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Livy · History of Rome §40.21.1-40.21.11

Philip's Expedition to Mount Haemus and Demetrius's Dismissal

Passage 1524 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Philip marches his army and attempts to climb Mount Haemus to survey the strategic landscape; during this expedition, he sends his younger son Demetrius back to Macedonia under the guise of safety, placing him under the surveillance of Didas, an accomplice of Perseus.

§40.21.1Philippus, simul ne otio miles deterior fieret, simul avertendae suspicionis causa quicquam a se agitari de Romano bello, Stobos Paeoniae exercitu indicto in Maedicam ducere pergit.
Philip, both to prevent his soldiers from deteriorating through idleness, and at the same time to avert the suspicion that he was planning anything regarding a war with Rome, having summoned his army to Stobi in Paeonia, proceeded to lead them into Maedica.
§40.21.2cupido eum ceperat in verticem Haemi montis ascendendi, quia vulgatae opinioni crediderat Ponticum simul et Hadriaticum mare et Histrum amnem et Alpes conspici posse: subiecta oculis ea haud parvi sibi momenti futura ad cogitationem Romani belli.
A desire had seized him to ascend to the summit of Mount Haemus, because he had believed the widely spread opinion that the Pontic and Adriatic seas, the river Hister, and the Alps could be seen at the same time: that these things, presented to his eyes, would be of no small importance to him for planning the war with Rome.
§40.21.3percunctatus regionis peritos de ascensu Haemi, cum satis inter omnes constaret viam exercitui nullam esse, paucis et expeditis per difficillimum aditum, §40.21.4ut sermone familiari minorem filium permulceret, quem statuerat non ducere secum, primum quaerit ab eo, cum tanta difficultas itineris proponatur, utrum perseverandum sit in incepto an abstinendum.
Having questioned those familiar with the region about the ascent of Haemus, since it was sufficiently agreed among everyone that there was no path for an army, but for a few light-armed men there was a way through a very difficult approach, in order to soothe his younger son with familiar conversation, whom he had decided not to take with him, he first asked him, since such great difficulty of the journey was set before them, whether they must persevere in the undertaking or abstain.
§40.21.5si pergat tamen ire, non posse oblivisci se in talibus rebus Antigoni, qui saeva tempestate iactatus, cum in eadem nave secum suos omnes habuisset, praecepisse liberis diceretur, ut et ipsi meminissent et ita posteris proderent, ne quis cum tota gente simul in rebus dubiis periclitari auderet.
If he should nevertheless proceed to go, he said he could not forget, in such circumstances, Antigonus, who, tossed by a fierce storm when he had had all his family with him in the same ship, was said to have instructed his children that they themselves should remember and thus hand down to posterity, that no one should dare to risk his whole race at once in doubtful circumstances.
§40.21.6memorem ergo se praecepti eius duos simul filios non commissurum in aleam eius, qui proponeretur, casus; et quoniam maiorem filium secum duceret, minoren ad subsidia spei et custodiam regni remissurum in Macedoniam esse.
Therefore, mindful of that precept, he would not commit both his sons at once to the hazard of the chance that was proposed; and since he was taking his older son with him, he would send the younger back to Macedonia, as a reserve of hope and for the custody of the kingdom.
§40.21.7non fallebat Demetrium ablegari se, ne adesset consilio, cum in conspectu locorum consultarent, quae proxime itinera ad mare Hadriaticum atque Italiam ducerent, quaeque ratio belli esset futura.
It did not escape Demetrius that he was being sent away so that he might not be present at the council, when, in view of the places, they should consult which routes led most directly to the Adriatic Sea and Italy, and what the plan of war would be.
sed non solum parendum patri, §40.21.8sed etiam adsentiendum erat, ne invitum parere suspicionem faceret.
But he had not only to obey his father, but also to agree, lest his obeying unwillingly should cause suspicion.
§40.21.9ut tamen iter ei tutum in Macedoniam esset, Didas ex praetoribus regiis unus, qui Paeoniae praeerat, iussus est prosequi eum cum modico praesidio.
However, so that his journey to Macedonia might be safe, Didas, one of the royal governors, who was in charge of Paeonia, was ordered to escort him with a moderate guard.
hunc quoque Perseus, §40.21.10sicut plerosque patris amicorum, ex quo haud cuiquam dubium esse coeperat, ad quem regis animo ita inclinato hereditas regni pertineret, inter coniuratos in fratris perniciem habuit.
Perseus also held this man, just as he did most of his father's friends, from the time when it had begun to be doubtful to no one to whom, with the king's mind being so inclined, the inheritance of the kingdom belonged, among those who conspired for his brother's destruction.
§40.21.11in praesentia dat ei mandata, ut per omne obsequium insinuaret se in quam maxime familiarem usum, ut elicere omnia arcana specularique abditos eius sensus posset.
For the present he gave him instructions that through every compliance he should worm himself into the closest intimacy, so that he might elicit all secrets and spy out his hidden feelings.
ita digreditur Demetrius cum infestioribus, quam si solus iret, praesidiis.
Thus Demetrius departed with guards more hostile than if he were going alone.

Notes

  1. 40.21.1avertendae suspicionis causa quicquam a se agitari de Romano bello — The accusative with infinitive clause 'quicquam ... agitari' functions as an appositive clause explaining the content of 'suspicionis', meaning 'to avert the suspicion that anything was being planned by him regarding a war with Rome'.
  2. 40.21.2subiecta oculis ea haud parvi sibi momenti futura ad cogitationem Romani belli — The pronoun 'ea' (neuter plural, referring to the seas, river, and Alps) combined with 'subiecta oculis' acts as the subject of the future infinitive 'futura [esse]' (with 'esse' omitted), continuing the indirect discourse dependent on 'crediderat'. 'haud parvi momenti' is a genitive of value or quality, meaning 'of no small importance'.
  3. 40.21.3viam exercitui nullam esse, paucis et expeditis per difficillimum aditum — An elliptical contrast where 'viam esse' is implied after the dative 'paucis et expeditis', contrasting with 'viam exercitui nullam esse'. It means 'that there was no way for an army, [but] for a few light-armed men [there was a way] through a very difficult approach'.
  4. 40.21.7non fallebat Demetrium ablegari se — The verb 'fallebat' is used impersonally with the accusative object 'Demetrium'. The accusative and infinitive clause 'ablegari se' (that he was being sent away) functions as the subject, conveying the meaning 'it did not escape Demetrius that he was being sent away' (i.e., he was well aware of it).

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §40.21.1-40.21.11. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:40.21.1-40.21.11

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