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Livy · History of Rome §32.8.1-32.8.16

Assignment of Provinces and King Attalus's Embassy

Passage 1085 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

This chunk outlines the allocation of provinces and recruitment of troops under the new consuls, alongside a request from King Attalus's envoys for protection against King Antiochus and the senate's diplomatic response.

§32.8.1Sex. Aelius Paetus T. Quinctius Flamininus magistratu inito senatum in Capitolio cum habuissent, decreverunt patres, ut provincias Macedoniam atque Italiam consules compararent inter se sortirenturve; §32.8.2utri eorum Macedonia evenisset, in supplementum legionum tria milia militum Romanorum scriberet et trecentos equites, item sociorum Latini nominis quinque milia peditum, quingentos equites.
When Sextus Aelius Paetus and Titus Quinctius Flamininus, having entered upon their magistracy, had held the senate on the Capitol, the fathers decreed that the consuls should arrange between themselves or draw lots for the provinces of Macedonia and Italy; whichever of them Macedonia should fall to, should enlist, as a supplement to the legions, three thousand Roman soldiers and three hundred cavalry, and likewise of the allies of the Latin name five thousand infantry and five hundred cavalry.
§32.8.3alteri consuli novus omnis exercitus decretus.
To the other consul a completely new army was decreed.
L. Lentulo, prioris anni consuli, prorogatum imperium, vetitusque aut ipse provincia decedere prius aut veterem deducere exercitum, quam cum legionibus novis consul venisset.
For Lucius Lentulus, the consul of the preceding year, his command was prolonged, and he was forbidden either himself to leave the province earlier, or to withdraw the old army, before the consul had arrived with the new legions.
§32.8.4sortiti consules provincias; Aelio Italia, Quinctio Macedonia evenit.
The consuls drew lots for the provinces; Italy fell to Aelius, Macedonia to Quinctius.
§32.8.5praetores L. Cornelius Merula urbanam, M. Claudius Siciliam, M. Porcius Sardiniam, C. §32.8.6Helvius Galliam est sortitus.
The praetors drew lots: Lucius Cornelius Merula for the urban jurisdiction, Marcus Claudius for Sicily, Marcus Porcius for Sardinia, Gaius Helvius for Gaul.
dilectus inde haberi est coeptus; nam praeter consulares exercitus praetoribus quoque iussi scribere milites erant, §32.8.7Marcello in Siciliam quattuor milia peditum socium et Latini nominis et trecentos equites, Catoni in Sardiniam ex eodem genere militum duo milia peditum, ducentos equites, §32.8.8ita ut ii praetores ambo, cum in provincias venissent, veteres dimitterent pedites equitesque.
Then the levy began to be held; for besides the consular armies, the praetors also had been ordered to enlist soldiers, namely, Marcellus for Sicily four thousand infantry of the allies and Latin name and three hundred cavalry, Cato for Sardinia from the same kind of soldiers two thousand infantry and two hundred cavalry, on the condition that both these praetors, when they had arrived in their provinces, should dismiss the old infantry and cavalry.
§32.8.9Attali deinde regis legatos in senatum consules introduxerunt.
Then the consuls introduced the ambassadors of King Attalus into the senate.
ii regem classe sua copiisque omnibus terra marique rem Romanam iuvare quaeque imperarent Romani consules, impigre atque oboedienter ad eam diem fecisse cum exposuissent, vereri dixerunt, §32.8.10ne id praestare ei per Antiochum regem ultra non liceret; vacuum namque praesidiis navalibus terrestribusque regnum Attali Antiochum invasisse.
When they had explained that the king had assisted the Roman cause with his fleet and all his forces by land and sea, and had energetically and obediently done whatever the Roman consuls commanded up to that day, they said they feared lest it should no longer be permitted him to afford this because of King Antiochus; for Antiochus had invaded the kingdom of Attalus, which was empty of naval and land garrisons.
§32.8.11itaque Attalum orare patres conscriptos, si sua classi suaque opera uti ad Macedonicum bellum vellent, mitterent ipsi praesidium ad regnum eius tutandum; si id nollent, ipsum ad sua defendenda cum classe ac reliquis copiis redire paterentur.
Therefore, they said, Attalus begged the conscript fathers that, if they wished to use his fleet and his assistance for the Macedonian war, they themselves should send a garrison to protect his kingdom; if they did not wish that, they should allow him to return with his fleet and the remaining forces to defend his own possessions.
§32.8.12senatus legatis ita responderi iussit: quod rex Attalus classe copiisque aliis duces Romanos iuvisset, id gratum senatui esse; §32.8.13auxilia nec ipsos missuros Attalo adversus Antiochum, socium et amicum populi Romani, nec Attali auxilia retenturos ultra, quam regi commodum esset; §32.8.14semper populum Romanum alienis rebus arbitrio alieno usum; et principium et finem in potestatem ipsorum, qui ope sua velint adiutos Romanos, esse; §32.8.15legatos ad Antiochum missuros, qui nuntient Attali naviumque eius et militum opera adversus Philippum communem hostem uti populum Romanum; §32.8.16gratum eum facturum senatui, si regno Attali abstineat belloque absistat; aequum esse socios et amicos populi Romani reges inter se quoque ipsos pacem servare.
The senate ordered that it be answered to the ambassadors: that as for the fact that King Attalus had assisted the Roman generals with his fleet and other forces, that was pleasing to the senate; they themselves would neither send auxiliary forces to Attalus against Antiochus, an ally and friend of the Roman people, nor would they retain the auxiliary forces of Attalus longer than was convenient for the king; that the Roman people had always used the property of others at the discretion of others; and that both the beginning and the end were in the power of those themselves who wished the Romans to be aided by their help; they would send ambassadors to Antiochus to announce that the Roman people were using the assistance of Attalus and his ships and soldiers against Philip, their common enemy; that he would do what was pleasing to the senate if he should abstain from the kingdom of Attalus and desist from war; that it was fair that kings who were allies and friends of the Roman people should themselves also keep peace among each other.

Notes

  1. §32.8.1compararent inter se sortirenturve — The imperfect subjunctives compararent and sortirentur are in the ut clause (indirect command) depending on the historical perfect decreverunt. The expression inter se comparare means to arrange the allocation of provinces by mutual agreement without drawing lots.
  2. §32.8.2utri eorum Macedonia evenisset — The pluperfect subjunctive evenisset is used in the subordinate relative clause of the indirect discourse (the content of the decree), representing a future perfect indicative in direct speech.
  3. §32.8.6iussi scribere milites erant — A personal passive construction where the active infinitive scribere (to enlist) acts as a complementary infinitive with the passive verb iussi erant (had been ordered). milites is the accusative object of the active infinitive, meaning 'the praetors (subject) had been ordered to enlist soldiers'.
  4. §32.8.10ne id praestare ei per Antiochum regem ultra non liceret — The construction ne ... non introduced by the verb of fearing vereri. It means 'fearing lest ... not' (that ... not), expressing a strong concern that 'it might no longer be permitted for him to afford this' due to King Antiochus.
  5. §32.8.14principium et finem in potestatem ipsorum — A passage showing Rome's traditional diplomatic stance. Here, principium et finem (the beginning and the end) refers to the use of others' assistance mentioned in the previous clause, and ipsorum (of themselves) is the antecedent of the relative pronoun qui, referring to the allies who aid Rome. This asserts that the decision to start or stop aiding lies with the helpers themselves.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §32.8.1-32.8.16. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:32.8.1-32.8.16

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