§9.2.50sed et in rebus versatur haec contraria dicendi quam quae intelligi velis ratio, ut totum pro Quinto Ligario prooemium et illae elevationes: videlicet, O dii boni! —
"
scilicet is superis labor est. "
—et ille pro Oppio locus: §9.2.51O amorem mirum! O benivolentiam singularem! non procul absunt ab hac simulatione res inter se similes, confessio nihil nocitura, qualis est: habes igitur, Tubero, quod est accusatori maxime optandum, confitentem reum; et concessio, cum aliquid etiam iniquum videmur causae fiducia pati: metum virgarum nauarchus nobilissimae civitatis pretio redemit: humanum est; et pro Cluentio de invidia: dominetur in contionibus, iaceat in iudiciis; tertia consensio, ut pro eodem, iudicium esse corruptum. §9.2.52haec evidentior figura est, cum alicui rei assentimur, quae est futura pro nobis;
But this method of saying the contrary to what you wish to be understood is also employed in facts, as in the whole exordium of Pro Ligario and those disparagements: "to be sure," "O good gods!" — "scilicet is superis labor est" — and that passage of Pro Oppio: "O wonderful love! O singular benevolence!" Not far removed from this simulation are certain similar figures: confession that will do no harm, such as: "You have therefore, Tubero, what is most to be desired by an accuser, a defendant confessing"; and concession, when we seem, through confidence in our case, to submit even to something unjust: "The captain of a ship from a most noble city bought off the fear of lashes for a price: it is human"; and in Pro Cluentio concerning ill-will: "let it dominate in public meetings, let it lie low in trials"; a third is agreement, as in the same speech, "that the trial was corrupted." This is a more evident figure when we assent to something that is going to be in our favor; but that cannot happen without some fault of our adversary.
verum id accidere sine adversarii vitio non potest. quaedam etiam velut laudamus, ut Cicero in Verrem circa crimen Apollonii Drepanitani: gaudeo etiam, si quid ab eo abstulisti, et abs te nihil rectius factum esse dico. interim augemus crimina,
We also sometimes pretend to praise, as Cicero does in In Verrem concerning the charge of Apollonius of Drepanum: "I am even glad if you took anything from him, and I say that nothing was done more rightly by you." Sometimes we exaggerate charges, which we can easily either mitigate or deny, which is more frequent than to require an example.
§9.2.53quae ex facili aut diluere possimus aut negare, quod est frequentius quam ut exemplum desideret. interim hoc ipso fidem detrahimus illis, quod sint tam gravia, ut pro Roscio Cicero, cum immanitatem parricidii quanquam per se manifestam tamen etiam vi orationis exaggerat.
Sometimes by this very fact we detract from their credibility, because they are so heavy, as Cicero does in Pro Roscio, when he exaggerates the monstrosity of parricide, although manifest in itself, yet also by the power of his speech.
Ἀποσιώπησις, §9.2.54quam idem Cicero reticentiam, Celsus obticentiam, nonnulli interruptionem appellant, et ipsa ostendit aliquid adfectus vel irae, ut. "
quos ego—sed motos praestat componere fluctus;
Aposiopesis, which the same Cicero calls reticentia, Celsus obticentia, and some call interruption, itself also shows some passion or anger, as: "whom I — but it is better to calm the troubled waves"; or anxiety and a kind of religious awe: "Would he have dared to make mention of this law, which Clodius boasts to have been invented by himself, while Milo was alive, I will not say as consul?
"
vel sollicitudinis et quasi religionis: an huius ille legis, quam Clodius a se inventam gloriatur, mentionem facere ausus esset vivo Milone, non dicam console? de nostrum omnium — non audeo totum dicere; cui simile est in prooemio pro Ctesiphonte Demosthenis.
Concerning the safety of us all — I do not dare to say the whole"; to which there is a similar passage in the exordium of Demosthenes' Pro Ctesiphonte.
§9.2.55vel alio transeundi gratia: Cominius autem — tametsi ignoscite mihi, iudices. in quo est et illa (si tamen inter schemata numerari debet, cum aliis etiam pars causae videatur) digressio; abit enim causa in laudes Cn. Pompeii, idque fieri etiam sine ἀποσιωπήσει potuit.
Or for the sake of passing to another subject: "But Cominius — although forgive me, judges." In which is also that digression (if indeed it ought to be numbered among figures, since to others it seems even to be a part of the case); for the case departs into praises of Gnaeus Pompeius, and that could have been done even without aposiopesis.
§9.2.56nam brevior illa, ut ait Cicero, a re digressio plurimis fit modis.
For that shorter digression from the subject, as Cicero says, is made in very many ways.
sed haec exempli gratia sufficient: tum C. Varenus, is qui a familia Anchariana occisus est; hoc, quaeso, iudices, diligenter attendite; et pro Milone et aspexit me illis quidem oculis, quibus tum solebat, cum omnibus omnia minabatur. §9.2.57est alia non quidem reticentia, quae sit imperfecti sermonis, sed tamen praecisa velut ante legitimum finem oratio: ut illud nimis urgeo, commoveri videtur adolescens; et quid plura? ipsum adolescentem dicere audistis. imitatio morum alienorum, quae ἠθοποιία vel, ut alii malunt, μίμησις dicitur, iam inter leniores adfectus numerari potest; est enim posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur et in factis et in dictis.
But these will suffice for the sake of example: "Then Gaius Varenus, he who was killed by the slaves of Ancharius; this, I pray you, judges, attend to diligently"; and in Pro Milone: "and he looked at me with indeed those eyes, with which he was then accustomed when he threatened all with all things." There is another kind of speech, not indeed reticentia, which would belong to an unfinished statement, but yet cut short, as it were, before its legitimate end: as: "I press this too much, the youth seems to be moved; and why more? You heard the youth himself speak." The imitation of other people's manners, which is called ethopoiea or, as others prefer, mimesis, can already be numbered among the gentler feelings; for it is placed mostly in mockery, but is employed in both deeds and words.
in factis, quod est ὑποτυπώσει vicinum; in dictis, quale est apud Terentium:
"
at ego nesciebam, quorsum tu ires.
In deeds, which is close to hypotyposis; in words, such as that in Terence: "But I did not know where you were going.
parvula
hinc est abrepta, eduxit mater pro sua,
soror dicta est: cupio abducere, ut reddam suis. " §9.2.59sed nostrorum quoque dictorum factorumque similis imitatio est per relationem, nisi quod frequentius asseverat quam eludit: dicebam habere eos actorem Q. Caecilium. sunt et illa iucunda et ad commendationem cum varietate tum etiam ipsa natura plurimum prosunt, quae simplicem quandam et non praeparatam ostendendo orationem minus nos suspectos iudici faciunt.
A little girl was carried off from here, my mother brought her up as her own, she was called my sister: I desire to lead her away to return her to her own." But there is also a similar imitation of our own words and deeds through narration, except that it asserts more frequently than it mocks: "I kept saying that they had Quintus Caecilius as their prosecutor." Those also are pleasant and, both by variety and by their very nature, are of the greatest service for recommendation, which by showing a simple and unprepared speech make us less suspected by the judge.