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Livy · History of Rome §6.23.1-6.23.12

Camillus Yields Command to Furius and Holds Reserves

Passage 337 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Amidst the soldiers' clamor for battle instigated by Lucius Furius, Camillus yields the command to his young colleague and remains behind. While Furius draws up the front line for an immediate conflict, Camillus secures the reserves and watches the outcome.

§6.23.1idem ardor et in Romano exercitu erat et in altero duce, nec praesentis dimicationis fortunam ulla res praeterquam unius viri consilium atque imperium morabatur, qui occasionem iuvandarum ratione virium trahendo bello quaerebat. §6.23.2eo magis hostis instare nec iam pro castris tantum suis explicare aciem, sed procedere in medium campi et vallo prope hostium signa inferendo superbam fiduciam virium ostentare.
\nThe same ardor existed both in the Roman army and in the other general, nor was the fortune of an immediate conflict delayed by anything except the counsel and authority of one man, who was seeking an opportunity to increase their strength by rational means by prolonging the war.\n\nTherefore, the enemy pressed on all the more and no longer merely deployed their battle line in front of their own camp, but advanced into the middle of the plain and, by carrying their standards near to the rampart of the enemy, displayed a proud confidence in their strength.
id aegre patiebatur Romanus miles, §6.23.3multo aegrius alter ex tribunis militum, L. Furius, cum aetate et ingenio ferox tur multitudinis ex incertissimo sumentis animos spe inflatus. §6.23.4hic per se iam milites incitatos insuper instigabat elevando, qua una poterat, aetate auctoritatem collegae, iuvenibus bella data dictitans et cum corporibus vigere et deflorescere animos; cunctatorem ex acerrimo bellatore factum et, §6.23.5qui adveniens castra urbesque primo impetu capere sit solitus, eum residem intra vallum tempus terere, quid accessurum suis decessurumve hostium viribus sperantem, §6.23.6quam occasionem, quod tempus, quem insidiis instruendis locum? frigere ac torpere senis consilia. §6.23.7sed Camillo cum vitae satis tum gloriae esse; quid attinere cum mortali corpore uno civitatis, quam inmortalem esse deceat, pati consenescere vires? his sermonibus tota in se averterat castra, §6.23.8et cum omnibus locis posceretur pugna, “sustinere” inquit, “M. Furi, non possumus impetum militum, et hostis, cuius animos cunctando auximus, iam minime toleranda superbia insultat; cede unus omnibus et patere te vinci consilio, ut maturius bello vincas. ” §6.23.9ad ea Camillus, quae bella suo unius auspicio gesta ad eam diem essent, negare in eis neque se neque populum Romanum aut consilii sui aut fortunae paenituisse; nunc scire se collegam habere iure imperioque parem, vigore aetatis praestantem; §6.23.10itaque se, quod ad exercitum attineat, regere consuesse, non regi; collegae imperium se non posse inpedire.
The Roman soldier bore this with impatience,\n\nand much more impatiently did the other of the military tribunes, Lucius Furius, who was not only impetuous by reason of his youth and temperament, but also puffed up by the hope of the multitude, who derived their courage from the most uncertain grounds.\n\nHe instigated the soldiers, who were already excited of themselves, still further by disparaging, in the only way he could, the authority of his colleague on account of his age, repeatedly declaring that wars were given to the young, and that minds flourish and decay together with bodies; that a dilatory man had been made out of a most fierce warrior, and\n\nthat he who on his arrival had been accustomed to take camps and cities at the first assault, was now sitting idle within the rampart and wasting time, hoping for what addition to his own forces or what diminution of the enemy's strength,\n\nwhat opportunity, what time, what place for laying ambushes? The counsels of the old man, he said, were cold and lifeless.\n\nBut Camillus had enough both of life and of glory; what did it matter to let the strength of the state, which ought to be immortal, grow old along with one mortal body? By these speeches he had turned the whole camp towards himself,\n\nand when battle was demanded on all sides, he said, 'Marcus Furius, we cannot restrain the impetuosity of the soldiers, and the enemy, whose courage we have increased by delaying, now insults us with an arrogance that is by no means to be tolerated; yield, you alone to all, and suffer yourself to be overcome in counsel, so that you may conquer in war the sooner.'\n\nTo this Camillus replied, that in the wars which had been waged under his own sole auspices up to that day, neither he nor the Roman people had repented either of his counsel or of their fortune; he knew now that he had a colleague equal in law and command, and superior in the vigor of his age;\n\ntherefore, as far as the army was concerned, he had been accustomed to rule, not to be ruled; he could not obstruct the command of his colleague.
dis bene iuvantibus ageret, quod e re publica duceret; §6.23.11aetati suae se veniam ear petere, ne in prima acie esset; quae senis munia in bello sint, iis se non defuturum.
Let him act, with the good help of the gods, as he should deem beneficial to the state;\n\nfor his age he asked indulgence, that he might not be in the front line; whatever the duties of an old man in war might be, he would not fail in them.
id a dis inmortalibus precari, ne qui casus suum consilium laudabile efficiat.
This only he prayed from the immortal gods, that no misfortune might make his own counsel appear commendable.
nec ab hominibus salutaris sententia §6.23.12nec a dis tam piae preces auditae sunt.
But neither by men was his wholesome opinion heard,\n\nnor by the gods were such pious prayers heard.
primam aciem auctor pugnae instruit, subsidia Camillus firmat validamque stationem pro castris opponit; ipse edito loco spectator intentus in eventum alieni consilii constitit.
The author of the battle drew up the front line; Camillus strengthened the reserves and posted a strong guard in front of the camp; he himself took his stand on an elevated spot, an intent spectator of the issue of another's counsel.

Notes

  1. 6.23.3multo aegrius — The verb "patiebatur" is understood from the preceding "id aegre patiebatur Romanus miles". The correlative conjunctions "cum ... tum ..." ("not only ... but also ...") connect the two adjectives "ferox" (fierce) and "inflatus" (puffed up).
  2. 6.23.5eum residem ... tempus terere — An accusative with infinitive clause (indirect speech) introduced by "dictitans" (repeatedly declaring). The pronoun "eum" (him, referring to Camillus) is the subject of the infinitive "terere" and serves as the antecedent of the relative clause "qui ... solitus sit". The subjunctive "solitus sit" is used because it is a subordinate clause within indirect speech.
  3. 6.23.11ne qui casus suum consilium laudabile efficiat — Represents Camillus' ironic and pious prayer. For his own counsel (delaying the battle) to "be made commendable (laudabile)" would mean that some misfortune (such as Furius' defeat) would post facto prove his caution to have been correct. Thus, this "ne" clause expresses a prayer that no such disaster may occur.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §6.23.1-6.23.12. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:6.23.1-6.23.12

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