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Livy · History of Rome §22.55.1-22.55.8

Panic in Rome and Fabius's Proposals for City Defense

Passage 649 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

As confusion peaks within Rome upon the news of the defeat at Cannae, the praetors summon the senate, and Fabius Maximus proposes concrete defense measures, including dispatching cavalry to assess the situation, maintaining order within the city, and preventing citizens from fleeing.

§22.55.1P. Furius Philus et M. Pomponius praetores senatum in curiam Hostiliam vocaverunt, ut de urbis custodia consulerent; §22.55.2neque enim dubitabant deletis exercitibus hostem ad oppugnandam Romam, quod unum opus belli restaret, venturum. §22.55.3cum in malis sicuti ingentibus ita ignotis ne consilium quidem satis expedirent, obstreperetque clamor lamentantium mulierum, et nondum palam facto vivi mortuique per omnes paene domos promiscue conplorarentur, §22.55.4tum Q. Fabius Maximus censuit equites expeditos et Appia et Latina via mittendos, qui obvios percunctando — aliquos profecto ex fuga passim dissipatos fore — referant, quae fortuna consulum atque exercituum sit et, §22.55.5si quid dii immortales, miseriti imperil, reliquum Romani nominis fecerint, ubi eae copiae sint; quo se Hannibal post proelium contulerit, quid paret, quid agat acturusque sit. §22.55.6haec exploranda noscendaque per inpigros iuvenes esse; illud per patres ipsos agendum, quoniam magistratuum parum sit, ut tumultum ac trepidationem in urbe tollant: matronas publico arceant continerique intra suum quamque limen cogant, §22.55.7conploratus familiarum coerceant, silentium per urbem faciant, nuntios rerum omnium ad praetores deducendos curent — suae quisque fortunae domi auctorem expectent — §22.55.8custodesque praeterea ad portas ponant, qui prohibeant quemquam egredi urbe, cogantque homines nullam nisi urbe ac moenibus salvis salutem sperare.
The praetors Publius Furius Philus and Marcus Pomponius summoned the senate to the Curia Hostilia to consult about the defense of the city; for they did not doubt that, now that the armies were destroyed, the enemy would come to besiege Rome, which remained the only task of the war. Since, in the face of disasters as unprecedented as they were immense, they could not even sufficiently develop a plan, and the shrieks of mourning women resounded, and, since nothing had yet been made public, the living and the dead were being lamented together indiscriminately in almost every house, then Quintus Fabius Maximus proposed that light-armed cavalry should be sent along both the Appian and Latin Ways, who, by questioning those they met—for surely there would be some scattered here and there from the flight—might bring back word of what the fortune of the consuls and the armies was, and, if the immortal gods, having pitied their dominion, had left any remnant of the Roman name, where those forces were; whither Hannibal had betaken himself after the battle, what he was preparing, what he was doing and was about to do. These matters were to be investigated and ascertained by active young men; but the other task was to be undertaken by the senators themselves, since there was a shortage of magistrates, to remove the confusion and panic in the city: they should keep the matrons from public places and compel each of them to remain within her own threshold, restrain the lamentations of families, bring silence throughout the city, see to it that messengers of all events are brought to the praetors—each person should wait at home for news of his own fortune— and furthermore place guards at the gates to prevent anyone from leaving the city, and compel people to hope for no safety except in the preservation of the city and its walls.
ubi conticuerit: tumultus, tum in curiam patres revocandos consulendumque de urbis custodia esse.
Once it was hushed: the tumult, then the senators should be recalled to the senate house and consult about the defense of the city.

Notes

  1. 22.55.3nondum palam facto — An ablative absolute with the impersonal perfect participle facto. It means "nothing having yet been made clear/public," reflecting the uncertainty of who survived.
  2. 22.55.4aliquos profecto ex fuga passim dissipatos fore — A parenthetical clause enclosed by dashes, representing Fabius's thought in indirect discourse (AcI construction). fore (alternative form of futurum esse) is the future infinitive, expressing the assumption that some survivors would inevitably be found scattered.
  3. 22.55.6quoniam magistratuum parum sit — The subjunctive sit in the causal clause introduced by quoniam indicates a subjective reason (the reason as presented by Fabius). parum is used substantively, taking the partitive genitive magistratuum.
  4. 22.55.7suae quisque fortunae domi auctorem expectent — A subjunctive of exhortation/command (expectent). auctor (literally "author/guarantor") here means "one who brings information" or simply "news/confirmation."

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §22.55.1-22.55.8. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:22.55.1-22.55.8

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