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Virgil · Aeneid §4.1-4.80

Dido's Passion for Aeneas and Anna's Counsel

Passage 30 of 127 · Latin

Summary

Dido suffers from a burning love for Aeneas and struggles between her passion and her vow of fidelity to her deceased husband. Encouraged by her sister Anna to embrace this love for the sake of Carthage's future, her desire intensifies as she seeks solace in sacrifices and is consumed by passion.

§4.1At regina gravi iamdudum saucia cura §4.2volnus alit venis, et caeco carpitur igni.
But the queen, long since wounded by heavy care, nourishes the wound in her veins, and is consumed by a hidden fire.
§4.3Multa viri virtus animo, multusque recursat §4.4gentis honos: haerent infixi pectore voltus §4.5verbaque, nec placidam membris dat cura quietem.
Much does the hero's virtue, and much does the glory of his race recur to her mind; his looks and words cling fixed in her breast, nor does care grant peaceful rest to her limbs.
§4.6Postera Phoebea lustrabat lampade terras, §4.7umentemque Aurora polo dimoverat umbram, §4.8cum sic unanimam adloquitur male sana sororem: §4.9Anna soror, quae me suspensam insomnia terrent!
The following Aurora was traversing the earth with Phoebus's lamp, and had removed the damp shadow from the sky, when, scarce sane, she thus addresses her like-minded sister: "Sister Anna, what dreams terrify me, keeping me in suspense!
§4.10Quis novus hic nostris successit sedibus hospes, §4.11quem sese ore ferens, quam forti pectore et armis!
Who is this new guest that has entered our dwellings, bearing himself so noble in mien, of how brave a breast and arms!
§4.12Credo equidem, nec vana fides, genus esse deorum.
Indeed I believe, nor is my faith groundless, that he is of the race of gods.
§4.13Degeneres animos timor arguit: heu, quibus ille
Fear proves degenerate souls: alas, by what fates he was tossed!
§4.14iactatus fatis! Quae bella exhausta canebat!
What exhausted wars he sang of!
§4.15Si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet, §4.16ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali, §4.17postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit; §4.18si non pertaesum thalami taedaeque fuisset, §4.19huic uni forsan potui succumbere culpae.
If it did not remain fixed and immovable in my mind, that I would not wish to associate myself with anyone in conjugal bond, after my first love deceived and failed me by death; if I had not become utterly weary of the bridal chamber and the torch, perhaps I might have been able to succumb to this one fault.
§4.20Anna, fatebor enim, miseri post fata Sychaei §4.21coniugis et sparsos fraterna caede Penatis, §4.22solus hic inflexit sensus, animumque labantem §4.23impulit: adgnosco veteris vestigia flammae.
Anna, for I will confess, after the fate of my wretched husband Sychaeus and the household gods were splattered by fraternal slaughter, this man alone has swayed my feelings, and impelled my wavering mind: I recognize the traces of the ancient flame.
§4.24Sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat, §4.25vel Pater omnipotens adigat me fulmine ad umbras, §4.26pallentis umbras Erebi noctemque profundam, §4.27ante, Pudor, quam te violo, aut tua iura resolvo.
But I would wish either that the deepest earth gape open for me first, or that the omnipotent Father drive me with his lightning to the shades, the pale shades of Erebus and deep night, before, O Shame, I violate you, or loosen your laws.
§4.28Ille meos, primus qui me sibi iunxit, amores §4.29abstulit; ille habeat secum servetque sepulchro. §4.30Sic effata sinum lacrimis implevit obortis.
He who first joined me to himself has taken away my love; let him keep it with himself and preserve it in his tomb." Thus having spoken, she filled her bosom with welling tears.
§4.31Anna refert: O luce magis dilecta sorori, §4.32solane perpetua maerens carpere iuventa, §4.33nec dulcis natos, Veneris nec praemia noris?
Anna replies: "O you who are dearer to your sister than light, will you alone be consumed in mourning throughout your youth, nor know sweet children, nor the rewards of Venus?
§4.34Id cinerem aut Manis credis curare sepultos?
Do you believe that ashes or the buried spirits of the dead care for that?
§4.35Esto: aegram nulli quondam flexere mariti, §4.36non Libyae, non ante Tyro; despectus Iarbas §4.37ductoresque alii, quos Africa terra triumphis §4.38dives alit: placitone etiam pugnabis amori?
Granted: of old no suitors could bend your grieving heart, neither in Libya, nor before in Tyre; Iarbas was despised, and other leaders whom the African land, rich in triumphs, nourishes; will you fight even against a love that pleases you?
§4.39Nec venit in mentem, quorum consederis arvis?
Does it not come to your mind in whose lands you have settled?
§4.40Hinc Gaetulae urbes, genus insuperabile bello, §4.41et Numidae infreni cingunt et inhospita Syrtis; §4.42hinc deserta siti regio, lateque furentes §4.43Barcaei.
On this side, the Gaetulian cities, a race unconquerable in war, and the unbridled Numidians hem us in, and the inhospitable Syrtis; on that side, a region deserted through drought, and the widely raging Barcaeans.
Quid bella Tyro surgentia dicam, §4.44germanique minas?
Why should I mention the wars rising from Tyre, and your brother's threats?
§4.45Dis equidem auspicibus reor et Iunone secunda §4.46hunc cursum Iliacas vento tenuisse carinas.
Indeed under the guidance of the gods and with favoring Juno, I believe that the Trojan ships held this course with the wind.
§4.47Quam tu urbem, soror, hanc cernes, quae surgere regna
What a city you will see here, sister, what kingdoms rise by such a marriage!
§4.48coniugio tali! Teucrum comitantibus armis §4.49Punica se quantis attollet gloria rebus!
With the weapons of the Trojans accompanying us, to what great heights will Punic glory raise itself!
§4.50Tu modo posce deos veniam, sacrisque litatis §4.51indulge hospitio, causasque innecte morandi, §4.52dum pelago desaevit hiemps et aquosus Orion, §4.53quassataeque rates, dum non tractabile caelum. §4.54His dictis incensum animum inflammavit amore, §4.55spemque dedit dubiae menti, solvitque pudorem.
Do you only ask favor of the gods, and, having performed sacrifices, indulge in hospitality, and weave reasons for delay, while winter and watery Orion rage on the deep, and the ships are shattered, and the weather is unfavorable." With these words she inflamed her already burning mind with love, and gave hope to her wavering mind, and dissolved her shame.
§4.56Principio delubra adeunt, pacemque per aras §4.57exquirunt; mactant lectas de more bidentis §4.58legiferae Cereri Phoeboque patrique Lyaeo, §4.59Iunoni ante omnis, cui vincla iugalia curae.
First they approach the shrines, and through the altars seek peace; they sacrifice chosen sheep according to custom to law-giving Ceres and Phoebus and father Lyaeus, to Juno above all, to whom conjugal bonds are a care.
§4.60Ipsa, tenens dextra pateram, pulcherrima Dido §4.61candentis vaccae media inter cornua fundit, §4.62aut ante ora deum pinguis spatiatur ad aras, §4.63instauratque diem donis, pecudumque reclusis §4.64pectoribus inhians spirantia consulit exta.
The most beautiful Dido herself, holding the bowl in her right hand, pours it between the horns of a white cow, or walks before the statues of the gods to the rich altars, and renews the day with gifts, and, looking intently into the opened breasts of the victims, consults the panting entrails.
§4.65Heu vatum ignarae mentes! quid vota furentem,
Alas, the ignorant minds of prophets!
§4.66quid delubra iuvant? Est mollis flamma medullas
What do vows, what do shrines profit one who is raging?
§4.67interea, et tacitum vivit sub pectore volnus.
Meanwhile the soft flame devours her marrow, and the silent wound lives beneath her breast.
§4.68Uritur infelix Dido, totaque vagatur §4.69urbe furens, qualis coniecta cerva sagitta, §4.70quam procul incautam nemora inter Cresia fixit §4.71pastor agens telis, liquitque volatile ferrum §4.72nescius; illa fuga silvas saltusque peragrat §4.73Dictaeos; haeret lateri letalis arundo.
Unhappy Dido burns, and wanders raging through the whole city, like a doe hit by an arrow, which, off her guard, a shepherd chasing with weapons has pierced from afar amid the Cretan groves, and left the winged iron in her, unknowing; she in her flight traverses the woods and lawns of Dicte; the lethal shaft clings to her side.
§4.74Nunc media Aenean secum per moenia ducit, §4.75Sidoniasque ostentat opes urbemque paratam; §4.76incipit effari, mediaque in voce resistit; §4.77nunc eadem labente die convivia quaerit, §4.78Iliacosque iterum demens audire labores §4.79exposcit, pendetque iterum narrantis ab ore.
Now she leads Aeneas with her through the midst of the walls, and displays the Sidonian wealth and the city prepared; she begins to speak, and stops in the middle of her voice; now, as the day declines, she seeks the same banquets, and, mad, demands to hear again the Trojan labors, and hangs again upon the lips of the narrator.
§4.80Post, ubi digressi, lumenque obscura vicissim
Afterward, when they had departed, and the dim moon in turn

