius somni, §857linqueret cum iam nemus omne fulvo §858plenus Alcides vacuum metallo. §859tractus ad caelum canis inferorum §860triplici catena tacuit nec ullo §861latravit ore, §862lucis ignotae metuens colorem. §862bte duce succidit §863mendax Dardanidae domus §864et sensit arcus iterum timendos; §865te duce concidit §866totidem diebus Troia quot annis. §867Res agitur intus magna, par annis decem. §868eheu quid hoc est? anime, consurge et cape §869pretium furoris: vicimus victi Phryges. §870bene est, resurgit Troia; traxisti iacens, §871parens, Mycenas, terga dat victor tuus! §872tam clara numquam providae mentis furor §873ostendit oculis: video et intersum et fruor: §874imago visus dubia non fallit meos: §875spectemus.
And the Parrhasian hind, and the ravager of the Arcadian land felt him, and the fierce bull, leaving the Dictaean fields, groaned. He subdued the dragon fertile with death and forbade it to be reborn as its neck perished, and the twin brothers born as three monsters from a single breast, he, mocking, crushed with his struck club, and led the Hesperian herd to the sunrise, as the spoil of the triform Geryon. He drove the Thracian herd, which the tyrant did not pasture on the grass of the Strymonian river or on the banks of Hebrus: direful, he offered the blood of guests to the savage stables, and the last blood of the charioteer dyed their raw jaws. Fierce, he saw from the very middle of Hippolyte's breast the spoil snatched away, and by his arrows, the cloud being struck, the Stymphalian bird from the high heaven fell; and the tree fertile with golden apples feared the hand unaccustomed to being plucked, and fled into the breezes with a lighter branch. The cold guardian, ignorant of sleep, heard the sound of rustling scales, when now Alcides, full with the yellow metal, was leaving the entire grove empty of metal. Dragged to the upper world by a triple chain, the dog of the underworld was silent, nor did he bark with any mouth, fearing the color of the unknown light. Under your leadership fell the lying house of Dardanus, and felt again the bows to be feared; under your leadership fell Troy in as many days as years. A great deed is being done within, equal to ten years. Alas, what is this? Rise up, my soul, and take the reward of your madness: we conquered, we vanquished Phrygians. It is well, Troy rises again; lying low, O father, you have dragged down Mycenae, your victor turns his back! Never did the madness of a prophetic mind show things so clearly to my eyes: I see, I am present, and I enjoy: no doubtful image of sight deceives mine: let us watch.
epulae regia instructae domo, §876quales fuerunt ultimae Phrygibus dapes, §877celebrantur: ostro lectus Iliaco nitet §878merumque in auro veteris Assaraci trahunt. §879en ipse picta veste sublimis iacet, §880Priami superbas corpore exuvias gerens. §881detrahere cultus uxor hostiles iubet, §882induere potius coniugis fidae manu §883textos amictus— horreo atque animo tremo: §884regemne perimet exul et adulter virum?
A banquet prepared in the royal house, such as was the last feast for the Phrygians, is celebrated: the couch shines with Iliac purple, and they draw unmixed wine in the gold of ancient Assaracus. Behold, he himself lies loftily in an embroidered robe, bearing on his body the proud spoils of Priam. The wife orders him to put off the hostile attire, and to put on instead the garment woven by the hand of a faithful wife— I shudder and tremble in my mind: shall an exile and adulterer slay a king and husband? The fates have come.
§885venere fata. sanguinem extremae dapes §886domini videbunt et cruor Baccho incidet. §887mortifera vinctum perfide tradit neci §888induta vestis: exitum manibus negant §889caputque laxi et invii claudunt sinus. §890haurit trementi semivir dextra latus, §891nec penitus egit: vulnere in medio stupet. §892at ille, ut altis hispidus silvis aper §893cum casse vinctus temptat egressus tamen §894artatque motu vincla et in cassum furit, §895cupit fluentes undique et caecos sinus §896dissicere et hostem quaerit implicitus suum. §897armat bipenni Tyndaris dextram furens, §898qualisque ad aras colla taurorum popa §899designat oculis antequam ferro petat, §900sic huc et illuc impiam librat manum. §901habet, peractum est.
