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Livy · History of Rome §33.13.1-33.13.15

Philip's Concessions and the Dispute over Thebes

Passage 1131 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

King Philip agreed to almost all terms of peace in the conference, leaving the rest to the senate, but a fierce dispute arose between the Roman commander Quinctius and the Aetolians regarding the restoration of Thebes.

§33.13.1hoc dimisso concilio postero die rex ad fauces, §33.13.2quae ferunt in Tempe — is datus erat locus conloquio —, venit; tertio die datur ei Romanorum ac sociorum frequens concilium.
After this council was dismissed, on the following day the king came to the pass which leads into Tempe — this had been the place assigned for the conference —; on the third day, a full council of the Romans and the allies was granted to him.
§33.13.3ibi Philippus perquam prudenter iis, sine quibus pax impetrari non poterat, sua potius voluntate omissis quam altercando extorquerentur, §33.13.4quae priore conloquio aut imperata a Romanis aut postulata ab sociis essent, omnia se concedere, de ceteris senatui permissurum dixit.
There Philip, acting extremely wisely, by voluntarily giving up those things without which peace could not be obtained, rather than having them extorted from him by disputing, declared that he conceded all those things which had either been commanded by the Romans or demanded by the allies in the previous conference, and that he would leave the other matters to the senate.
§33.13.5quamquam vel inimicissimis omnibus praeclusisse vocem videbatur Phaeneas tamen Aetolus cunctis tacentibus “quid?
Although he seemed to have shut the mouths of even the most hostile of all, nevertheless Phaeneas the Aetolian, while all others were silent, said: "What?
§33.13.6nobis” inquit, “Philippe, reddisne tandem Pharsalum et Larisam Cremasten et Echinum et Thebas Phthias?” §33.13.7cum Philippus nihil morari diceret, quo minus reciperent, disceptatio inter imperatorem Romanum et Aetolos orta est de Thebis; §33.13.8nam eas populi Romani iure belli factas esse Quinctius dicebat, quod integris rebus, exercitu ab se admoto, vocati in amicitiam, cum potestas libera desciscendi ab rege esset, regiam societatem Romanae praeposuissent;
Philip, do you at last restore to us Pharsalus, Larisa Cremaste, Echinus, and Phthiotic Thebes?" When Philip said that he would not delay their recovering them at all, a dispute arose between the Roman commander and the Aetolians concerning Thebes; for Quinctius said that they had become the property of the Roman people by the law of war, because when matters were still undecided, and his army had been brought up, they had been invited into friendship, but though they had the free power of revolting from the king, they had preferred the royal alliance to the Roman.
§33.13.9Phaeneas et pro societate belli, quae ante bellum habuissent, restitui Aetolis aecum censebat et ita in foedere primo cautum esse, §33.13.10ut belli praeda rerum, quae ferri agique possent, Romanos, ager urbesque captae Aetolos sequerentur.
Phaeneas, on the other hand, deemed it just that what they had possessed before the war should be restored to the Aetolians in accordance with the alliance of the war, and that it had been so provided in the first treaty, namely, that the booty of war consisting of things that could be carried and driven should fall to the Romans, while the captured land and cities should follow the Aetolians.
§33.13.11“vos” inquit “ipsi” Quinctius “societatis istius leges rupistis, quo tempore relictis nobis cum Philippo pacem fecistis.
"You yourselves," Quinctius said, "broke the laws of that alliance at the time when you abandoned us and made peace with Philip.
§33.13.12quae si maneret, captarum tamen urbium illa lex foret; Thessaliae civitates sua voluntate in dicionem nostram venerunt. ” §33.13.13haec cum omnium sociorum adsensu dicta Aetolis non in praesentia modo gravia auditu, sed mox etiam belli causa magnarumque ex eo cladium iis fuerunt.
Even if it were still in force, that law would nevertheless apply to captured cities; but the states of Thessaly came under our sway of their own free will." These words, spoken with the assent of all the allies, were not only painful for the Aetolians to hear at the present, but were soon also the cause of war and of great disasters for them resulting from it.
§33.13.14cum Philippo ita convenit, ut Demetrium filium et quosdam ex amicorum numero obsides et ducenta talenta daret, de ceteris Romam mitteret legatos; ad eam rem quattuor mensum indutiae essent.
An agreement was made with Philip on these terms: that he should give his son Demetrius and certain of his friends as hostages, and two hundred talents, and send ambassadors to Rome concerning the other matters; for this purpose there should be a truce of four months.
§33.13.15si pax non impetrata ab senatu foret, obsides pecuniamque reddi Philippo receptum est, causa Romano imperatori non alia maior fuisse dicitur maturandae pacis, quam quod Antiochum bellum transitumque in Europam moliri constabat.
It was agreed that if peace were not obtained from the senate, the hostages and the money should be restored to Philip; and no other greater cause is said to have existed for the Roman commander to hasten the peace than that it was well known that Antiochus was planning war and a passage into Europe.

Notes

  1. 33.13.3extorquerentur — Imperfect subjunctive. Introduced by the comparative phrase 'potius ... quam' to express an anticipated and undesirable alternative ('rather than being extorted') which the subject wishes to avoid.
  2. 33.13.8integris rebus — Ablative absolute consisting of the noun 'res' and the adjective 'integer', meaning 'while matters were still untouched or undecided', referring to a stage before any hostile action or decisive event had taken place.
  3. 33.13.15dicitur — A personal construction of 'dicitur' ('is said') with the nominative infinitive 'fuisse' (nominative with infinitive). Although translated impersonally as 'it is said that...', grammatically it agrees with the subject 'causa'.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §33.13.1-33.13.15. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:33.13.1-33.13.15

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