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Livy · History of Rome §28.8.1-28.8.14

Philip Encourages His Allies and Returns to Macedon

Passage 905 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Philip, while regretting missed opportunities, encourages his allies by emphasizing his prompt actions, restores several territories, and conducts naval operations. Having secured temporary peace in Greece, he returns to his own kingdom to wage war against the Dardanians.

§28.8.1Philippus maerebat quidem et angebatur, cum ad omnia ipse raptim isset, nulli tamen se rei in tempore occurrisse, et rapientem omnia ex oculis elusisse celeritatem suam fortunam.
Philip was indeed grieving and anxious, because, although he himself had gone in haste to every place, he had nevertheless met with no opportunity in time, and fortune, snatching everything from his eyes, had mocked his speed.
§28.8.2in concilio autem dissimulans aegritudinem elato animo disseruit, testatus deos hominesque se nulli loco nec tempori defuisse, quin, ubi hostium arma concrepuissent, eo quanta maxima posset celeritate tenderet; §28.8.3sed vix rationem iniri posse, utrum a se audacius an fugacius ab hostibus geratur bellum: sic ab Opunte Attalum, sic Sulpicium ab Chalcide, sic eis ipsis diebus Machanidam e manibus suis elapsum.
In the council, however, concealing his grief, he spoke with high spirits, calling gods and men to witness that he had not been wanting to any place or time, but that, wherever the clash of enemy arms had been heard, he had hastened thither with the greatest possible speed; but that it could scarcely be calculated whether the war was being waged more boldly by himself or more fleetingly by the enemy: thus Attalus from Opus, thus Sulpicius from Chalcis, thus in those very days Machanidas had slipped from his hands.
§28.8.4sed non semper felicem esse fugam, nec pro difficili id bellum habendum, in quo si modo congressus cum hostibus sis, viceris.
Yet flight was not always successful, nor should that war be held as difficult, in which, if only you have joined battle with the enemy, you will have conquered.
§28.8.5quod primum esset, confessionem se hostium habere nequaquam pares esse sibi; brevi et victoriam haud dubiam habiturum, nec meliore eventu eos secum quam spe pugnaturos.
First of all, he had the confession of the enemy that they were by no means equal to him; in a short time he would also have an indubitable victory, and they would fight with him with no better outcome than hope.
§28.8.6laeti regem socii audierunt.
The allies heard the king with joy.
reddidit inde Achaeis Heraeam et Triphyliam; Alipheram autem Megalopolitis, quod suorum fuisse finium satis probabant, restituit.
Then he restored Heraea and Triphylia to the Achaeans; Aliphera, moreover, he restored to the Megalopolitans, because they sufficiently proved that it had belonged to their territory.
§28.8.7inde navibus acceptis ab Achaeis — erant autem tres quadriremes et biremes totidem — Anticyram traiecit.
Then, having received ships from the Achaeans — there were three quadriremes and as many biremes — he crossed over to Anticyra.
§28.8.8inde quinqueremibus septem et lembis viginti amplius, quos ut adiungeret Carthaginiensium classi, miserat in Corinthium sinum, profectus ad Erythras Aetolorum, quae prope Eupalium sunt, escensionem fecit.
Setting out thence with seven quinqueremes and more than twenty light vessels, which he had sent into the Corinthian Gulf to join the Carthaginian fleet, he made a landing at Erythrae of the Aetolians, which is near Eupalium.
§28.8.9haud fefellit Aetolos: nam hominum quod aut in agris aut in propinquis castellis Potidaniae atque Apolloniae fuit, in silvas montesque refugit; §28.8.10pecora, quae inter festinationem abigi nequierant, sunt direpta et in naves conpulsa.
It did not escape the Aetolians; for whatever population was either in the fields or in the neighboring strongholds of Potidania and Apollonia fled into the woods and mountains; the cattle, which in the haste could not be driven away, were plundered and driven onto the ships.
§28.8.11cum ceteraque praeda Nicia praetore Achaeorum Aegium misso, cum Corinthum petisset, pedestris inde copias per Boeotiam terra duci iussit.
Having sent these and the rest of the plunder to Aegium with Nicias, the praetor of the Achaeans, when he had headed for Corinth, he ordered the land forces to be led thence by land through Boeotia.
ipse ab Cenchreis praeter terram Atticam super Sunium navigans inter medias prope hostium classes Chalcidem pervenit; inde conlaudata fide ac virtute, §28.8.12quod neque timor nec spes flexisset eorum animos, hortatusque, in posterum ut eadem constantia permanerent in societate, si suam quam Oritanorum atque Opuntiorum fortunam mallent, ab Chalcide Oreum navigat principumque iis, §28.8.13qui fugere capta urbe quam se Romanis tradere maluerant, summa rerum et custodia urbis permissa, ipse Demetriadem ab Euboea, unde primum ad opem ferendam sociis profectus erat, traiecit.
He himself, sailing from Cenchreae along the Attic coast and over Sunium, arrived at Chalcis, passing almost through the middle of the enemy's fleets; thence, having praised their loyalty and courage, because neither fear nor hope had turned their minds, and having exhorted them to remain in the alliance with the same constancy in the future, if they preferred their own fortune to that of the Oritans and Opuntians, he sailed from Chalcis to Oreus; and having entrusted the chief authority and the custody of the city to those of the leading men who had preferred to flee when the city was captured rather than surrender themselves to the Romans, he himself crossed over from Euboea to Demetrias, whence he had first set out to bring aid to the allies.
§28.8.14Cassandreae deinde centum navium longarum carinis positis contractaque ad effectum eius operis multitudine fabrorum navalium, quia res in Graecia tranquillas et profectio Attali fecerat et in tempore laborantibus sociis latum ab se auxilium, retro in regnum concessit, ut Dardanis bellum inferret.
Then, having laid down the keels of a hundred warships at Cassandrea and assembled a multitude of shipwrights for the completion of that work, because both the departure of Attalus and the aid brought by himself in time to his struggling allies had made affairs in Greece tranquil, he withdrew back into his kingdom to wage war on the Dardanians.

Notes

  1. 28.8.1nulli tamen se rei in tempore occurrisse — The infinitive clauses nulli ... occurrisse and elusisse are in the accusative with infinitive (AcI) construction governed by the main verbs maerebat ... et angebatur, expressing the content of his grief.
  2. 28.8.2quin... eo quanta maxima posset celeritate tenderet — The quin clause following defuisse. The construction non deesse quin with the subjunctive expresses a strong affirmative sense, meaning 'never fail to...' or 'always...'.
  3. 28.8.5confessionem se hostium habere nequaquam pares esse sibi — The clause nequaquam pares esse sibi is an accusative with infinitive clause in apposition to the noun confessionem, explaining its content: 'the confession of the enemy that they are by no means equal to him'.
  4. 28.8.12si suam quam Oritanorum atque Opuntiorum fortunam mallent — A construction with malo (to prefer). It contrasts suam fortunam (their own fortune) with Oritanorum atque Opuntiorum fortunam (the fortune of the Oritans and Opuntians) using quam to introduce the comparison.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §28.8.1-28.8.14. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:28.8.1-28.8.14

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