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Cornelius Nepos · Pelopidas §3.1-3.3

Assassination of the Magistrates and the Liberation of Thebes

Passage 3 of 5 · Latin

Summary

The Theban magistrates ignored a warning letter out of sheer complacency and were assassinated by the exiles led by Pelopidas. This prompted the populace to rise up and liberate Thebes from Spartan control.

§3.1Hoc loco libet interponere, etsi seiunctum ab re proposita est, nimia fiducia quantae calamitati soleat esse.
At this point, even if it is separate from the subject proposed, I would like to introduce how great a disaster excessive confidence is wont to be.
nam magistratuum Thebanorum statim ad aures pervenit exules in urbem venisse.
For it came immediately to the ears of the Theban magistrates that the exiles had come into the city.
id illi vino epulisque dediti usque eo despexerunt, ut ne quaerere quidem de tanta re laborarint.
Devoted to wine and feasting, they disregarded this to such an extent that they did not even trouble to inquire into so great a matter.
§3.2accessit quod etiam magis aperiret eorum dementiam.
There was added something which revealed their madness even more.
allata est enim epistula Athenis ab Archia, uno ex iis qui sacris praeerant Eleusinius, Archiae, qui tum maximum magistratum Thebis obtinebat, in qua omnia de profectione eorum perscripta erant.
For a letter was brought from Athens from Archias, one of those who presided over the Eleusinian rites, to Archias, who at that time held the chief magistracy at Thebes, in which everything about their departure had been written in detail.
quae cum iam accubanti in convivio esset data, sicut erat signata, sub pulvinum subiciens 'in crastinum' inquit 'differo res serias. ' §3.3at illi omnes, cum iam nox processisset, vinolenti ab exulibus duce Pelopida sunt interfecti.
When this had been delivered to him as he was already reclining at the banquet, slipping it under his cushion just as it was sealed, he said, "I defer serious matters until tomorrow." But they all, when night had already advanced, were slain, while drunk, by the exiles under the leadership of Pelopidas.
quibus rebus confectis, vulgo ad arma libertatemque vocato, non solum qui in urbe erant, sed etiam undique ex agris concurrerunt, praesidium Lacedaemoniorum ex arce pepulerunt, patriam obsidione liberarunt, auctores Cadmeae occupandae partim occiderunt, partim in exilium eiecerunt.
When these things were accomplished and the common people were called to arms and liberty, not only those who were in the city but also people from all sides from the fields ran together, drove the Lacedaemonian garrison from the citadel, freed their fatherland from siege, and of the authors of the seizure of the Cadmea, they killed some and drove others into exile.

Notes

  1. §3.1quantae calamitati soleat esse — An indirect question depending on the infinitive interponere. It features a double dative construction with calamitati as the dative of purpose/result and nimia fiducia as the subject, where calamitati esse means "to be a source of disaster."
  2. §3.2accessit quod etiam magis aperiret — Introduces a subject clause for the impersonal verb accessit. The subjunctive aperiret in the relative clause of quod is a subjunctive of characteristic, meaning "there was added something of such a nature as to reveal..."
  3. §3.2ab Archia... Archiae — Two different individuals named Archias are contrasted here: the sender "ab Archia" (ablative of source/agent) from Athens, and the recipient "Archiae" (dative of indirect object) in Thebes, who was the chief magistrate.
  4. §3.3quibus rebus confectis, vulgo... vocato — Two consecutive and independent ablative absolute constructions (quibus rebus confectis and vulgo... vocato) are placed in apposition, providing the background actions that preceded the series of main verbs (concurrerunt, pepulerunt, liberarunt, etc.).

Cite this passage

Cornelius Nepos, Pelopidas §3.1-3.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0588.abo016.humanitext-lat2:3.1-3.3

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

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