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Livy · History of Rome §6.4.1-6.4.12

Camillus's Triumph and the Rebuilding of Rome

Passage 318 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Describes Camillus's triumph, the rapid reconstruction of Rome with the return of citizens, the election of new military tribunes, the military campaigns against the Aequi and Etruscan towns, and the construction of the Capitol's stone foundation.

§6.4.1Camillus in urbem triumphans rediit trium simul bellorum victor.
Camillus returned to the city in triumph, victorious in three wars at the same time.
§6.4.2longe plurimos captivos ex Etruscis ante currum duxit, quibus sub hasta venumdatis tantum aeris redactum est, ut pretio pro auro matronis persoluto ex eo, quod supererat, tres paterae aureae factae sint, §6.4.3quas cum titulo nominis Camilli ante Capitolium incensum in Iovis cella constat ante pedes Iunonis positas fuisse.
He led by far the greatest number of captives from the Etruscans before his chariot; when these had been sold under the spear, so much money was realized that, after the price of their gold had been repaid to the matrons, out of what remained three golden bowls were made, which, before the burning of the Capitol, it is well known were placed in the cella of Jupiter at the feet of Juno, with the name of Camillus inscribed upon them.
§6.4.4eo anno in civitatem accepti, qui Veientium Capenatiumque ac Faliscorum per ea bella transfugerant ad Romanos, agerque his novis civibus adsignatus.
In that year, those of the Veientes, Capenates, and Falisci who had deserted to the Romans during those wars were received into citizenship, and land was assigned to these new citizens.
revocati quoque in urbem senatus consulto a Veis, §6.4.5qui aedificandi Romae pigritia, occupatis ibi vacuis tectis, Veios se contulerant.
Also, by a decree of the senate, those were recalled to the city from Veii, who, through reluctance to build at Rome, had betaken themselves to Veii, occupying the vacant houses there.
et primo fremitus fuit aspernantium imperium; dies deinde praestituta capitalisque poena, qui non remigrasset Romam, ex ferocibus universis singulos, metu suo quemque, oboedientes fecit.
At first there was a murmur of those who despised the command; then, a day having been fixed and capital punishment threatened to anyone who did not return to Rome, it made them all, though fierce as a body, obedient, each through his own fear.
et Roma cum frequentia crescere, §6.4.6tum tota simul exsurgere aedificiis et re publica inpensas adiuvante et aedilibus velut publicum exigentibus opus et ipsis privatis — admonebat enim desiderium usus — festinantibus ad effectum operis; intraque annum nova urbs stetit.
And Rome began to grow in population, and at the same time to rise up everywhere in buildings, both because the state helped with the expenses, and because the aediles urged the work on as if it were a public task, and the private citizens themselves—for the desire for practical use urged them on—were hastening to complete the work; and within a year the new city stood finished.
§6.4.7exitu anni comitia tribunorum militum consulari potestate habita.
At the close of the year, the election of military tribunes with consular power was held.
creati T. Quinctius Cincinnatus, Q. Servilius Fidenas quintum, L. Iulius Iulus, L. Aquilius Corvus, L. Lucretius Tricipitinus, Ser. Sulpicius Rufus.
There were elected Titus Quinctius Cincinnatus, Quintus Servilius Fidenas for the fifth time, Lucius Iulius Iulus, Lucius Aquilius Corvus, Lucius Lucretius Tricipitinus, and Servius Sulpicius Rufus.
exercitum alterum in Aequos non ad bellum — §6.4.8victos namque se fatebantur — sed ab odio ad pervastandos fines, ne quid ad nova consilia relinqueretur virium, duxere, alterum in agrum Tarquiniensem.
They led one army against the Aequi, not for war— for they confessed that they were vanquished—but out of hatred, to thoroughly devastate their territory so that no strength might be left for new designs; the other army they led into the territory of Tarquinii.
§6.4.9ibi oppida Etruscorum Cortuosa et Contenebra vi capta.
There the Etruscan towns of Cortuosa and Contenebra were taken by force.
ad Cortuosam nihil certaminis fuit: inproviso adorti primo clamore atque impetu cepere; direptum oppidum atque incensum est.
At Cortuosa there was no struggle; attacking them by surprise, they took it at the first shout and onset; the town was plundered and burnt.
§6.4.10Contenebra paucos dies oppugnationem sustinuit, laborque continuus, non die, non nocte remissus, subegit eos.
Contenebra sustained a siege for a few days, and continuous labor, relaxed neither by day nor by night, subdued them.
cum in sex partes divisus exercitus Romanus senis horis in orbem succederet proelio, oppidanos eosdem integro semper certamini paucitas fessos obiceret, cessere tandem, locusque invadendi urbem Romanis datus est.
When the Roman army, divided into six parts, succeeded one another in rotation in the battle every six hours, while their small number exposed the same tired townspeople to an enemy that was always fresh for the fight, they yielded at last, and an opportunity for entering the city was given to the Romans.
§6.4.11publicari praedam tribunis placebat; sed imperium quam consilium segnius fuit: dum cunctantur, iam militum praeda erat nec nisi per invidiam adimi poterat.
It was the wish of the tribunes that the booty should be confiscated; but their command was slower than their decision; while they hesitated, it was already the booty of the soldiers, and could not be taken away except at the cost of great unpopularity.
§6.4.12eodem anno, ne privatis tantum operibus cresceret urbs, Capitolium quoque saxo quadrato substructum est, opus vel in hac magnificentia urbis conspiciendum.
In the same year, so that the city might not grow by private buildings alone, the Capitol also was substructured with square stone, a work to be admired even in the present magnificence of the city.

Notes

  1. 6.4.3ante Capitolium incensum — Meaning 'before the burning of the Capitol.' The preposition `ante` is combined with the noun `Capitolium` and the perfect participle `incensum` (burned) to express an event associated with the noun, which is a characteristic Latin noun-participle construction.
  2. 6.4.5et Roma cum frequentia crescere — The infinitive `crescere` and `exsurgere` in §6.4.6 are historical infinitives (equivalent in meaning and tense to the imperfect indicative), with `Roma` and `tota` (urbs) as their respective subjects, used to give rapid movement and vividness to the narrative.
  3. 6.4.10oppidanos eosdem integro semper certamini paucitas fessos obiceret — The word order is highly inverted (hyperbaton). The core structure consists of the subject `paucitas` (the smallness of their number) exposing (`obiceret`) the direct object `oppidanos eosdem ... fessos` (the same exhausted townspeople) to the dative `integro semper certamini` (always fresh combat).

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §6.4.1-6.4.12. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:6.4.1-6.4.12

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