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Livy · History of Rome §33.20.1-33.20.13

Rhodian Warning to Antiochus and the Protection of Allied Cities

Passage 1138 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The Rhodians send an ultimatum to Antiochus III not to advance beyond Cape Chelidoniae, citing an ancient treaty. Upon hearing of Philip's defeat at Cynoscephalae, they abandon their military confrontation with Antiochus but continue to protect the freedom of Ptolemy's allied cities.

§33.20.1multa egregie Rhodii pro fide erga populum Romanum proque universo nomine Graecorum terra marique ausi sunt, §33.20.2nihil magnificentius, quam quod ea tempestate, non territi tanta mole inminentis belli, legatos ad regem miserunt, ne Chelidonias — promunturium Ciliciae est inclutum foedere antiquo Atheniensium cum regibus Persarum — superaret: si eo fine non contineret classem copiasque suas, §33.20.3se obviam ituros, non ab odio ullo, sed ne coniungi eum Philippo paterentur et impedimento esse Romanis liberantibus Graeciam.
The Rhodians, out of loyalty toward the Roman people and for the collective name of the Greeks, dared many excellent deeds by land and sea; nothing was more magnificent than that at that time, not terrified by so great a mass of imminent war, they sent ambassadors to the king [asking] him not to pass Chelidoniae—which is a promontory of Cilicia, famous for the ancient treaty of the Athenians with the kings of the Persians—stating that if he did not keep his fleet and forces within that boundary, they would go to meet him, not from any hatred, but lest they should allow him to join with Philip and be a hindrance to the Romans who were liberating Greece.
§33.20.4Coracesium eo tempore Antiochus operibus oppugnabat, Zephyrio et Solis et Aphrodisiade et Coryco et superato Anemurio — promunturium id quoque Ciliciae est — Selinunte recepto.
At that time Antiochus was besieging Coracesium with siege works, having received Zephyrium, Soli, Aphrodisias, and Corycus, and having passed Anemurium—this too is a promontory of Cilicia—and received Selinus.
§33.20.5omnibus his aliisque eius orae castellis aut metu aut voluntate sine certamine in dicionem acceptis, Coracesium praeter spem clausis portis tenebat eum.
Although all these and other fortresses of that coast had been received into submission without a contest, either through fear or voluntarily, Coracesium contrary to expectation held him at bay with closed gates.
§33.20.6ibi legati Rhodiorum auditi.
There the ambassadors of the Rhodians were heard.
et quamquam ea legatio erat, §33.20.7quae accendere regium animum posset, temperavit irae et legatos se Rhodum missurum respondit iisque mandaturum, ut renovarent vetusta iura cum ea civitate sua maiorumque suorum et vetarent eos pertimescere adventum regis: nihil aut iis aut sociis eorum noxiae futurum fraudive; §33.20.8nam Romanorum amicitiam se non violaturum, argumento et suam recentem ad eos legationem esse et senatus honorifica in se decreta responsaque.
And although that embassy was of such a kind as might have inflamed the king's mind, he restrained his anger and replied that he would send ambassadors to Rhodes, and would instruct them to renew the ancient rights with that state, both his own and those of his ancestors, and bid them not to fear the arrival of the king: that there would be no harm or detriment to either themselves or their allies; for he would not violate the friendship of the Romans, as proof of which was both his own recent embassy to them and the honorable decrees and responses of the senate toward him.
§33.20.9tum forte legati redierant ab Roma comiter auditi dimissique, ut tempus postulabat, §33.20.10incerto adhuc adversus Philippum eventu belli.
By chance at that time the ambassadors had returned from Rome, having been courteously heard and dismissed, as the time required, while the outcome of the war against Philip was still uncertain.
cum haec legati regis in contione Rhodiorum agerent, nuntius venit debellatum ad Cynoscephalas esse.
While the king's ambassadors were treating these matters in the assembly of the Rhodians, a messenger came with the news that the war had been brought to an end at Cynoscephalae.
hoc nuntio accepto Rhodii dempto metu a Philippo omiserunt consilium obviam eundi classe Antiocho; §33.20.11illam alteram curam non omiserunt tuendae libertatis civitatum sociarum Ptolomaei, quibus bellum ab Antiocho imminebat.
Upon receiving this message, the Rhodians, their fear of Philip being removed, abandoned the design of going to meet Antiochus with their fleet; they did not, however, abandon that other care of protecting the liberty of the allied cities of Ptolemy, which were threatened with war by Antiochus.
§33.20.12nam alias auxiliis iuverunt, alias providendo ac praemonendo conatus hostis, causaque libertatis fuerunt Cauniis, Myndiis, Halicarnassensibus Samiisque.
For some they aided with auxiliary forces, others by foreseeing and forewarning them of the enemy's attempts, and they were the cause of liberty for the Caunians, Myndians, Halicarnassians, and Samians.
§33.20.13non operae est persequi, ut quaeque acta in his locis sint, cum ad ea, quae propria Romani belli sunt, vix sufficiam.
It is not worth the trouble to relate how each thing was done in these places, since I am scarcely sufficient for those things which are proper to the Roman war.

Notes

  1. 33.20.2nihil magnificentius, quam quod — The main verb 'fuit' is omitted in this comparative structure. 'quod' is not a relative pronoun but a conjunction introducing a noun clause ('the fact that...'), which stands as the subject of comparison after 'quam' following 'nihil magnificentius'.
  2. 33.20.7temperavit irae — The verb 'tempero' governs the accusative when meaning 'to mix, regulate', but takes the dative (here 'irae') when meaning 'to restrain, control' (one's feelings or passion).
  3. 33.20.8argumento — A dative of purpose or tendency (predicative dative). It functions within an implied double dative structure ('argumento esse', 'to serve as proof'). The following accusative and infinitive clauses introduced by 'et... et...' serve as the subject.
  4. 33.20.13non operae est — An abbreviated form of the common idiom 'non operae pretium est' ('it is not worth the trouble'). The genitive 'operae' functions here as a genitive of value or characteristic.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §33.20.1-33.20.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:33.20.1-33.20.13

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