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Livy · History of Rome §7.38.1-7.38.10

Conspiracy of Roman Soldiers in Capua and Marcius's Ruse

Passage 394 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

A conspiracy arises among the Roman soldiers wintering in Capua to seize the city by force. The experienced consul Marcius thwarts their immediate impulse by spreading a rumor that they will winter there the following year, temporarily subduing the mutiny.

§7.38.1huius certaminis fortuna et Faliscos, cum in indutiis essent, foedus petere ab senatu coegit et Latinos iam exercitibus conparatis ab Romano in Paelignum vertit bellum.
The outcome of this battle compelled the Falisci, although they were under a truce, to seek a treaty from the senate, and turned the war of the Latins, who had already prepared their armies, from the Romans against the Paeligni.
§7.38.2neque ita rei gestae fama Italiae se finibus tenuit, sed Carthaginienses quoque legatos gratulatum Romam misere cum coronae aureae dono, quae in Capitolio in Iovis cella poneretur.
Nor did the fame of this achievement confine itself within the boundaries of Italy, but the Carthaginians also sent ambassadors to Rome to offer congratulations, with a gift of a golden crown to be placed in the temple of Jupiter on the Capitol.
fuit pondo viginti quinque.
Its weight was twenty-five pounds.
§7.38.3consules ambo de Samnitibus triumpharunt sequente Decio insigni cum laude donisque, cum incondito militari ioco haud minus tribuni celebre nomen quam consulum esset.
Both consuls triumphed over the Samnites, with Decius following in distinguished praise and with gifts, while in the coarse military jesting the name of the tribune was celebrated no less than that of the consuls.
§7.38.4Campanorum deinde Suessulanorumque auditae legationes, precantibusque datum, ut praesidium eo in hiberna mitteretur, quo Samnitium excursiones arcerentur.
Next, the embassies of the Campanians and the Suessulani were heard, and it was granted to their entreaties that a garrison should be sent there into winter quarters, by which the incursions of the Samnites might be kept off.
§7.38.5iam tum minime salubris militari disciplinae Capua instrumento omnium voluptatium delenitos militum animos avertit a memoria patriae inibanturque consilia in hibernis eodem scelere adimendae Campanis Capuae, per quod illi eam antiquis cultoribus ademissent: §7.38.6neque inmerito suum ipsorum exemplum in eos versurum.
Even then Capua, by no means wholesome for military discipline, diverted the minds of the soldiers, softened by the instruments of all pleasures, from the memory of their country; and plans were being formed in the winter quarters to take Capua away from the Campanians by the same crime through which they had taken it from its ancient inhabitants: nor would it be undeserved that their own example should turn against them.
cur autem potius Campani agrum Italiae uberrimum, dignam agro urbem, qui nec se nec sua tutari possent, quam victor exercitus haberet, qui suo sudore ac sanguine inde Samnites depulisset?
For why should the Campanians hold the most fertile land in Italy, and a city worthy of the land, when they could protect neither themselves nor their property, rather than the victorious army, which by its own sweat and blood had driven the Samnites thence?
§7.38.7an aequum esse, dediticios suos illa fertilitate atque amoenitate perfrui, se militando fessos in pestilenti atque arido circa urbem solo luctari aut in urbe insidentem tabem crescentis in dies faenoris pati?
Or was it fair that their own surrendered subjects should enjoy that fertility and pleasantness, while they, exhausted by military service, struggled on the pestilential and arid soil around the city, or suffered the wasting disease of daily increasing interest in the city?
§7.38.8haec agitata occultis coniurationibus necdum vulgata in omnes consilia invenit novus consul C. Marcius Rutilus, cui Campania sorte provincia evenerat, Q. Servilio collega ad urbem relicto.
These plans, agitated in secret conspiracies and not yet made known to all, were discovered by the new consul Gaius Marcius Rutilus, to whom Campania had fallen by lot as his province, his colleague Quintus Servilius having been left at the city.
§7.38.9itaque cum omnia ea, sicut gesta erant, per tribunos conperta haberet et aetate et usu doctus, quippe qui iam quartum consul esset dictatorque et censor fuisset, optimum ratus differendo spem, quandocumque vellent, consilii exsequendi militarem impetum frustrari, rumorem dissipat in iisdem oppidis et anno post praesidia hibernatura; §7.38.10divisa enim erant per Campaniae urbes, manaverantque a Capua consilia in exercitum omnem.
Therefore, since he had all these matters, just as they had been done, ascertained through the tribunes, and being experienced both in age and practice—for he was already consul for the fourth time and had been dictator and censor—thinking it best to frustrate the military impulse by deferring the hope of executing the plan to whenever they wished, he spread a rumor that the garrisons would winter in the same towns also in the following year; for they had been distributed through the cities of Campania, and the plans had spread from Capua into the whole army.
eo laxamento cogitationibus dato quievit in praesentia seditio.
By giving this relaxation to their thoughts, the mutiny subsided for the present.

Notes

  1. §7.38.5adimendae Campanis Capuae — adimendae Capuae is a genitive gerundive construction agreeing with Capuae and depending on consilia. Campanis is a dative of separation ('from the Campanians').
  2. §7.38.6suum ipsorum exemplum in eos versurum — An infinitive clause in indirect discourse, where versurum [esse] is the future active infinitive of verto (used intransitively) and suum ipsorum exemplum is its subject accusative.
  3. §7.38.7dediticios suos illa fertilitate atque amoenitate perfrui — The verb perfrui governs the ablative case, hence illa fertilitate atque amoenitate is in the ablative. This entire clause functions as the subject accusative and infinitive of aequum esse.
  4. §7.38.9conperta haberet — The construction habeo with a perfect passive participle (conperta) emphasizes the continued state of possessing the knowledge, more vivid than a simple pluperfect conpererat. This is a precursor to the modern Romance perfect tenses.
  5. §7.38.9optimum ratus differendo spem — ratus is the perfect participle of the deponent verb reor, with esse understood after optimum. differendo is a gerund in the ablative case expressing means ('by deferring').

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §7.38.1-7.38.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:7.38.1-7.38.10

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