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Virgil · Aeneid §4.162-4.239

Union in the Cave and Jupiter's Command

Passage 32 of 127 · Latin

Summary

Aeneas and Dido are united in a cave while sheltering from a storm. The goddess of Rumor spreads this news, provoking the anger of King Iarbas, whose rejected marriage proposal leads him to pray to Jupiter, who then dispatches Mercury to command Aeneas to depart.

§4.162et Tyrii comites passim et Troiana iuventus §4.163Dardaniusque nepos Veneris diversa per agros §4.164tecta metu petiere; ruunt de montibus amnes.
And the Tyrian companions everywhere, and the Trojan youth, and the Dardanian grandson of Venus, in fear, sought diverse shelters through the fields; rivers rush down from the mountains.
§4.165Speluncam Dido dux et Troianus eandem §4.166deveniunt: prima et Tellus et pronuba Iuno §4.167dant signum; fulsere ignes et conscius aether §4.168conubiis, summoque ulularunt vertice nymphae.
Dido and the Trojan leader come to the same cave: both primal Earth and Juno as bridal patroness give the sign; fires flashed and the sky was witness to the marriage, and nymphs wailed from the highest peak.
§4.169Ille dies primus leti primusque malorum §4.170causa fuit; neque enim specie famave movetur, §4.171nec iam furtivum Dido meditatur amorem: §4.172coniugium vocat; hoc praetexit nomine culpam.
That day was the first cause of death and the first cause; for she is not moved by appearance or reputation, nor does Dido now design a secret love: she calls it marriage; with this name she veils her guilt.
§4.173Extemplo Libyae magnas it Fama per urbes— §4.174Fama, malum qua non aliud velocius ullum; §4.175mobilitate viget, viresque adquirit eundo, §4.176parva metu primo, mox sese attollit in auras, §4.177ingrediturque solo, et caput inter nubila condit.
At once Rumor goes through the great cities of Libya— Rumor, than whom no other evil is swifter; she thrives on speed, and gains strength as she goes, small at first through fear, soon she raises herself into the air, and walks on the ground, and hides her head among the clouds.
§4.178Illam Terra parens, ira inritata deorum, §4.179extremam (ut perhibent) Coeo Enceladoque sororem §4.180progenuit, pedibus celerem et pernicibus alis, §4.181monstrum horrendum, ingens, cui, quot sunt corpore plumae §4.182tot vigiles oculi subter, mirabile dictu, §4.183tot linguae, totidem ora sonant, tot subrigit aures.
Mother Earth, provoked by anger at the gods, bore her, as they say, as the last sister to Coeus and Enceladus, swift of foot and with untiring wings, a monster horrible, huge, who has, for every feather on her body, as many watchful eyes beneath, wondrous to tell, as many tongues, as many mouths sounding, as many ears she pricks up.
§4.184Nocte volat caeli medio terraeque per umbram, §4.185stridens, nec dulci declinat lumina somno; §4.186luce sedet custos aut summi culmine tecti, §4.187turribus aut altis, et magnas territat urbes; §4.188tam ficti pravique tenax, quam nuntia veri.
By night she flies between heaven and earth through the shadow, shrieking, nor does she droop her eyes in sweet sleep; by day she sits as a guardian either on the peak of the highest roof, or on high towers, and terrifies great cities; as tenacious a messenger of fiction and depravity as of truth.
§4.189Haec tum multiplici populos sermone replebat §4.190gaudens, et pariter facta atque infecta canebat: §4.191venisse Aenean, Troiano sanguine cretum, §4.192cui se pulchra viro dignetur iungere Dido; §4.193nunc hiemem inter se luxu, quam longa, fovere §4.194regnorum immemores turpique cupidine captos.
She then, rejoicing, filled the peoples with manifold gossip, and sang equally of facts and fictions: that Aeneas had come, sprung from Trojan blood, to whom beautiful Dido deigns to join herself as husband; now they cherish the winter between themselves in luxury, however long it is, mindless of their kingdoms and captured by shameful passion.
§4.195Haec passim dea foeda virum diffundit in ora.
These things the foul goddess scatters everywhere into the mouths of men.
§4.196Protinus ad regem cursus detorquet Iarban, §4.197incenditque animum dictis atque aggerat iras.
Straightway she turns her course to King Iarbas, and inflames his mind with words and heaps up his anger.
§4.198Hic Hammone satus, rapta Garamantide Nympha, §4.199templa Iovi centum latis immania regnis, §4.200centum aras posuit, vigilemque sacraverat ignem, §4.201excubias divom aeternas, pecudumque cruore §4.202pingue solum et variis florentia limina sertis.
He, begotten of Ammon by a ravished Garamantian Nymph, had built for Jupiter a hundred huge temples in his broad realms, a hundred altars, and had consecrated a watchful fire, the eternal sentry of the gods, and a soil rich with the blood of beasts and thresholds blooming with varied garlands.
§4.203Isque amens animi et rumore accensus amaro §4.204dicitur ante aras media inter numina divom §4.205multa Iovem manibus supplex orasse supinis: §4.206Iuppiter omnipotens, cui nunc Maurusia pictis §4.207gens epulata toris Lenaeum libat honorem,
