§1.49.1inde L. Tarquinius regnare occepit, cui Superbo cognomen facta indiderunt, quia socerum gener sepultura prohibuit, Romulum quoque insepultum perisse dictitans, §1.49.2primoresque patrum, quos Servi rebus favisse credebat, interfecit;
Thereupon Lucius Tarquin began to reign, to whom his deeds gave the surname of the Proud, because, though a son-in-law, he refused burial to his father-in-law, repeatedly declaring that Romulus also had perished unburied; and he put to death the chief men of the senators, whom he believed to have favored the cause of Servius.
conscius deinde male quaerendi regni ab se ipso adversus se exemplum capi posse, armatis corpus circumsaepsit; §1.49.3neque enim ad ius regni quicquam praeter vim habebat, ut qui neque populi iussu neque auctoribus patribus regnaret.
Then, conscious that a precedent of wrongfully acquiring the kingdom might be taken from his own case against himself, he surrounded his person with armed men; for he had no claim to the right of the kingdom except force, as one who reigned neither by the order of the people nor with the sanction of the senators.
§1.49.4eo accedebat, ut in caritate civium nihil spei reponenti metu regnum tutandum esset.
To this was added the fact that, as he placed no hope in the affection of the citizens, his kingdom had to be defended by fear.
quem ut pluribus incuteret, cognitiones capitalium rerum sine consiliis per se solus exercebat perque eam causam occidere, §1.49.5in exilium agere, bonis multare poterat non suspectos modo aut invisos, sed unde nihil aliud quam praedam sperare posset.
In order to inspire this in a greater number of people, he conducted trials of capital cases by himself alone, without advisers, and under that pretext he was able to put to death, drive into exile, and punish with confiscation of property not only those who were suspected or hated, but also those from whom he could hope for nothing but plunder.
§1.49.6praecipue ita patrum numero inminuto statuit nullos in patres legere, quo contemptior paucitate ipsa ordo esset minusque per se nihil agi indignarentur.
Having especially diminished the number of the senators in this way, he resolved to choose no others into the senate, so that the order might be more despised by its very paucity, and they might feel less indignation that nothing was done through them.
§1.49.7hic enim regum primus traditum a prioribus morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit, domesticis consiliis rem publicam administravit; bellum, pacem, foedera, societates per se ipse, cum quibus voluit, iniussu populi ac senatus fecit diremitque.
For he was the first of the kings to break the custom handed down by his predecessors of consulting the senate on all matters; he governed the republic by domestic counsels; war, peace, treaties, and alliances he made and dissolved by himself alone, with whomsoever he wished, without the order of the people and the senate.
§1.49.8Latinorum sibi maxime gentem conciliabat, ut peregrinis quoque opibus tutior inter cives esset, neque hospitia modo cum primoribus eorum, sed adfinitates quoque iungebat.
He especially conciliated the nation of the Latins to himself, so that he might be safer among his citizens by means of foreign resources as well; and he joined not only ties of hospitality with their leading men, but also alliances of marriage.
Octavio Mamilio Tusculano — §1.49.9is longe princeps Latini nominis erat, si famae credimus, ab Ulixe deaque Circa oriundus — ei Mamilio filiam nuptum dat perque eas nuptias multos sibi cognatos amicosque eius conciliat.
To Octavius Mamilius of Tusculum— he was by far the chief man of the Latin name, if we believe rumor, descended from Ulysses and the goddess Circe—to this Mamilius he gave his daughter in marriage, and through that marriage he conciliated many of his kinsmen and friends to himself.