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Seneca the Younger · The Trojan Women §97-201

Lament of the Women and the Ghost of Achilles

Passage 2 of 13 · Latin

Summary

After Hecuba and the captive women mourn Hector and Priam, the messenger Talthybius arrives and relates a terrifying vision of Achilles' ghost rising from the earth to demand the sacrifice of Polyxena.

§97solitum flendi vincite morem: §98Hectora flemus.
Surpass the accustomed manner of weeping: we mourn Hector.
§99Solvimus omnes lacerum multo §100funere crinem; §101coma demissa est libera nodo §102sparsitque cinis fervidus ora.
We have all untied our hair, torn by much death; the locks hang down, free from their knots, and the warm ash has defiled our faces.
§104cadit ex umeris vestis apertis §105imumque tegit suffulta latus; §106iam nuda vocant pectora dextras: §107nunc, nunc viles exprome, dolor.
The garment falls from bared shoulders and covers the lower side, supported there; now bared breasts call for right hands: now, now, violent grief, exert your strength.
§108Rhoetea sonent litora planctus, §109habitantque cavis montibus Echo §110non, ut solita est, extrema brevis §111verba remittat, §112totos reddat Troiae gemitus: §113audiat omnis pontus et aether.
Let the Rhoetean shores resound with the blows of mourning, and let Echo, dwelling in hollow mountains, not, as she is accustomed, send back merely the last brief words, but return the whole groans of Troy: let all the sea and sky hear it.
§113bsaevite, manus, §114pulsu pectus tundite vasto, §115non sum solito contenta sono: §116Hectora flemus.
Rage, hands, beat your breasts with a mighty blow, I am not content with the accustomed sound: we mourn Hector.
§117HEC Tibi nostra ferit dextra lacertos §118umerosque ferit tibi sanguineos, §119tibi nostra caput dextera pulsat, §120tibi maternis ubera palmis §121laniata iacent: §122fluat et multo sanguine manet §122bquamcumque tuo §123funere feci rapta cicatrix.
[Hecuba] For you, our right hand beats our arms, and for you, it beats your bloody shoulders, for you, our right hand strikes our head, for you, the breasts torn by maternal palms lie beaten: let it flow and drip with much blood, whatever scar I have made, snatched and torn at your death.
§124columen patriae, mora fatorum, §125tu praesidium Phrygibus fessis, §126tu murus eras umerisque tuis §127stetit illa decem fulta per annos: §128tecum cecidit summusque dies §129Hectoris idem patriaeque fuit.
O pillar of the fatherland, delay of the fates, you, the protection for the weary Phrygians, you were a wall, and on your shoulders she stood supported through ten years: with you she fell, and the final day of Hector was the same as that of the fatherland.
§130Vertite planctus: Priamo vestros §131fundite fletus, satis Hector habet.
Turn your mourning: pour your tears for Priam, Hector has enough.
§132Accipe, rector Phrygiae, planctus, §133accipe fletus, bis capte senex, §134nil Troia semel te rege tulit, §135bis pulsari Dardana Graio §136moenia ferro §137bisque pharetras passa Herculeas.
Receive, ruler of Phrygia, the blows of mourning, receive the tears, old man twice captured: Troy once suffered nothing while you were king; you endured that the Dardanian walls were twice struck by Grecian steel and twice suffered the Herculean quivers.
§137bpost elatos §138Hecubae partus regumque gregem §139postrema pater funera cludis §140magnoque Iovi victima caesus §141Sigea, premis litora truncus.
After carrying out Hecuba's offspring and the herd of kings, you, father, close the final funerals, and slain as a victim to great Jupiter, you lie, a trunk, pressing the Sigean shores.
§142Alio lacrimas flectite vestras: §143non est Priami miseranda mei §144mors, Iliades.
Turn your tears elsewhere: the death of my Priam is not to be pitied, women of Ilium.
§145felix Priamus dicite cunctae: §146liber manes vadit ad imos, §147nec feret umquam victa Graium §147bcervice iugum; §148non ille duos videt Atridas §149nec fallacem cernit Vlixen; §150non Argolici praeda triumphi §151subiecta feret colla tropaeis; §152non adsuetas ad sceptra manus §153posterga dabit §154currusque sequens Agamemnonios §155aurea dextra vincula gestans §156latis fiet pompa Mycenis.
Say, all of you: 'Happy Priam!' He goes free to the deepest shades, nor will he ever bear the yoke of the Greeks on his conquered neck; he does not see the two sons of Atreus, nor does he behold deceitful Ulysses; he, as prey of an Argive triumph, will not bear on his subjected neck the trophies; he will not give behind his back hands accustomed to the scepter, and, following Agamemnon's chariot, wearing golden chains upon his right hand, he will not become a pageant in wide Mycenae.
§157Felix Priamus dicimus omnes: §158secum excedens sua regna tulit; §159nunc Elysii nemoris tutis §160errat in umbris interque pias §161felix animas Hectora quaerit.
'Happy Priam!' we all say: departing, he carried his own kingdom with him; now in the safe shades of the Elysian grove he wanders, and among the pious souls, happy, he seeks Hector.
