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Ovid · The Heroines §8.1-8.60

Hermione's Captivity and Appeal to Orestes

Passage 16 of 54 · Latin

Summary

Hermione, the betrothed of Orestes, laments her captivity under Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles, who has forcibly taken her. She begs Orestes to rescue her, arguing for the legitimacy of their union through their shared ancestry and the priority of her grandfather's promise over her father's.

§8.3Pyrrhus Achillides, animosus imagine patris, §8.4Inclusam contra iusque piumque tenet.
Pyrrhus, son of Achilles, emboldened by the image of his father, holds me enclosed against both justice and duty.
§8.5Quod potui, renui, ne non invita tenerer; §8.6Cetera femineae non valuere manus.
What I could do, I did: I refused, so that I might not be held as if willing; for the rest, a woman's hands had no power.
§8.7'Quid facis, Aeacide? non sum sine vindice,' dixi:
'What are you doing, descendant of Aeacus?
§8.8'Haec tibi sub domino est, Pyrrhe, puella suo!' §8.9Surdior ille freto clamantem nomen Orestae §8.10Traxit inornatis in sua tecta comis.
I am not without a defender,' I said: 'This girl, Pyrrhus, is for you under the rule of her own master!' Deafer than the sea, as I cried out the name of Orestes, he dragged me into his halls with my hair disheveled.
§8.11Quid gravius capta Lacedaemone serva tulissem, §8.12Si raperet Graias barbara turba nurus?
What more grievous thing would I have endured as a slave if Lacedaemon had been captured, and a barbarian crowd were ravishing Greek brides?
§8.13Parcius Andromachen vexavit Achaia victrix, §8.14Cum Danaus Phrygias ureret ignis opes.
Victorious Greece harassed Andromache more sparingly when the Greek fire was burning the Phrygian wealth.
§8.15At tu, cura mei si te pia tangit, Oreste, §8.16Inice non timidas in tua iura manus!
But you, Orestes, if a dutiful care for me touches you, lay your undaunted hands upon what is your right!
§8.17An siquis rapiat stabulis armenta reclusis, §8.18Arma feras, rapta coniuge lentus eris?
Or if anyone should open the stalls and steal your herds, would you bear arms, but remain sluggish when your wife is stolen?
§8.19Sit socer exemplo nuptae repetitor ademptae, §8.20Cui pia militiae causa puella fuit!
Let your father-in-law be an example to you, he who reclaimed his stolen bride, for whom a woman was the sacred cause of war!
§8.21Si socer ignavus vidua stertisset in aula, §8.22Nupta foret Paridi mater, ut ante fuit.
If your father-in-law had snored lazily in his empty hall, my mother would still be a bride to Paris, as she was before.
§8.23Nec tu mille rates sinuosaque vela pararis §8.24Nec numeros Danai militis — ipse veni!
Do not prepare a thousand ships and swelling sails, nor the numbers of Greek soldiers — come yourself!
§8.25Sic quoque eram repetenda tamen, nec turpe marito §8.26Aspera pro caro bella tulisse toro.
Even so, I was still to be reclaimed, nor is it shameful for a husband to have endured fierce wars for his dear marriage-bed.
§8.27Quid, quod avus nobis idem Pelopeius Atreus, §8.28Et, si non esses vir mihi, frater eras.
What of the fact that we have the same grandfather, Atreus, son of Pelops, and even if you were not my husband, you were my brother?
§8.29Vir, precor, uxori, frater succurre sorori!
As husband, I pray, succor your wife; as brother, your sister!
§8.30Instant officio nomina bina tuo.
Two names press upon your duty.
§8.31Me tibi Tyndareus, vita gravis auctor et annis, §8.32Tradidit; arbitrium neptis habebat avus.
Tyndareus, a guarantor weighty in life and years, delivered me to you; the grandfather had authority over his granddaughter.
§8.33At pater Aeacidae promiserat inscius acti; §8.34Plus patre, quo prior est ordine, pollet avus.
But my father, ignorant of what had been done, had promised me to the descendant of Aeacus; the grandfather, who is prior in order, has more power than the father.
§8.35Cum tibi nubebam, nulli mea taeda nocebat; §8.36Si iungar Pyrrho, tu mihi laesus eris.
When I was marrying you, my wedding-torch harmed no one; if I should be joined to Pyrrhus, you will be the one injured by me.
§8.37Et pater ignoscet nostro Menelaus amori — §8.38Succubuit telis praepetis ipse dei.
And my father Menelaus will forgive our love — he himself succumbed to the weapons of the swift god.
§8.39Quem sibi permisit, genero concedet amorem; §8.40Proderit exemplo mater amata suo.
The love which he allowed himself, he will concede to his son-in-law; my beloved mother will be of benefit by her own example.
§8.41Tu mihi, quod matri pater est; quas egerat olim §8.42Dardanius partis advena, Pyrrhus agit.
You are to me what my father is to my mother; the role which the Trojan stranger once played, Pyrrhus now plays.
§8.43Ille licet patriis sine fine superbiat actis; §8.44Et tu, quae referas facta parentis, habes.
Though he may boast without end of his father's deeds; you too have your father's exploits to recall.
§8.45Tantalides omnis ipsumque regebat Achillem. §8.46Hic pars militiae; dux erat ille ducum.
The descendant of Tantalus ruled over all, and Achilles himself; the latter was but a part of the army, the former was the leader of leaders.
§8.47Tu quoque per proavum Pelopem Pelopisque parentem, §8.48Si medios numeres, a Iove quintus eris.
You too, through your great-grandfather Pelops, and Pelops' father, if you count the intermediate generations, will be fifth from Jupiter.
§8.49Nec virtute cares.
Nor do you lack courage.
arma invidiosa tulisti, §8.50Sed tibi — quid faceres? — induit illa pater.
You bore weapons that brought hatred upon you, but — what could you do? — your father put them on you.
§8.51Materia vellem fortis meliore fuisses; §8.52Non lecta est operi, sed data causa tuo.
Would that you had been brave with a better material; the cause was not chosen for your work, but given to it.
§8.53Hanc tamen inplesti; iuguloque Aegisthus aperto §8.54Tecta cruentavit, quae pater ante tuus.
Yet you fulfilled this; and Aegisthus, with his throat slit open, stained the halls with blood, which your father had done before.
§8.55Increpat Aeacides laudemque in crimina vertit — §8.56Et tamen adspectus sustinet ille meos.
The descendant of Aeacus upbraids you and turns your praise into crimes — and yet he endures my gaze.
§8.57Rumpor, et ora mihi pariter cum mente tumescunt, §8.58Pectoraque inclusis ignibus usta dolent.
I am bursting, and my face swells along with my anger, and my breast, burned by enclosed fires, is in pain.
§8.59Hermione coram quisquamne obiecit Orestae, §8.60Nec mihi sunt vires, nec ferus ensis adest?
Does anyone cast reproaches at Orestes in the presence of Hermione, and yet I have no strength, nor is a fierce sword at hand?

