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Livy · History of Rome §10.46.1-10.46.16

Triumphs of Papirius and Carvilius and Division of Spoils

Passage 530 of 1770 · Latin

Summary

The consul Papirius withdraws from Samnium and celebrates a grand triumph in Rome, but stirs public resentment by depositing all spoils in the treasury and levying taxes. Meanwhile, Carvilius achieves victories in Etruria, celebrates his own triumph, and wins popularity by generously distributing booty to his troops.

§10.46.1Nives iam omnia oppleverant nec durari extra tecta poterat; §10.46.2itaque consul exercitum de Samnio deduxit.
Snow had already covered everything, and it was impossible to remain out of doors; therefore the consul led his army out of Samnium.
venienti Romam triumphus omnium consensu est delatus.
To him, as he came to Rome, a triumph was decreed by unanimous consent.
triumphavit in magistratu insigni, ut illorum temporum habitus erat, triumpho.
He triumphed during his magistracy with a triumph that was splendid, considering the customs of those times.
§10.46.3pedites equitesque insignes donis transiere ac transvecti sunt; multae civicae coronae vallaresque ac murales conspectae; §10.46.4inspectata spolia Samnitium et decore ac pulchritudine paternis spoliis, quae nota frequenti publicorum ornatu locorum erant, conparabantur; §10.46.5nobiles aliquot captivi, clari suis patrumque factis, ducti; aeris gravis travecta viciens centum milia et quingenta triginta tria milia — id aes redactum ex captivis dicebatur —, argenti, quod captum ex urbibus erat, pondo mille octingenta triginta.
The infantry and cavalry, distinguished by their rewards, passed by and rode in procession; many civic, rampart, and mural crowns were seen; the spoils of the Samnites were viewed and compared in splendor and beauty with the ancestral spoils, which were well known from their frequent decoration of public places; several noble captives, famous for their own deeds and those of their fathers, were led in the procession; two million five hundred and thirty-three thousand pieces of heavy bronze were carried — this money was said to have been raised from the captives — and of silver, which had been captured from the cities, one thousand eight hundred and thirty pounds.
omne aes argentumque in aerarium conditum, militibus nihil datum ex praeda est.
All the bronze and silver was deposited in the treasury, and nothing of the booty was given to the soldiers.
§10.46.6auctaque ea invidia est ad plebem, quod tributum etiam in stipendium militum conlatum est, cum, si spreta gloria fuisset captivae pecuniae in aerarium inlatae, et militi donum dari ex praeda et stipendium militare praestari potuisset.
And this unpopularity was increased among the plebeians because a tax was even levied for the pay of the soldiers, whereas, if the glory of bringing the captured money into the treasury had been disregarded, a gift could have been given to the soldiers from the booty, and the military pay could have been provided.
§10.46.7aedem Quirini dedicavit. quam in ipsa dimicatione votam apud neminem veterem auctorem invenio neque hercule tam exiguo tempore perficere potuisset); §10.46.8ab dictatore patre votam filius consul dedicavit exornavitque hostium spoliis; quorum tanta multitudo fuit, ut non templum tantum forumque iis ornaretur, sed sociis etiam coloniisque finitumis ad templorum locorumque publicorum ornatum dividerentur.
He dedicated the temple of Quirinus (which I find in no ancient author to have been vowed in the battle itself, nor indeed could he have completed it in so short a time); vowed by his father when dictator, his son, as consul, dedicated and adorned it with the spoils of the enemy; of which there was so great a multitude that not only the temple and the forum were adorned with them, but they were also distributed among the allies and neighboring colonies for the adornment of their temples and public places.
§10.46.9ab triumpho exercitum in agrum Vescinum, quia regio ea infesta ab Samnitibus erat, hibernatum duxit.
After his triumph, he led his army into the Vescinian territory to winter, because that region was infested by the Samnites.
§10.46.10inter haec Carvilius consul in Etruria Troilum primum oppugnare adortus quadringentos septuaginta ditissimos, §10.46.11pecunia grandi pactos, ut abire inde liceret, dimisit, ceteram multitudinem oppidumque ipsum vi cepit.
Meanwhile, the consul Carvilius, having set out in Etruria to besiege Troilus first, released four hundred and seventy of the richest men, having agreed for a large sum of money that they might depart thence, and took the rest of the multitude and the town itself by force.
inde quinque castella locis sita munitis expugnavit.
From there he took by storm five castles situated in fortified places.
caesa ibi hostium duo milia quadringenti, minus duo milia capta.
There two thousand four hundred of the enemy were slain, and fewer than two thousand were captured.
§10.46.12et Faliscis pacem petentibus annuas indutias dedit, pactus centum milia gravis aeris et stipendium eius anni militibus.
And to the Falisci, who were seeking peace, he granted a year's truce, having stipulated for one hundred thousand pieces of heavy bronze and the pay of the soldiers for that year.
§10.46.13his rebus actis ad triumphum decessit, ut minus clarum de Samnitibus, quam collegae triumphus fuerat, ita cumulo Etrusci belli aequatum.
These things having been done, he departed for his triumph, which, though less famous for victories over the Samnites than his colleague's triumph had been, was yet equalled by the addition of the Etruscan war.
§10.46.14aeris gravis tulit in aerarium trecenta octoginta milia; reliquo aere aedem Fortis Fortunae de manubiis faciendam locavit prope aedem eius deae ab rege Servio Tullio dedicatam, §10.46.15et militibus ex praeda centenos binos asses et alterum tantum centurionibus atque equitibus, malignitate collegae gratius accipientibus munus, divisit.
He carried three hundred and eighty thousand pieces of heavy bronze into the treasury; with the remaining money, he contracted for the building of a temple to Fors Fortuna from the spoils, near the temple of that goddess dedicated by King Servius Tullius, and distributed to the soldiers from the booty one hundred and two asses each, and twice as much to the centurions and horsemen, who received the gift more gratefully because of the stinginess of his colleague.
§10.46.16favor consulis tutatus ad populum est L. Postumium, legatum eius, qui, dicta die a M. Scantio tribuno plebis, fugerat in legatione, ut fama ferebat, populi iudicium; iactarique magis quam peragi accusatio eius poterat.
The favor of the consul protected his lieutenant, Lucius Postumius, before the people, who, when a day had been appointed for his trial by Marcus Scantius, a tribune of the plebs, had fled, as the report went, from the judgment of the people under cover of his legation; and his accusation could be bandied about rather than brought to an end.

Notes

  1. §10.46.1durari — Impersonal passive usage. Literally "it could not be endured," referring to the impossibility of remaining out of doors due to the harsh weather.
  2. §10.46.4paternis spoliis — Dative of reference or ablative of comparison dependent on the verb conparabantur, meaning "were compared with the ancestral spoils."
  3. §10.46.5viciens centum milia — Multiplicative numeral expression in Latin. The combination of viciens (20 times) and centum milia (100,000) represents two million (asses).
  4. §10.46.7potuisset — Subjunctive pluperfect. It expresses a past counterfactual impossibility ("could not have completed"), reflecting the author's critical judgment.
  5. §10.46.16in legatione — Prepositional phrase. It describes the circumstance under which Postumius escaped trial, meaning "under cover of his legation" or "while on public embassy."

Cite this passage

Livy, History of Rome §10.46.1-10.46.16. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:10.46.1-10.46.16

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