§161bfelix Priamus, §162felix quisquis bello moriens §163omnia secum consumpta tulit.
Happy Priam, happy whoever, dying in war, has carried with him all things consumed.
§164O longa Danais semper in portu mora, §165seu petere bellum, petere seu patriam volunt.
[Talthybius] O long delay always for the Danai in harbor, whether they wish to seek war or to seek their fatherland.
§166Quae causa ratibus faciat et Danais moram, §167effare, reduces quis deus claudat vias.
What cause makes delay for the ships and the Danai, speak out, what god closes the return paths.
§168Pavet animus, artus horridus quassat tremor, §169maiora veris monstra (vix capiunt fidem) §170vidi ipse, vidi.
My mind shudders, a cold tremor shakes my limbs, portents greater than truth (they scarcely find belief) I saw myself, I saw.
summa iam Titan iuga §170bstringebat ortu, vicerat noctem dies, §171cum subito caeco terra mugitu fremens §172concussa totos traxit ex imo sinus; §173movere silvae capita et excelsum nemus §174fragore vasto tonuit et lucus sacer: §175Idaea ruptis saxa ceciderunt iugis.
Titan was already touching the highest ridges with his rising, day had conquered night, when suddenly the earth, murmuring with a blind bellowing, shook and dragged its whole depths from the bottom; the woods moved their heads, and the lofty grove thundered with a vast crash, as did the sacred forest: Idaean rocks fell from the broken ridges.
§176nec terra solum tremuit: et pontus suum §177adesse Achillen sensit ac stravit vada.
Nor did the earth alone tremble: the sea also felt that its Achilles was present, and smoothed its waters.
§178tum scissa vallis aperit immensos specus §179et hiatus Erebi pervium ad superos iter §180tellure fracta praebet ac tumulum levat.
Then the split valley opened immense caverns, and the chasm of Erebus offered a passable path to those above through the fractured earth, and raised the mound.
§181emicuit ingens umbra Thessalici ducis, §182Threicia qualis arma proludens tuis §183iam, Troia, fatis stravit aut Neptunium §184cana nitentem perculit iuvenem coma, §185aut cum inter acies Marte violento furens §186corporibus amnes clusit et quaerens iter §187tardus cruento Xanthus erravit vado, §188aut cum superbo victor in curru stetit §189egitque habenas Hectorem et Troiam trahens.
There flashed forth the huge shade of the Thessalian leader, such as when, rehearsing Thracian arms, he already, Troy, strewed your fates, or struck down the Neptunian youth shining with hoary hair, or when, raging with violent Mars between the lines, he choked the rivers with bodies, and seeking a way, slow Xanthus wandered with bloody pool, or when he stood as victor in his proud chariot, and plied the reins, dragging Hector and Troy.
§190implevit omne litus irati sonus: §191cite, ite inertes, manibus meis debitos §192auferte honores, solvite ingratas rates §193per nostra ituri maria, non parvo luit §194iras Achillis Graecia et magno luet: §195desponsa nostris cineribus Polyxene §196Pyrrhi manu mactetur et tumulum riget. ' §197haec fatus alta nocte demersit diem §198repetensque Ditem rursus ingentem specum §199coeunte terra iunxit, immoti iacent §200tranquilla pelagi, ventus abiecit minas §201placidumque fluctu murmurat leni mare,
The sound of the angry one filled the entire shore: 'Go, go, lazy ones, carry away the honors due to my shades, loosen the ungrateful ships, you who are about to go through my seas; not for a small price did Greece pay for the wrath of Achilles, and for a great price she will pay: let Polyxena, betrothed to our ashes, be sacrificed by Pyrrhus' hand and wet the mound.' Having spoken thus, he plunged the day into deep night, and seeking Dis again, he joined the immense cavern as the earth closed; unmoved lie the quiet spaces of the sea, the wind has cast away its threats, and the peaceful sea murmurs with a gentle wave.

Notes

  1. §110ut solita est — The conjunction ut with the indicative solita est forms a comparative clause of manner ('as she is accustomed to').
  2. §122bquamcumque tuo / funere feci rapta cicatrix — rapta is the perfect participle of rapio, modifying cicatrix ('torn scar'). tuo funere functions as an ablative of cause or time ('at/by your death').
  3. §134te rege — An ablative absolute construction of noun + noun ('you being king' / 'while you were king').
  4. §147victa... cervice — An ablative of means or instrument ('with his conquered neck'), which functions as the means of bearing the following iugum ('yoke').
  5. §163omnia secum consumpta tulit — consumpta modifies omnia, meaning 'carried away all things consumed with himself'. It refers to Priam's death being coincident with the total destruction of his state.
  6. §182proludens — Present participle of proludo ('rehearsing/preluding'), describing how Achilles' past exploits (such as the Thracian campaign) served as a prelude to the main fates of Troy.

Cite this passage

Seneca the Younger, The Trojan Women §97-201. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi1017.phi002.humanitext-lat2:97-201

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