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Ovid · Sorrows §3.4.1-3.4.46

Advice to Live Obscurely and Gratitude to a Loyal Friend

Passage 24 of 60 · Latin

Summary

Using his own downfall and exile as a harsh lesson, the poet advises his friend to live a quiet and humble life far from powerful figures, while expressing profound gratitude for the friend's unwavering loyalty and support.

§3.4.1O mihi care quidem semper, sed tempore duro §3.4.2cognite, res postquam procubuere meae, §3.4.3usibus edocto si quicquam credis amico, §3.4.4vive tibi et longe nomina magna fuge.
O you who were indeed always dear to me, but in a hard time known, after my fortunes fell, if you believe at all in a friend taught by experience, live for yourself and flee far from great names.
§3.4.5vive tibi, quantumque potes praelustria vita.
live for yourself, and as much as you can, avoid things that are too illustrious.
§3.4.6saevum praelustri fulmen ab arce venit, §3.4.7nam quamquam soli possunt prodesse potentes, §3.4.8non prosint potius, siquis obesse potest.
The savage thunderbolt comes from the highly illustrious citadel, for although only the powerful can be of benefit, let them rather not benefit, if anyone has the power to harm.
§3.4.9effugit hibernas demissa antemna procellas, §3.4.10lataque plus parvis vela timoris habent.
The lowered yardarm escapes winter storms, and wide sails have more of fear than small ones.
§3.4.11aspicis ut summa cortex levis innatet unda, §3.4.12cum grave nexa simul retia mergat onus.
Do you see how the light cork floats on the top of the wave, while a heavy weight sinks the nets joined with it at the same time.
§3.4.13haec ego si monitor monitus prius ipse fuissem, §3.4.14in qua debebam forsitan urbe forem.
If I, who now advise you, had myself been advised of these things before, I would perhaps be in the city where I ought to be.
§3.4.15dum tecum vixi, dum me levis aura ferebat, §3.4.16haec mea per placidas cumba cucurrit aquas,
While I lived with you, while a light breeze carried me, this skiff of mine ran through peaceful waters.
§3.4.17qui cadit in plano—vix hoc tamen evenit ipsum— §3.4.18sic cadit, ut tacta surgere possit humo; §3.4.19at miser Elpenor tecto delapsus ab alto §3.4.20occurrit regi debilis umbra suo.
He who falls on level ground—yet this itself scarcely happens— falls in such a way that he can rise after touching the ground; But wretched Elpenor, having fallen from a high roof, met his king as a weak shade.
§3.4.21quid fuit, ut tutas agitaret Daedalus alas, §3.4.22Icarus inmensas nomine signet aquas?
Why was it that Daedalus fluttered safe wings, while Icarus marks the immense waters with his name?
§3.4.23nempe quod hic alte, demissius ille volabat; §3.4.24nam pennas ambo non habuere suas.
Surely because the latter flew high, the former lower; for both did not have wings of their own.
§3.4.25crede mihi, bene qui latuit bene vixit, et intra §3.4.26fortunam debet quisque manere suam.
Believe me, he who has hidden well has lived well, and everyone ought to remain within his own fortune.
§3.4.27non foret Eumedes orbus, si filius eius §3.4.28stultus Achilleos non adamasset equos; §3.4.29nec natum in flamma vidisset, in arbore natas, §3.4.30cepisset genitor si Phaëthonta Merops.
Eumedes would not be childless, if his son foolishly had not fallen in love with the horses of Achilles; nor would his father Merops have seen his son in flames, his daughters in trees, if he had accepted Phaëthon as his own.
§3.4.31tu quoque formida nimium sublimia semper, §3.4.32propositique, precor, contrahe vela tui.
You too, always fear things that are too sublime, and, I pray, reef the sails of your purpose.
§3.4.33nam pede inoffenso spatium decurrere vitae §3.4.34dignus es et fato candidiore frui.
For you are worthy to run the course of life with unoffended foot and to enjoy a brighter fate.
§3.4.35quae pro te ut voveam, miti pietate mereris §3.4.36haesuraque fide tempus in omne mihi.
You deserve that I should vow these things for you, by your gentle piety and faith that will cling to me for all time.
§3.4.37vidi ego te tali vultu mea fata gementem, §3.4.38qualem credibile est ore fuisse meo.
I saw you lamenting my fate with such a countenance as it is believable was on my own face.
§3.4.39nostra tuas vidi lacrimas super ora cadentes, §3.4.40tempore quas uno fidaque verba bibi.
I saw your tears falling upon my face, which, along with your faithful words, I drank at that same time.
§3.4.41nunc quoque summotum studio defendis amicum, §3.4.42et mala vix ulla parte levanda levas.
Even now you defend with zeal your friend who has been removed, and you lighten ills that can scarcely be lightened by any part.
§3.4.43vive sine invidia, mollesque inglorius annos §3.4.44exige, amicitias et tibi iunge pares, §3.4.45Nasonisque tui, quod adhuc non exulat unum, §3.4.46nomen ama: Scythicus cetera Pontus habet.
Live without envy, and inglorious, spend gentle years, and join to yourself friendships that are equal, and love the name of your Naso, which alone does not yet exile: the name; the Scythian Pontus holds the rest.

Notes

  1. 3.4.2procubuere — `procubuere` is a poetic shortened form of the third-person plural perfect active indicative `procubuerunt`, agreeing with the subject `res` (here `res meae` "my fortunes").
  2. 3.4.8non prosint — `prosint` is the third-person plural present subjunctive of `prosum`, expressing a hortatory or optative nuance ("let them rather not benefit"). This syntactical choice highlights the negative consequence of dealing with powerful figures who also possess the power to harm.
  3. 3.4.13forem — `forem` is an alternative form of `essem` (first-person singular imperfect subjunctive of `sum`). This forms a mixed conditional sentence where the past contrary-to-fact condition (`si... fuissem`, pluperfect subjunctive) leads to a present contrary-to-fact result in the apodosis ("I would now be in the city").
  4. 3.4.21quid fuit, ut — The phrase `quid fuit, ut` ("what was it that...") is a construction asking for a cause, introducing subjunctive clauses (`agitaret` and `signet`). Although referring to a past myth, `signet` is in the present tense to emphasize the enduring current reality that the sea still bears Icarus's name.
  5. 3.4.35quae — The relative pronoun `quae` (neuter plural accusative) at the beginning of the clause is a relative connection (connecting relative) referring back to the contents of §3.4.33-34 ("running the course of life safely and enjoying a brighter fate"), serving as the direct object of `voveam`. The governing verb is `mereris`, constructing the meaning "you deserve that I should vow these things for you."

Cite this passage

Ovid, Sorrows §3.4.1-3.4.46. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0959.phi008.humanitext-lat2:3.4.1-3.4.46

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