Notes

  1. 8.5ne non invita tenerer — A negative purpose clause with double negation ('ne non'), meaning 'lest I might not be thought to be held unwillingly' (i.e., 'lest anyone think I consented'). This logical structure explains her refusal ('renui') as a necessary declaration of her lack of consent.
  2. 8.11tulissem — A pluperfect subjunctive expressing the apodosis of a past contrary-to-fact conditional. By asking 'what more grievous thing would I have endured' under a hypothetical fall of Lacedaemon, it emphasizes that her current captivity is as bad as any wartime enslavement.
  3. 8.34quo prior est ordine, pollet avus — The relative pronoun `quo` is an ablative of comparison referring to the antecedent `avus` ('than whom the grandfather is prior in order'). It invokes the legal/family principle where the grandfather's (Tyndareus') prior authority in marriage arrangements takes precedence over the subsequent, ignorant promise of the father (Menelaus).
  4. 8.51Materia vellem fortis meliore fuisses — An imperfect subjunctive `vellem` expressing a past unfulfilled wish, governing the following pluperfect subjunctive `fuisses` (with `ut` omitted). It conveys Hermione's pity and regret that Orestes had to show his courage on such a tragic and hateful 'material' (matricide).

Cite this passage

Ovid, The Heroines §8.1-8.60. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0959.phi002.humanitext-lat2:8.1-8.60

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