And he, frantic in mind and inflamed by the bitter rumor, is said to have prayed much to Jupiter before the altars, in the midst of the divine presences, as a suppliant with upturned hands: "Almighty Jupiter, to whom now the Maurusian race, feasting on embroidered couches, pours a Lenaean libation, do you see these things?
§4.208aspicis haec, an te, genitor, cum fulmina torques, §4.209nequiquam horremus, caecique in nubibus ignes §4.210terrificant animos et inania murmura miscent?
Or, father, when you hurl your thunderbolts, do we shrink in vain, and do blind fires in the clouds terrify our minds and stir up empty murmurs?
§4.211Femina, quae nostris errans in finibus urbem §4.212exiguam pretio posuit, cui litus arandum §4.213cuique loci leges dedimus, conubia nostra §4.214reppulit, ac dominum Aenean in regna recepit.
A woman, who wandering in our territories has established a tiny city for a price, to whom we gave a shore to plow and to whom we gave the laws of the place, has rejected our marriage, and received Aeneas into her kingdom as lord.
§4.215Et nunc ille Paris cum semiviro comitatu, §4.216Maeonia mentum mitra crinemque madentem §4.217subnexus, rapto potitur: nos munera templis §4.218quippe tuis ferimus, famamque fovemus inanem. §4.219Talibus orantem dictis arasque tenentem §4.220audiit omnipotens, oculosque ad moenia torsit §4.221regia et oblitos famae melioris amantes.
And now that Paris with his half-man retinue, his chin and perfumed hair bound beneath a Maeonian bonnet, possesses the prey; while we indeed bring gifts to your temples and cherish an empty reputation." The Almighty heard him praying with such words and holding the altars, and turned his eyes to the royal walls and to the lovers forgetful of their better fame.
§4.222Tum sic Mercurium adloquitur ac talia mandat: §4.223Vade age, nate, voca Zephyros et labere pennis, §4.224Dardaniumque ducem, Tyria Karthagine qui nunc §4.225exspectat, fatisque datas non respicit urbes, §4.226adloquere, et celeris defer mea dicta per auras.
Then he thus addresses Mercury and mandates such things: "Go, run, my son, summon the Zephyrs and glide on your wings, and address the Dardanian leader, who now in Tyrian Carthage lingers, and has no regard for the cities given by the fates, and carry my words down through the swift breezes.
§4.227Non illum nobis genetrix pulcherrima talem §4.228promisit, Graiumque ideo bis vindicat armis; §4.229sed fore, qui gravidam imperiis belloque frementem §4.230Italiam regeret, genus alto a sanguine Teucri §4.231proderet, ac totum sub leges mitteret orbem.
Not such did his most beautiful mother promise him to us, nor did she for this reason twice rescue him from the arms of the Greeks; but that he should be one who would rule Italy, pregnant with empire and raging with war, who would transmit a race from the high blood of Teucer, and bring the whole world under his laws.
§4.232Si nulla accendit tantarum gloria rerum, §4.233nec super ipse sua molitur laude laborem, §4.234Ascanione pater Romanas invidet arces?
If no glory of such great deeds inflames him, nor does he himself undertake the labor for his own praise, does he, as a father, grudge Ascanius the Roman citadels?
§4.235Quid struit, aut qua spe inimica in gente moratur, §4.236nec prolem Ausoniam et Lavinia respicit arva?
What does he build, or with what hope does he linger among a hostile people, nor regards his Ausonian offspring and the Lavinian fields?
§4.237Naviget: haec summa est; hic nostri nuntius esto. §4.238Dixerat.
Let him sail: this is the sum; let this be our messenger to him." He had spoken.
Ille patris magni parere parabat §4.239imperio; et primum pedibus talaria nectit
He prepared to obey the command of his great father; and first he binds the golden sandals to his feet,

Notes

  1. §4.193fovere — fovere is an infinitive in indirect speech dependent on canebat (line 190) which continues from replebat (line 189). Its semantic subject (Aeneas and Dido) is omitted as it is clear from the context. The parenthetical relative clause quam longa, qualifying hiemem, has a concessive or restrictive force meaning 'however long it may be (for the entire length of the winter).'
  2. §4.216subnexus — subnexus (past participle of subnectere) is used here with a middle or reflexive force, taking the accusatives of specification (Greek accusatives) mentum and crinem. It literally means 'having bound (the bonnet) under his chin and over his wet hair.'
  3. §4.229fore — fore (future infinitive futurum esse) is an infinitive in indirect speech dependent on promisit (line 227). The accusative subject (Aeneas) is understood from the context. The following relative clause qui... regeret employs the subjunctive of characteristic to describe the kind of ruler promised.

Cite this passage

Virgil, Aeneid §4.162-4.239. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003.humanitext-lat2:4.162-4.239

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