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Livy · History of Rome §26.9.1-26.9.13

Hannibal's Approach to Rome and Fulvius's Relief March

Passage 804 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

Hannibal marches close to Rome despite bridge destructions, causing immense panic in the city, while the senate prepares defenses and grants proconsul Fulvius equal command to the consuls as he hastens to rescue Rome.

§26.9.1Hannibal quo die Vulturnum est transgressus, haud procul a flumine castra posuit; §26.9.2postero die praeter Cales in agrum Sidicinum pervenit.
On the day Hannibal crossed the Volturnus, he pitched his camp not far from the river; on the following day he passed by Cales and came into the Sidicine territory.
ibi diem unum populando moratus per Suessanum Allifanumque et Casinatem agrum via Latina ducit.
Having delayed there for one day to ravage, he led his army along the Latin Way through the territory of Suessa, Allifae, and Casinum.
sub Casino biduo stativa habita et passim populationes factae.
Under Casinum a stationary camp was held for two days, and ravaging was carried on everywhere.
§26.9.3inde praeter Interamnam Aquinumque in Fregellanum agrum ad Lirim fluvium ventum, ubi intercisum pontem a Fregellanis morandi itineris causa invenit.
Thence, passing by Interamna and Aquinum, they came into the Fregellan territory to the river Liris, where he found the bridge cut down by the Fregellans for the purpose of delaying his march.
§26.9.4et Fulvium Vulturnus tenuerat amnis navibus ab Hannibale incensis rates ad traiciendum exercitum in magna inopia materiae aegre comparantem.
And the river Volturnus had held back Fulvius, who, since the boats had been burned by Hannibal, was with difficulty preparing rafts to transport his army in a great scarcity of timber.
§26.9.5traiecto ratibus exercitu relicum Fulvio expeditum iter non per urbes modo sed circa viam expositis benigne commeatibus erat, alacresque milites alius alium, ut adderet gradum memor ad defendendam iri patriam, hortabantur.
When the army had been ferried over on rafts, the remainder of the march was easy for Fulvius, as provisions had been kindly laid out not only in the cities but also along the road; and the eager soldiers encouraged one another to quicken their pace, mindful that they were marching to defend their country.
§26.9.6Romam Fregellanus nuntius diem noctemque itinere continuato ingentem attulit terrorem; tumultuosius, quam quod allatum erat, concursus hominum adfingentium vana auditis totam urbem concitat.
A messenger from Fregellae, continuing his journey day and night, brought great terror to Rome; a gathering of people, exaggerating what they had heard with idle rumors, excited the whole city in a manner more tumultuous than the actual news warranted.
§26.9.7ploratus mulierum non ex privatis solum domibus exaudiebatur, sed undique matronae in publicum effusae circa deum delubra discurrunt, crinibus passis aras verrentes, nixae genibus, §26.9.8supinas manus ad caelum ac deos tendentes orantesque, ut urbem Romanam e manibus hostium eriperent matresque Romanas et liberos parvos inviolatos servarent.
The wailing of women was heard not only from private houses, but everywhere the matrons, pouring out into public, ran about the shrines of the gods, sweeping the altars with their disheveled hair, kneeling on their knees, stretching their upturned hands to heaven and the gods, and praying that they would snatch the Roman city from the hands of the enemy, and preserve the Roman mothers and little children unhurt.
§26.9.9senatus magistratibus in fore praesto est, si quid consulere velint.
The senate was at hand for the magistrates in the forum, in case they wished to consult them.
alii accipiunt imperia disceduntque ad suas quisque officiorum partes, alii offerunt se, si quo usus operae sit.
Some received commissions and departed to their respective duties, others offered themselves wherever there might be need of their service.
praesidia in arce, in Capitolio, in muris, circa urbem, in monte etiam Albano atque arce Aefulana ponuntur.
Guards were stationed on the citadel, on the Capitol, on the walls, around the city, and even on the Alban mount and the fortress of Aefula.
§26.9.10inter hunc tumultum Q. Fulvium proconsulem profectum cum exercitu Capua adfertur; cui ne minueretur imperium, si in urbem venisset, decernit senatus, ut Q. Fulvio par cum consulibus imperium esset.
In the midst of this tumult, it was reported that the proconsul Quintus Fulvius had set out from Capua with his army; lest his authority should be diminished if he entered the city, the senate decreed that Quintus Fulvius should have power equal to that of the consuls.
§26.9.11Hannibal infestius perpopulato agro Fregellano propter intercisos pontis, per Frusinatem Ferentinatemque et Anagninum agrum in Labicanum venit.
Hannibal, having ravaged the Fregellan territory more furiously because of the cut bridges, came through the Frusinate, Ferentinate, and Anagnian territories into the Labican.
§26.9.12inde Algido Tusculum petiit, nec receptus moenibus infra Tusculum dextrorsus Gabios descendit.
Thence from Algidus he sought Tusculum, and not being received within the walls, he went down below Tusculum to the right towards Gabii.
inde in Pupiniam exercitu demisso octo milia passuum ab Roma posuit castra.
Thence, marching his army down into Pupinia, he pitched his camp eight miles from Rome.
§26.9.13quo propius hostis accedebat, eo maior caedes fiebat fugientium praecedentibus Numidis, pluresque omnium generum atque aetatium capiebantur.
The closer the enemy approached, the greater was the slaughter of the fugitives made by the Numidians who rode in advance, and more people of all ranks and ages were captured.

Notes

  1. 26.9.2via Latina ducit — The verb `ducere` (to lead) is used here intransitively (to march/advance), or with an implied object such as `exercitum` (the army).
  2. 26.9.5ad defendendam iri patriam — A highly unusual construction combining `ad defendendam patriam` (to defend the country) with `iri` (the passive infinitive of `ire`, 'to go', used impersonally). Together with `memor`, it means 'mindful that they were marching to defend their country.'
  3. 26.9.10adfertur — Used impersonally, taking the accusative and infinitive clause `Q. Fulvium proconsulem profectum [esse]` (that the proconsul Quintus Fulvius had set out) as its subject.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §26.9.1-26.9.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:26.9.1-26.9.13

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