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Livy · History of Rome §42.40.1-42.40.11

Marcius Denounces the Treaty Violations of Perseus

Passage 1630 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The Roman commissioner Marcius, in reply to Perseus's letter, denounces the king by listing his various treaty violations since his accession.

§42.40.1cum paulisper silentium fuisset, “expectari nos” inquit Marcius “arbitror, ut respondeamus litteris tuis, quas Corcyram misisti, in quibus quaeris, quid ita legati cum militibus venerimus et praesidia in singulas urbes dimittamus.
After there had been silence for a little while, Marcius said, "I think we are expected to reply to your letter which you sent to Corcyra, in which you ask why we commissioners have come with soldiers and are sending garrisons into individual cities.
§42.40.2ad hanc interrogationem tuam et non respondere, vereor, ne superbum sit, et vera respondere ne nimis acerbum audienti tibi videatur.
To this question of yours, I fear both that not to reply may seem haughty, and that to reply with the truth may seem too harsh to you as you listen.
§42.40.3sed cum aut verbis castigandus aut armis sit, qui foedus rumpit, sicut bellum adversus te alii quam mihi mandatum malim, ita orationis acerbitatem adversus hospitem, utcumque est, subibo, sicut medici, cum salutis causa tristiora remedia adhibent.
But since he who breaks a treaty must be chastised either by words or by arms, just as I would prefer that the war against you be entrusted to someone other than me, so I will undergo the harshness of speech against a guest, however it may be, just as physicians, when for the sake of health they apply harsher remedies.
§42.40.4ex quo regnum adeptus es, unam rem te, quae facienda fuerit, senatus fecisse censet, quod legatos Romam ad renovandum foedus miseris, quod tamen ipsum tibi non fuisse renovandum iudicat potius quam, cum renovatum esset, violandum.
Since you obtained the kingdom, the senate judges that you have done only one thing which ought to have been done, namely, that you sent ambassadors to Rome to renew the treaty; which, however, it judges ought not to have been renewed by you, rather than being violated after it had been renewed.
§42.40.5Abrupolim, socium atque amicum populi Romani, regno expulisti; Arthetauri interfectores, ut caede, ne quid ultra dicam, te laetatum appareret, recepisti, qui omnium Illyriorum fidissimum Romanis regulum occiderant; §42.40.6per Thessaliam et Maliensem agrum cum exercitu contra foedus Delphos isti; Byzantiis item contra foedus misisti auxilia; cum Boeotis, sociis nostris, secretam tibi ipsi societatem, quam non licebat, iureiurando pepigisti; §42.40.7Thebanos legatos, Euersam et Callicritum, venientis ad nos, quaerere malo, quis interfecerit, quam arguere.
You expelled Abrupolis, an ally and friend of the Roman people, from his kingdom; you received the murderers of Arthauturus—so that it might appear that you rejoiced in the murder, not to say anything more—who had killed the petty king most faithful to the Romans of all the Illyrians; you went with an army through Thessaly and the Malian territory to Delphi against the treaty; you likewise sent aid to the Byzantines against the treaty; you struck by oath a secret alliance for yourself with the Boeotians, our allies, which was not permitted; as for the Theban ambassadors, Euersas and Callicritus, who were coming to us, I prefer to ask who killed them, rather than to accuse you.
in Aetolia bellum intestinum et caedes principum per quos, nisi per tuos, factae videri possunt?
In Aetolia, by whom else than your men can the civil war and the slaughter of the leading men be seen to have been made?
§42.40.8Dolopes a te ipso evastati sunt.
The Dolopians were thoroughly devastated by yourself.
Eumenes rex, ab Roma cum in regnum rediret, prope ut victuma Delphis in sacrato loco ante aras mactatus, quem insimulet, piget referre; §42.40.9quae hospes Brundisinus occulta facinora indicet, certum habeo et scripta tibi omnia ab Roma esse et legatos renuntiasse tuos.
As for King Eumenes, when he was returning to his kingdom from Rome, having been almost slaughtered like a victim at Delphi in a sacred place before the altars, it causes me pain to report whom he accuses; as to what secret crimes the Brundisian host reveals, I hold it certain both that all things have been written to you from Rome and that your ambassadors have reported them.
§42.40.10haec ne dicerentur a me, uno modo vitare potuisti, non quaerendo, quam ob causam exercitus in Macedoniam traicerentur, aut praesidia in sociorum urbes mitteremus.
You could have avoided these things being said by me in one way only, by not asking why the armies were being crossed over into Macedonia, or why we were sending garrisons into the cities of the allies.
quaerenti tibi superbius tacuissemus, quam vera respondimus.
If we had kept silent to you as you asked, we would have been more haughty than we are in replying with the truth.
§42.40.11equidem pro paterno nostro hospitio faveo orationi tuae et opto, ut aliquid mihi materiae praebeas agendae tuae apud senatum causae. ”
Indeed, on account of our paternal guest-friendship, I favor your speech and wish that you may provide me with some material for pleading your case before the senate."

Notes

  1. 42.40.2non respondere... vera respondere — Noun-use of infinitives, serving as the actual subjects of the subjunctive verbs (`superbum sit`, `acerbum... videatur`) introduced by the following `vereor ne`.
  2. 42.40.4tibi non fuisse renovandum — `tibi` is the dative of agent accompanying the gerundive (`renovandum`). `fuisse renovandum` is the perfect infinitive of the passive gerundive periphrastic conjugation, representing the past judgment of the senate that "it ought not to have been renewed".
  3. 42.40.8piget referre — `piget` is an impersonal verb that takes the infinitive `referre` as its subject ("it causes pain to report"). The object of `referre` is the indirect question clause `quem insimulet`.
  4. 42.40.10tacuissemus — Subjunctive pluperfect, serving as the apodosis of a contrary-to-fact conditional sentence whose protasis is not explicitly expressed. The condition is implicitly contained in the dative of the present participle `quaerenti` ("if we had kept silent to you asking").

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §42.40.1-42.40.11. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:42.40.1-42.40.11

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