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Livy · History of Rome §29.35.1-29.35.15

Abandonment of the Siege of Utica and Winter Quarters

Passage 978 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Scipio rewards his successful soldiers and turns his forces to the siege of Utica, but the approach of Hasdrubal and the vast army of Syphax forces him to abandon the siege and fortify winter quarters on a narrow promontory.

§29.35.1eodem forte, quo haec gesta sunt, die naves, quae praedam in Siciliam vexerant, cum commeatu rediere, velut ominatae ad praedam alteram repetendam sese venisse.
By chance, on the very same day on which these things were done, the ships which had carried the booty to Sicily returned with supplies, as if having a premonition that they had come to seek another booty.
§29.35.2duos eodem nomine Carthaginiensium duces duobus equestribus proeliis interfectos non omnes auctores sunt, veriti, credo, ne falleret bis relata eadem res; Coelius quidem et Valerius captum Hannonem tradunt.
Not all authors write that two Carthaginian commanders of the same name were killed in two cavalry battles, fearing, I believe, lest the same event reported twice might deceive; Coelius indeed and Valerius relate that Hanno was captured.
§29.35.3Scipio praefectos equitesque prout cuiusque opera fuerat, ante omnes Masinissam, insignibus donis donat; §29.35.4et firmo praesidio Salaecae imposito ipse cum cetero exercitu profectus, non agris modo, quacumque incedebat, populatis, sed urbibus etiam quibusdam vicisque expugnatis,
Scipio, according to the service of each, presented the commanders and the horsemen with distinguished gifts, before all others Masinissa; and, having placed a strong garrison at Salaeca, he himself set out with the rest of the army, not only devastating the fields wherever he marched, but also taking some cities and villages by storm.
§29.35.5late fuso terrore belli, septimo die, quam profectus erat, magnam vim hominum et pecoris et omnis generis praedae trahens in castra redit gravesque iterum hostilibus spoliis naves dimittit.
Having spread the terror of war far and wide, on the seventh day after he had set out, he returned to the camp drawing a great quantity of men, cattle, and booty of every kind, and again sent off the ships laden with enemy spoils.
§29.35.6inde omissis expeditionibus parvis populationibusque ab oppugnandam Uticam omnes belli vires convertit, eam deinde, si cepisset, sedem ad cetera exsequenda habiturus.
Then, omitting small expeditions and plundering, he turned all the forces of war to besieging Utica, intending to have it, if he should take it, as a base for executing the rest of his plans.
§29.35.7simul et a classe navales socii, qua ex parte urbs mari adluitur, et terrestris exercitus ab imminente prope ipsis moenibus tumulo est admotus.
At the same time, the naval allies from the fleet were brought up on the side where the city is washed by the sea, and the land army from the hill almost overhanging the walls.
§29.35.8tormenta machinasque et advexerat secum et ex Sicilia missa cum commeatu erant et nova in armamentario, multis talium operum artificibus de industria inclusis, fiebant.
He had both brought artillery and engines with him, and some had been sent from Sicily with the supplies, and new ones were being made in the armory, many artisans of such works having been purposely included.
§29.35.9Uticensibus tanta undique mole circumsessis in Carthaginiensi populo, Carthaginiensibus in Hasdrubale ita, si is movisset Syphacem, spes omnis erat; sed desiderio indigentium auxilii tardius cuncta movebantur.
For the citizens of Utica, besieged on all sides by so great a force, all hope was in the Carthaginian people; for the Carthaginians, it was in Hasdrubal, provided he could move Syphax; but through the longing of those needing help, all things were moved too slowly.
§29.35.10Hasdrubal intentissima conquisitione cum ad triginta milia peditum, tria equitum confecisset, non tamen ante adventum Syphacis castra propius hostem movere est ausus.
Hasdrubal, although by the most intensive recruitment he had gathered up to thirty thousand infantry and three thousand cavalry, yet did not dare to move his camp closer to the enemy before the arrival of Syphax.
§29.35.11Syphax cum quinquaginta milibus peditum, decem equitum advenit, confestimque motis a Carthagine castris haud procul Utica munitionibusque Romanis consedit.
Syphax arrived with fifty thousand infantry and ten thousand cavalry, and immediately moving his camp from Carthage, settled not far from Utica and the Roman fortifications.
§29.35.12quorum adventus hoc tamen momenti fecit, ut Scipio, cum quadraginta ferme dies nequiquam omnia experiens obsedisset Uticam, abscederet inde inrito incepto.
Their arrival, however, had this effect, that Scipio, although he had besieged Utica for nearly forty days, trying all things in vain, withdrew from there with his purpose unaccomplished.
et — §29.35.13iam enim hiems instabat — castra hiberna in promunturio, quod tenui iugo continenti adhaerens in aliquantum maris spatium extenditur, communit; uno vallo et navalia castra amplectitur.
And— for now winter was at hand—he fortified winter quarters on a promontory, which, adhering to the continent by a narrow ridge, extends for some distance into the sea; with a single rampart he also enclosed the naval camp.
§29.35.14iugo medio legionum castris inpositis latus ad septentrionem versum subductae naves navalesque socii tenebant, meridianam vallem ad alterum litus devexam equitatus.
The camp of the legions being placed on the middle of the ridge, the ships drawn up and the naval allies occupied the side facing the north, and the cavalry occupied the southern valley sloping toward the other shore.
haec in Africa usque ad extremum autumni gesta.
These things were done in Africa up to the end of autumn.

Notes

  1. §29.35.1velut ominatae ad praedam alteram repetendam sese venisse — ominatae is the feminine nominative plural participle of the deponent verb ominor, agreeing with the subject naves. sese venisse is an accusative with infinitive (AcI) construction serving as the object of ominatae ('as if having prophesied that they had come'). ad praedam alteram repetendam is a gerundive construction expressing purpose.
  2. §29.35.2veriti, credo, ne falleret bis relata eadem res — veriti is the perfect participle of the deponent verb vereor, modifying auctores ('fearing'). ne falleret is a subjunctive noun clause introduced by a verb of fearing (imperfect subjunctive). bis relata eadem res ('the same event reported twice') functions as the subject of falleret.
  3. §29.35.6eam deinde, si cepisset, sedem ad cetera exsequenda habiturus — habiturus is the future active participle agreeing with the subject of the main clause (Scipio), expressing intention or purpose ('intending to have'). si cepisset is in the pluperfect subjunctive, representing a future perfect in past time ('if he should have captured [it]') subordinate to the prospective future participle.
  4. §29.35.9Uticensibus tanta undique mole circumsessis in Carthaginiensi populo, Carthaginiensibus in Hasdrubale ita, si is movisset Syphacem, spes omnis erat — Uticensibus and Carthaginiensibus are datives of possession with spes omnis erat (literally, 'all hope was to the citizens of Utica...'). in Carthaginiensi populo and in Hasdrubale indicate the objects in whom the hope is placed. ita, si is movisset Syphacem is a conditional clause modifying the latter hope ('only on this condition, if he should move Syphax').
  5. §29.35.12quorum adventus hoc tamen momenti fecit, ut Scipio... abscederet — momenti is a partitive genitive depending on the neuter pronoun hoc ('this much of importance/consequence'). The clause ut... abscederet is a substantive clause of result (or noun clause of result) functioning as the object/consequent of fecit.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §29.35.1-29.35.15. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:29.35.1-29.35.15

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