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Livy · History of Rome §35.50.1-35.50.11

Achaean War Declaration and Troop Movements to Chalcis

Passage 1279 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The Achaeans align with Rome to declare war on Antiochus and the Aetolians, sending reinforcements to Chalcis. Antiochus mobilizes his forces to block the advance, forcing the arriving Roman troops to divert their route toward Delium.

§35.50.1nec absurde adversus utrosque respondisse visus est, et facile erat orationem apud faventis aequis auribus accipi.
And he was seen to have replied not without skill against both, and it was easy for his speech to be received with favorable ears among those who were supportive.
§35.50.2nulla enim nec disceptatio nec dubitatio fuit, quin omnes eosdem genti Achaeorum hostes et amicos, quos populus Romanus censuisset, iudicarent, bellumque et Antiocho et Aetolis nuntiari iuberent.
For there was indeed no debate nor hesitation but that all should judge the same persons as enemies and friends for the Achaean nation whom the Roman people had determined, and should order war to be declared against both Antiochus and the Aetolians.
§35.50.3auxilia etiam, quo censuit Quinctius, quingentorum militum Chalcidem, quingentorum Piraeum extemplo miserunt.
They also immediately sent auxiliary forces, to where Quinctius suggested, of five hundred soldiers to Chalcis, and five hundred to Piraeus.
§35.50.4erat enim haud procul seditione Athenis res trahentibus ad Antiochum quibusdam spe largitionum venalem pretio multitudinem, donec ab iis, qui Romanae partis erant, Quinctius est accitus, et accusante Leonte quodam Apollodorus auctor defectionis damnatus atque in exilium est eiectus.
For the situation at Athens was not far from sedition, with certain persons drawing the multitude, which was corruptible by money through the hope of largesses, toward Antiochus, until Quinctius was summoned by those who were of the Roman party, and upon the accusation of a certain Leon, Apollodorus, the instigator of the defection, was condemned and driven into exile.
§35.50.5et ab Achaeis quidem cum tristi responso legatio ad regem rediit; Boeoti nihil certi responderunt: cum Antiochus in Boeotiam venisset, tum, quid sibi faciundum esset, se deliberaturos esse.
And indeed the embassy returned to the king from the Achaeans with a grim reply; the Boeotians gave no certain answer, saying that when Antiochus had come into Boeotia, they would then deliberate on what they ought to do.
§35.50.6Antiochus cum ad Chalcidis praesidium et Achaeos et Eumenem regem misisse audisset, maturandum ratus, ut et praevenirent sui et venientis, si possent, exciperent, §35.50.7Menippum cum tribus ferme milibus militum et omni classe Polyxenidan mittit, ipse paucos post dies sex milia suorum militum et ex ea copia, quae Lamiae repente colligi potuit, non ita multos Aetolos ducit.
When Antiochus had heard that both the Achaeans and King Eumenes had sent [forces] for the defense of Chalcis, thinking that he must make haste, so that his own men might both forestall them and, if they could, intercept those who were coming, he sent Menippum with about three thousand soldiers, and Polyxenidas with the entire fleet; he himself, a few days later, led six thousand of his own soldiers and, from that force which could be hastily assembled at Lamia, not so very many Aetolians.
§35.50.8Achaei quingentiet ab Eumene rege modicum auxilium missum duce Xenoclide Chalcidensi nondum obsessis itineribus tuto transgressi Euripum Chalcidem pervenerunt; §35.50.9Romani milites, quingenti ferme et ipsi, cum iam Menippus castra ante Salganea ad Hermaeum, qua transitus ex Boeotia in Euboeam insulam est, §35.50.10haberet, venerunt.
Five hundred Achaeans and a moderate auxiliary force sent by King Eumenes, under the leadership of Xenoclides of Chalcis, since the roads were not yet blocked, crossed the Euripus safely and reached Chalcis; The Roman soldiers, they too being about five hundred, arrived when Menippum already had his camp before Salganeus near the Hermaeum, where the passage from Boeotia into the island of Euboea is.
Micythio erat cum iis, legatus ab Chalcide ad Quinctium ad id ipsum praesidium petendum missus.
Micythio was with them, an envoy sent from Chalcis to Quinctius for the purpose of requesting this very protection.
§35.50.11qui, postquam ab hostibus obsessas fauces vidit, omisso ad Aulidem itinere Delium convertit, ut inde in Euboeam transmissurus.
He, after he saw the pass blocked by the enemy, abandoning the march to Aulis, turned toward Delium, intending to cross from there into Euboea.

Notes

  1. 35.50.1faventis — The accusative plural form of the present participle favens (the archaic spelling -is corresponds to -es), used substantively to mean 'those who are supportive' and serving as the object of the preposition apud.
  2. 35.50.2quin — Introduced by an expression of absence of doubt or debate (nulla... dubitatio fuit), this conjunction takes the subjunctive (iudicarent, iuberent) to form a clause expressing the substance of the undisputed decision.
  3. 35.50.4trahentibus ad Antiochum quibusdam spe largitionum venalem pretio multitudinem — An ablative absolute construction formed by quibusdam and the present participle trahentibus, meaning 'with certain persons drawing...'. The noun phrase venalem... multitudinem (the corruptible multitude) is the direct object of the participle trahentibus in the accusative case.
  4. 35.50.6sui et venientis — sui is a nominative plural reflexive pronoun ('his own men') acting as the subject of the clause ut... praevenirent. venientis is an archaic accusative plural form of the present participle venientes ('those who were coming'), serving as the direct object of the verb exciperent.
  5. 35.50.11transmissurus — A future active participle in the nominative singular (agreeing with the subject Micythio) used with ut to express the intention or purpose ('intending to cross') relative to the action of the main verb.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §35.50.1-35.50.11. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:35.50.1-35.50.11

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