Notes

  1. §4.2caeco... igni — This can be interpreted as "invisible/hidden fire" or "blind fire (blind passion)." In this translation, it is understood as "hidden fire" representing the passion kept concealed within her breast, invisible to others.
  2. §4.11quem sese ore ferens — The pronoun quem is used exclamatorily. sese ferens (literally "bearing himself"), accompanied by the ablative ore (countenance, mien), means "displaying himself in mien" or "how noble in mien he presents himself."
  3. §4.19potui — This sentence forms a contrary-to-fact conditional (with subjunctive sederet and fuisset in the protasis), but uses the indicative perfect potui in the apodosis. In Latin, verbs denoting ability or obligation (like possum) often use the indicative in the apodosis of contrary-to-fact conditionals to vividly express what was possible.
  4. §4.24optem prius ima dehiscat — optem is a present subjunctive expressing a softened wish ("I would wish"). It takes the dependent subjunctives dehiscat and adigat (line 25) directly without the conjunction ut.
  5. §4.34Id cinerem aut Manis credis curare sepultos — This is an accusative and infinitive construction dependent on credis. cinerem aut Manis... sepultos acts as the subject accusative, while the pronoun id (referring to the concerns of the living) is the direct object of the infinitive curare.

Cite this passage

Virgil, Aeneid §4.1-4.80. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003.humanitext-lat2:4.1-4.80

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.