The last feast will see the blood of the master, and gore will fall into the wine. The put-on garment, treacherous, hands him over bound to deadly death: they deny exit to his hands, and the loose, impassable folds enclose his head. The half-man drains his side with a trembling right hand, nor did he drive it deep: he stands amazed in the middle of the wound. But he, like a bristly boar in deep forests, when bound by the net, yet tries to escape, and tightens the bonds by his motion and rages in vain, desires to tear apart the flowing and blind folds everywhere, and, entangled, seeks his enemy. The daughter of Tyndareus, raging, arms her right hand with a two-edged axe, and just as the priest at the altars marks with his eyes the necks of bulls before he strikes with the iron, so she poises her impious hand this way and that. He has it, it is finished.
pendet exigua male §902caput amputatum parte et hinc trunco cruor §903exundat, illic ora cum fremitu iacent. §904nondum recedunt: ille iam exanimem petit §905laceratque corpus, illa fodientem adiuvat. §906uterque tanto scelere respondet suis: §907est hic Thy este gnatus, haec Helenae soror. §908stat ecce Titan dubius emerito die, §909suane currat an Thyestea via. §910Fuge, o paternae mortis auxilium unicum, §911fuge et scelestas hostium vita manus, §912eversa domus est funditus, regna occidunt, §913hospes quis iste concitos currus agit? §914germane, vultus veste furabor tuos. §915quid, anime demens, refugis? externos times?
The amputated head hangs miserably by a tiny part, and here from the trunk the blood overflows, there the face lies with a groan. They do not yet withdraw: he now attacks the lifeless body and tears it, and she assists him as he stabs. Each responds to their own lineage with such a crime: this is the son of Thyestes, that is the sister of Helen. Behold, Titan stands doubtful, his day's work done, whether to run his own or Thyestes' path. Flee, O sole help for your father's death, flee and escape the wicked hands of the enemies, the house is utterly overthrown, kingdoms fall, who is that stranger driving the swift chariot? Brother, I will hide your face with a garment. Why, mad soul, do you shrink back?
§916domus timenda est.
Do you fear strangers? The house is to be feared.
pone iam trepidos metus, §917Oresta: amici fida praesidia intuor. §918Phocide relicta Strophius Elea inclutus §919palma revertor.
Put away now your trembling fears, Orestes: I see the faithful protection of a friend. Having left Phocis, I, Strophius, renowned for the Elean palm, return.
causa veniendi fuit §920gratari amico, cuius impulsum manu §921cecidit decenni Marte concussum Ilium, §922quaenam ista lacrimis lugubrem vultum rigat
The cause of my coming was to congratulate my friend, by whose hand struck Ilium fell, shaken by a ten years' war, who is that woman watering her mournful face with tears and trembling in sadness?
§923pavetque maesta? regium agnosco genus. §924Electra, fletus causa quae laeta in domo est? §925Pater peremptus scelere materno iacet, §926comes paternae quaeritur natus neci,
I recognize the royal race. Electra, what is the cause of weeping in a joyful house? My father lies slain by maternal crime, and his son is sought as a companion to his father's death.

Notes

  1. §832sensit — The verb sensit governs both cervaque Parrhasis (the Parrhasian hind) and populator Arcadii agri (the ravager of the Arcadian land) as its subjects.
  2. §838geminosque fratres — geminos fratres (the twin brothers) and tria monstra (three monsters) are in apposition, referring to the triform Geryon. stipite incusso is an ablative of instrument.
  3. §853insueta carpi — insueta is a feminine nominative singular adjective modifying the subject arbor (the tree), and carpi is a passive infinitive ("to be plucked") complementing insueta.
  4. §888induta vestis — The subject is induta vestis (the put-on garment). It describes how the garment deprives Agamemnon's hands (manibus, dative) of an exit (exitum).
  5. §909suane currat an Thyestea via — The double indirect question suane ... an ... expresses the hesitation of the Sun (Titan) whether to run his own normal path or the reversed path of Thyestes.

Cite this passage

Seneca the Younger, Agamemnon §831-926. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi1017.phi007.humanitext-lat2:831-926

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