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Cornelius Nepos · Dion §4.1-4.5

Exile of Dion and the Suffering of His Family

Passage 4 of 10 · Latin

Summary

Dionysius banishes Dion to protect himself, but upon hearing of Dion's war preparations, he marries Dion's wife to another and corrupts his son through extreme indulgence. Later, when the father returns and restricts this debauched lifestyle, the son, unable to bear the change, commits suicide by leaping from a high place.

§4.1Qui quidem cum a Dione se superari videret ingenio, auctoritate, amore populi, verens ne, si eum secum haberet, aliquam occasionem sui daret opprimendi, navem ei triremem dedit, qua Corinthum deveheretur, ostendens se id utriusque facere causa, ne, cum inter se timerent, alteruter alterum praeoccuparet.
When Dionysius saw that he was surpassed by Dion in ability, authority, and the love of the people, fearing that if he kept him with him, he might give him some opportunity of destroying him, he gave him a trireme to be carried to Corinth, pretending that he was doing this for the sake of both of them, lest, while they feared each other, one of them should forestall the other.
§4.2id cum factum multi indignarentur magnaeque esset invidiae tyranno, Dionysius omnia, quae moveri poterant Dionis, in naves imposuit ad eumque misit.
When many were indignant that this was done, and it became a source of great hatred for the tyrant, Dionysius put all of Dion's movable property onto ships and sent it to him.
sic enim existimari volebat, id se non odio hominis, sed suae salutis fecisse causa.
For he wished it to be thought that he had done this not out of hatred for the man, but for the sake of his own safety.
§4.3postea vero quam audivit eum in Peloponneso manum comparare sibique bellum facere conari, Areten, Dionis uxorem, alii nuptum dedit filiumque eius sic educari iussit, ut indulgendo turpissimis imbueretur cupiditatibus.
But after he heard that Dion was gathering a force in the Peloponnese and attempting to make war upon him, he gave Arete, Dion's wife, to another in marriage, and ordered his son to be brought up in such a way that by indulgence he might be imbued with the most shameful desires.
§4.4nam puero prius quam pubes esset scorta adducebantur, vino epulisque obruebatur, neque ullum tempus sobrio relinquebatur.
For before the boy was of age, prostitutes were brought to him, he was overwhelmed with wine and feasts, and no time was left for him to be sober.
§4.5is usque eo vitae statum commutatum ferre non potuit, postquam in patriam rediit pater (namque appositi erant custodes, qui eum a pristino victu deducerent), ut se de superiore parte aedium deiecerit atque ita interierit.
He could not bear the changed state of his life so far, after his father returned to his country (for guards had been appointed to draw him away from his former way of life), that he threw himself down from the upper part of the house and so died.
sed illuc revertor.
But I return to my subject.

Notes

  1. §4.1sui daret opprimendi — A gerundive construction in the genitive consisting of the genitive of the reflexive pronoun `sui` (referring to Dionysius himself) and the genitive gerundive `opprimendi`. It means 'of destroying himself' (literally, 'of himself to be oppressed').
  2. §4.2magnaeque esset invidiae tyranno — A 'double dative' construction, where `magnae invidiae` serves as the dative of purpose (or result) and `tyranno` serves as the dative of disadvantage. The subject is the preceding event (`id factum`).
  3. §4.5usque eo ... ut se de superiore parte aedium deiecerit — A consecutive clause introduced by `usque eo ... ut` ('to such a degree... that'). While the main clause is in a past tense (`non potuit`), the perfect subjunctive (`deiecerit`, `interierit`) is used in the result clause to emphasize the actual occurrence of the past event as a historical fact.

Cite this passage

Cornelius Nepos, Dion §4.1-4.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0588.abo010.humanitext-lat2:4.1-4.5

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