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Livy · History of Rome §24.21.1-24.21.12

Unrest after Hieronymus's Death and Syracusan Uprising

Passage 726 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

As a major war arises in Sicily, the unrest following Hieronymus's murder subsides, and the Syracusans rise up for their restored liberty. While Adranodorus fortifies the Island, the conspirators rally the citizens in Achradina and secure key granaries for the senate.

§24.21.1Romani, cum bellum nequaquam contemnendum in Sicilia oreretur morsque tyranni duces magis inpigros dedisset Syracusanis, quam causam aut animos mutasset, M. Marcello alteri consulum eam provinciam decernunt.
Since a war by no means to be despised was arising in Sicily, and the death of the tyrant had given more energetic leaders to the Syracusans, rather than changing their cause or their disposition, the Romans decreed that province to Marcus Marcellus, one of the consuls.
§24.21.2secundum Hieronymi caedem primo tumultuatum in Leontinis apud milites fuerat vociferatumque ferociter parentandum regi sanguine coniuratorum esse.
Immediately after the murder of Hieronymus, there was at first a tumult among the soldiers at Leontini, and it was fiercely shouted that atonement must be made to the king with the blood of the conspirators.
§24.21.3deinde libertatis restitutae dulce auditu nomen crebro usurpatum, spes facta ex pecunia regia largitionis militiaeque fungendae potioribus ducibus et relata tyranni foeda scelera foedioresque libidines adeo mutavere animos, ut insepultum iacere corpus paulo ante desiderati regis paterentur.
Thereupon, the name of restored liberty, sweet to hear, being frequently repeated, the hope of a distribution from the royal money and of serving in the army under better leaders being raised, and the foul crimes and even fouler lusts of the tyrant being related, so changed their minds that they allowed the body of the king, who had been regretted a little before, to lie unburied.
§24.21.4cum ceteri ex coniuratis ad exercitum obtinendum remansissent, Theodotus et Sosis regiis equis quanto maximo cursu poterant, ut ignaros omnium regios opprimerent, Syracusas contendunt.
While the other conspirators remained behind to secure the army, Theodotus and Sosis, on the king's horses, hastened at the greatest speed they could, in order to overwhelm the king's supporters who were ignorant of everything, to Syracuse.
§24.21.5ceterum praevenerat non fama solum, qua nihil in talibus rebus est celerius, sed nuntius etiam ex regiis servis.
But they had been anticipated not only by rumor, than which nothing is swifter in such matters, but also by a messenger from the king's servants.
§24.21.6itaque Adranodorus et Insulam et arcem et alia, quae poterat quaeque opportuna erant, praesidiis firmarat.
Therefore, Adranodorus had secured with guards both the Island and the citadel, and other places as far as he could and as were opportune.
§24.21.7Hexapylo Theodotus ac Sosis post solis occasum iam obscura luce invecti cum cruentam regiam vestem atque insigne capitis ostentarent, travecti per Tycham, simul ad libertatem simul ad arma vocantes in Achradinam convenire iubent.
Theodotus and Sosis, having entered through Hexapylum after sunset in the already dim light, while displaying the bloody royal robe and the diadem, passed through Tycha and, calling at once to liberty and to arms, ordered the people to assemble in Achradina.
§24.21.8multitudo pars procurrit in vias, pars in vestibulis stat, pars ex tectis fenestrisque prospectant et, quid rei sit, rogitant.
The multitude, partly ran out into the streets, partly stood in the vestibules, partly looked out from the roofs and windows, and kept asking what the matter was.
§24.21.9omnia luminibus conlucent strepituque vario conplentur.
Everything shone with lights and was filled with various noises.
armati locis patentibus congregantur; inermes ex Olympii Iovis templo spolia Gallorum Illyriorumque, dono data Hieroni a populo Romano fixaque ab eo, Z detrahunt precantes Iovem, §24.21.10ut volens propitius praebeat sacra arma pro patria, pro deum delubris, pro libertate sese armantibus.
The armed gathered in open places; the unarmed tore down from the temple of Olympian Jupiter the spoils of the Gauls and Illyrians, given as a present to Hieron by the Roman people and fixed by him, praying to Jupiter, that he would willingly and propitiously offer the sacred arms to those arming themselves for their country, for the shrines of the gods, and for liberty.
§24.21.11haec quoque multitudo stationibus per principes regionum urbis dispositis adiungitur.
This multitude also joined the guards stationed through the principal quarters of the city.
in Insula inter cetera Adranodorus praesidiis firmarat horrea publica; §24.21.12locus saxo quadrato saeptus atque arcis in modum emunitus capitur ab iuventute, quae praesidio eius loci adtributa erat, mittuntque nuntios in Achradinam horrea frumentumque in senatus potestate esse.
In the Island, among other places, Adranodorus had secured the public granaries with guards; this place, enclosed by square stone and fortified in the manner of a citadel, was seized by the youth who had been assigned to the guard of that place, and they sent messengers to Achradina that the granaries and the corn were in the power of the senate.

Notes

  1. §24.21.1duces magis inpigros dedisset Syracusanis, quam causam aut animos mutasset — Dependent on the historical `cum` conjunction, with `dedisset` and `mutasset` acting in parallel in the subjunctive pluperfect. The comparative construction `magis... quam` indicates that the tyrant's death, rather than changing the cause or political alignment of the Syracusans, resulted in giving them more active leaders.
  2. §24.21.2parentandum regi sanguine coniuratorum esse — An impersonal gerundive construction (`parentandum [esse]`) in indirect speech. The intransitive verb `parentare` (to perform funeral rites, to avenge a death) takes the dative (`regi`) and an ablative of means or price (`sanguine`), meaning "that atonement must be made to the king with the blood of the conspirators."
  3. §24.21.3libertatis restitutae dulce auditu nomen — `libertatis restitutae` is a genitive modifying `nomen`. `dulce` is an adjective modifying `nomen`, and `auditu` is the ablative of the supine expressing respect ("sweet to hear").
  4. §24.21.3militiaeque fungendae — The verb `fungor` (to perform, discharge) originally governs the ablative case, but here it is used in the gerundive construction agreeing with `militia` (military service), forming a genitive phrase dependent on `spes` ("the hope of performing military service").
  5. §24.21.10sese armantibus — The dative plural of the present participle `armantibus` with the accusative pronoun `sese` ("those arming themselves"). It functions as the indirect object (or dative of advantage) of `praebeat`.

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §24.21.1-24.21.12. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:24.21.1-24.21.12

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