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Livy · History of Rome §5.7.1-5.7.13

Veii Setback and Voluntary Military Enlistment

Passage 266 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Upon the news of the destruction of the siege works at Veii by fire, both the equestrian census holders and the plebeians voluntarily offer their services to the state, creating a momentous national harmony and renewed military ardor.

§5.7.1par iam etiam in contionibus erat Appius tribunis plebis, cum subito, unde minime quis crederet, accepta calamitas apud Veios et superiorem Appium in causa et concordiam ordinum maiorem ardoremque ad obsidendos pertinacius Veios fecit.
Appius was now equal to the tribunes of the plebs even in the assemblies, when suddenly, from a source where one would least believe it, a disaster received at Veii both made Appius superior in his cause and produced greater harmony of the orders and ardor for besieging Veii more tenaciously.
§5.7.2nam cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non iam iniunctae moenibus essent, dum opera interdiu fiunt intentius quam note custodiuntur, patefacta repente porta ingens multitudo facibus maxime armata ignes coniecit, §5.7.3horaeque momento simul aggerem ac vineas, tam longi temporis opus, incendium hausit; multique ibi mortales nequiquam opem ferentes ferro ignique absumpti sunt.
For when the rampart had been advanced to the city and the mantlets were all but joined to the walls, while the works were being constructed during the day more intensely than they were guarded at night, a gate was suddenly opened and a huge multitude, armed chiefly with torches, threw fire on them, and in the space of an hour the fire consumed both the rampart and the mantlets, the work of so long a time; and many men there, bringing aid in vain, were consumed by sword and fire.
quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, §5.7.4maestitiam omnibus, senatui curam metumque iniecit, ne tum vero sustineri nec in urbe seditio nec in castris posset et tribuni plebis velut ab se victae rei publicae insultarent, §5.7.5cum repente, quibus census equester erat, equi publici non erant adsignati, concilio prius inter sese habito senatum adeunt factaque dicendi potestate equis se suis stipendia facturos promittunt.
When this was announced at Rome, it struck sadness into all, and anxiety and fear into the senate, lest then indeed sedition could be sustained neither in the city nor in the camp, and the tribunes of the plebs should insult the state as if conquered by themselves, when suddenly, those who had the equestrian census but had not been assigned public horses, having first held a meeting among themselves, went to the senate, and having obtained permission to speak, promised that they would serve with their own horses.
§5.7.6quibus cum amplissimis verbis gratiae ab senatu actae essent famaque ea forum atque urbem pervasisset, subito ad curiam concursus fit plebis; §5.7.7pedestris ordinis aiunt nunc esse nomina dare operamque rei publicae extra ordinem polliceri, seu Veios seu quo alio ducere velint.
When thanks had been returned to them by the senate in the most ample terms, and that rumor had pervaded the forum and the city, suddenly a rush of the plebeians was made to the curia; they said that it was now the turn of the pedestrian order to give their names and promise their service to the state outside the regular order, whether they wished to lead them to Veii or anywhere else.
si Veios ducti sint, negant se inde prius quam capta urbe hostium redituros esse.
If they were led to Veii, they declared they would not return from there before the city of the enemy was captured.
§5.7.8tum vero iam superfundenti se laetitiae vix temperatum est; §5.7.9non enim, sicut equites, dato magistratibus negotio laudari iussi, neque aut in curiam vocati, quibus responsum daretur, aut limine curiae continebatur senatus, sed pro se quisque ex superiore loco ad multitudinem in comitio stantem voce manibusque significare publicam laetitiam, §5.7.10beatam urbem Romanam et invictam et aeternam illa concordia dicere, laudare equites, laudare plebem, diem ipsum laudibus ferre, victam esse fateri comitatem benignitatemque senatus.
Then indeed, they could scarcely restrain themselves from the overflowing joy; for the senate was not, as in the case of the knights, ordered to be praised by a task given to the magistrates, nor were they called into the curia to be given an answer, nor was the senate contained within the threshold of the curia, but each one on his own behalf, from the higher place, signified the public joy by voice and hands to the multitude standing in the comitium, saying that the Roman city was blessed and invincible and eternal by that harmony, praising the knights, praising the plebeians, extolling the day itself with praises, and confessing that the kindness and benignity of the senate had been overcome.
§5.7.11certatim patribus plebique manare gaudio lacrimae, donec revocatis in curiam patribus senatus consultum factum est, §5.7.12ut tribuni militares contione advocata peditibus equitibusque gratias agerent, memorem pietatis eorum erga patriam dicerent senatum fore; placere autem omnibus his voluntariam extra ordinem professis militiam aera procedere; et equiti certus numerus aeris est adsignatus.
Tears of joy flowed from the patricians and the plebeians in emulation, until the patricians being recalled into the curia, a decree of the senate was made, that the military tribunes, having called an assembly, should return thanks to the infantry and the knights, and say that the senate would be mindful of their piety toward the fatherland; and that it was pleasing that pay should proceed for all those who had volunteered for service outside the regular order; and a certain amount of pay was also assigned to the horseman.
§5.7.13tum primum equis suis merere equites coeperunt.
Then for the first time the knights began to serve with their own horses.
voluntarius ductus exercitus Veios non amissa modo restituit opera, sed nova etiam instituit.
This volunteer army, led to Veii, not only restored the lost works but also constructed new ones.
ab urbe commeatus intentiore quam antea subvehi cura, ne quid tam bene merito exercitui ad usum deesset.
Provisions were carried up from the city with more intense care than before, lest anything should be lacking for the use of an army that had deserved so well.

Notes

  1. 5.7.1cum subito... fecit — An instance of cum inversum. The main clause (par erat Appius) is in the imperfect tense to describe an ongoing state of affairs, while the cum clause with the perfect indicative (fecit) introduces a sudden and unexpected event.
  2. 5.7.7pedestris ordinis — A predicative use of the genitive of description or duty. It functions as 'it belongs to the infantry order' or 'it is the turn of the infantry order', implying a omitted noun such as officium or partes.
  3. 5.7.8vix temperatum est — An impersonal passive construction of the intransitive verb temperare. It translates literally as 'it was scarcely restrained with respect to...' governing the dative (laetitiae), highlighting the difficulty the citizens had in containing their emotions.
  4. 5.7.9significare — A historical infinitive (or infinitive of narration). It functions as the main verb following the indicative continebatur, used to vividly depict rapid, emotional, or dramatic actions. The infinitives in §5.7.10 (dicere, laudare, ferre, fateri) and §5.7.11 (manare) are also historical infinitives of the same nature.
  5. 5.7.12aera procedere — The accusative plural of aes (money, hence pay) combined with procedere (to go forward, to accrue or be paid). This accusative with infinitive clause (ACI) serves as the subject clause of the impersonal placere (it was resolved).

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §5.7.1-5.7.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:5.7.1-5.7.13

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