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Livy · History of Rome §35.13.1-35.13.10

Aggression of Nabis and Eumenes Urging War

Passage 1242 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Despite the Aetolian instigation, the kings moved slowly, but Nabis acted alone, prompting the Achaeans to intervene. Meanwhile, Antiochus moved to Ephesus, and Roman envoys visited Eumenes in Pergamum, who eagerly encouraged war against Antiochus.

§35.13.1et reges tamen aut non moti aut tardius moti sunt; Nabis extemplo circa omnis maritimos vicos dimisit ad seditiones in iis miscendas, et alios principum donis ad suam causam perduxit, alios pertinaciter in societate Romana manentis occidit.
And yet the kings were either not moved or moved too slowly; Nabis immediately sent around to all the maritime villages to stir up sedition in them, and some of the leading men he won over to his cause with gifts, others who persistently remained in the Roman alliance he put to death.
§35.13.2Achaeis omnium maritimorum Laconum tuendorum a T. Quinctio cura mandata erat.
The care of protecting all the maritime Laconians had been entrusted to the Achaeans by T. Quinctius.
itaque extemplo et ad tyrannum legatos miserunt, §35.13.3qui admonerent foederis Romani denuntiarentque, ne pacem, quam tantopere petisset, turbaret, et auxilia ad Gytheum, quod iam oppugnabatur ab tyranno, et Romam, qui ea nuntiarent, legatos miserunt.
Therefore, they immediately sent envoys to the tyrant, who should remind him of the Roman treaty and warn him not to disturb the peace which he had so eagerly sought, and they sent reinforcements to Gytheum, which was already being besieged by the tyrant, and envoys to Rome to report these matters.
§35.13.4Antiochus rex, ea hieme Raphiae in Phoenice Ptolomaeo regi Aegypti filia in matrimonium data, cum Antiochiam se recepisset, per Ciliciam Tauro monte superato extremo iam hiemis Ephesum pervenit; §35.13.5inde principio veris, Antiocho filio misso in Syriam ad custodiam ultimarum partium regni, ne quid absente se ab tergo moveretur, ipse cum omnibus terrestribus copiis ad Pisidas, qui circa Sidam incolunt, §35.13.6oppugnandos est profectus.
King Antiochus, having given his daughter in marriage to King Ptolemy of Egypt at Raphia in Phoenicia during that winter, when he had returned to Antioch, crossed Mount Taurus through Cilicia and arrived at Ephesus at the very end of winter; thence, at the beginning of spring, having sent his son Antiochus into Syria for the protection of the farthest parts of the kingdom, lest any move should be made from behind in his absence, he himself set out with all the land forces to attack the Pisidians, who dwell around Sida.
eo tempore legati Romani P. Sulpicius et P. Villius, qui ad Antiochum, sicut ante dictum est, missi erant, iussi prius Eumenem adire Elaeam venere; inde Pergamum — ibi regia Eumenis fuit — escenderunt.
At that time the Roman envoys, P. Sulpicius and P. Villius, who had been sent to Antiochus, as has been said before, having been ordered to visit Eumenes first, came to Elaea; thence they went up to Pergamum—there was the palace of Eumenes.
§35.13.7cupidus belli adversus Antiochum Eumenes erat, gravem, si pax esset, accolam tanto potentiorem regem credens, eundem, si motum bellum esset, non magis parem Romanis fore, quam Philippus fuisset, §35.13.8et aut funditus sublatum iri, aut, si pax victo daretur, multa illi detracta sibi accessura, ut facile deinde se ab eo sine ullo auxilio Romano tueri posset.
Eumenes was eager for war against Antiochus, believing that, if there were peace, so powerful a king would be a dangerous neighbor, but that, if war were stirred up, he would be no more of a match for the Romans than Philip had been, and would either be utterly destroyed, or, if peace were granted to him when vanquished, many things taken from him would accrue to himself, so that he could then easily protect himself from him without any Roman help.
§35.13.9etiam si quid adversi casurum foret, satius esse Romanis sociis quamcumque fortunam subire, §35.13.10quam solum aut imperium pati Antiochi aut abnuentem vi atque armis cogi; ob haec, quantum auctoritate, quantum consilio valebat, incitabat Romanos ad bellum.
Even if some adversity should happen, it was better to undergo any fortune as allies of the Romans, than either to endure the rule of Antiochus alone or to be compelled by force and arms if refusing; for these reasons, with all the authority and counsel he possessed, he was inciting the Romans to war.

Notes

  1. 35.13.1dimisit — The direct object of the transitive verb dimittere (such as messengers or envoys) is omitted, meaning "he sent [messengers] around."
  2. 35.13.3qui ea nuntiarent — The relative pronoun qui introduces a clause with the subjunctive nuntiarent to express purpose, meaning "who should report these things" or "to report these things."
  3. 35.13.4filia in matrimonium data — An ablative absolute construction formed with the noun filia and the perfect participle data, indicating time or attendant circumstance ("after his daughter had been given in marriage").
  4. 35.13.7non magis parem Romanis fore — Part of the accusative-with-infinitive (A.c.I.) construction introduced by credens. The subject accusative is eundem (the same king, i.e., Antiochus), and fore (future infinitive) expresses a future expectation ("would be").

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §35.13.1-35.13.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:35.13.1-35.13.10

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