Humanitext Reader

Cicero · In Defense of Marcellus §30-34

Pledge to Caesar's Safety and Thanks for Marcellus

Passage 6 of 6 · Latin

Summary

Cicero reflects on the confusion of the civil war and Caesar's clemency, declares that Caesar's safety is indispensable for the state's restoration, pledges the Senate's absolute protection, and concludes with deepest gratitude for Marcellus's restoration.

§30id autem etiam si tum ad te, ut quidam falso putant, non pertinebit, nunc certe pertinet esse te talem ut tuas laudes obscuratura nulla umquam sit oblivio.
But even if that will not concern you then, as some falsely think, now it certainly matters that you are such a person that no forgetfulness will ever obscure your praises.
diversae voluntates civium fuerunt distractaeque sententiae.
¦10 The wills of the citizens were diverse, and their opinions distracted.
non enim consiliis solum et studiis sed armis etiam et castris dissidebamus.
For we disagreed not only in counsels and zeal, but also in arms and camps.
erat obscuritas quaedam, erat certamen inter clarissimos duces; multi dubitabant quid optimum esset, multi quid sibi expediret, multi quid deceret, non nulli etiam quid liceret.
There was a certain obscurity, there was a contest between most famous leaders; many doubted what was best, many what was expedient for themselves, many what was fitting, some even what was lawful.
§31perfuncta res publica est hoc misero fatalique bello: vicit is qui non fortuna inflammaret odium suum, sed bonitate leniret; neque omnis quibus iratus esset eosdem etiam exsilio aut morte dignos iudicaret.
The republic has gone through this wretched and fateful war: he won who would not inflame his hatred by his good fortune, but would soften it by his goodness; nor would he judge all those with whom he was angry to be also worthy of exile or death.
arma ab aliis posita, ab aliis erepta sunt.
Arms were laid down by some, snatched away from others.
ingratus est iniustusque civis qui armorum periculo liberatus animum tamen retinet armatum, ut etiam ille melior sit qui in acie cecidit, qui in causa animam profudit.
Ungrateful and unjust is the citizen who, freed from the danger of arms, nevertheless retains an armed mind, so that even he is better who fell in battle, who poured out his life for the cause.
quae enim pertinacia quibusdam, eadem aliis constantia videri potest.
For what to some can seem obstinacy, the same can seem constancy to others.
§32sed iam omnis fracta dissensio est armis, exstincta aequitate victoris: restat ut omnes unum velint qui habent aliquid non sapientiae modo sed etiam sanitatis.
But now all dissension has been broken by arms, extinguished by the fairness of the victor; it remains that all who have any amount not only of wisdom but also of sanity should wish for one and the same thing.
Nisi te, C. Caesar, salvo et in ista sententia qua cum antea tum hodie maxime usus es manente salvi esse non possumus.
Unless you, Gaius Caesar, are safe, and remain in that sentiment which you have employed both before and especially today, we cannot be safe.
qua re omnes te qui haec salva esse volumus et hortamur et obsecramus ut vitae, ut saluti tuae consulas, omnesque tibi, ut pro aliis etiam loquar quod de me ipso sentio, quoniam subesse aliquid putas quod cavendum sit, non modo excubias et custodias sed etiam laterum nostrorum oppositus et corporum pollicemur.
Therefore, all of us who wish these things to be safe both exhort and implore you to consult for your life, for your safety; and we all promise to you—so that I may speak on behalf of others also what I feel about myself—since you think there is some underlying danger to be guarded against, not only watches and guards, but also the opposition of our own sides and bodies.
§33sed ut, unde est orsa, in eodem terminetur oratio, maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar, maiores etiam habemus.
But that the speech may end in the same place from which it began, we all return you the greatest thanks, Gaius Caesar, and we feel even greater.
nam omnes idem sentiunt, quod ex omnium precibus et lacrimis sentire potuisti.
For all feel the same, which you were able to perceive from the prayers and tears of all.
sed quia non est omnibus stantibus necesse dicere, a me certe dici volunt, cui necesse est quodam modo, et quod fieri decet M. Marcello a te huic ordini populoque Romano et rei publicae reddito, fieri id intellego.
But because it is not necessary for all to speak standing up, they certainly wish these things to be said by me, for whom it is in some measure necessary; and since Marcus Marcellus has been restored by you to this order and to the Roman people and to the republic, I understand that that which is fitting to be done is being done.
nam laetari omnis non ut de unius solum sed ut de omnium salute sentio.
For I perceive that all are rejoicing, not as if concerning the safety of one man alone, but as if concerning the safety of all.
§34quod autem summae benevolentiae est, quae mea erga illum omnibus nota semper fuit, ut vix C. Marcello, optimo et amantissimo fratri, praeter eum quidem cederem nemini, cum id sollicitudine, cura, labore tam diu praestiterim quam diu est de illius salute dubitatum, certe hoc tempore magnis curis, molestiis, doloribus liberatus praestare debeo.
But as for what is of the highest goodwill—which of mine toward him was always known to all, so that I yielded to scarcely anyone except Gaius Marcellus, his excellent and most affectionate brother—since I demonstrated it by anxiety, care, and labor for so long as his safety was in doubt, I certainly ought to demonstrate it at this time, having been freed from great cares, troubles, and griefs.
itaque, C. Caesar, sic tibi gratias ago ut me omnibus rebus a te non conservato solum sed etiam ornato, tamen ad tua in me unum innumerabilia merita, quod fieri iam posse non arbitrabar, magnus hoc tuo facto cumulus accesserit.
Therefore, Gaius Caesar, I thank you in such a way that, although I have been not only preserved but even honored by you in all things, nevertheless by this deed of yours a great addition has been made to your innumerable services toward me alone, which I did not think could now be possible.

Notes

  1. 10esse te talem ut tuas laudes obscuratura nulla umquam sit oblivio — This accusative with infinitive clause functions as the subject of the preceding phrase `nunc certe pertinet` (now it certainly matters / is relevant). It forms a contrast with the preceding `id` (the judgment of posterity) which 'will not concern you then, but that you are such a person matters now.'
  2. 31qui non fortuna inflammaret odium suum, sed bonitate leniret — The imperfect subjunctives (`inflammaret`, `leniret`, `iudicaret`) in the relative clause introduced by `qui` express the characteristic of the antecedent `is`. This is a subjunctive of characteristic, defining the moral qualities of the victor, Caesar, rather than stating a mere historical fact.
  3. 32Nisi te, C. Caesar, salvo et in ista sententia... manente — An ablative absolute construction consisting of two coordinated phrases: `te salvo` and `[te] in ista sententia... manente`. It is introduced by `Nisi`, functioning as a conditional clause expressing a strong assumption: 'Unless you are safe and remain in that sentiment...'
  4. 34quod autem summae benevolentiae est, quae mea erga illum omnibus nota semper fuit, ut vix C. Marcello... cederem nemini — The structure of the sentence is highly complex and long. The main verb is `praestare debeo` at the end. The opening phrase `quod... est` (as for what is of the highest goodwill) functions as a sort of object or starting point for the main action, while the relative clause `quae...` describing this goodwill contains an embedded result clause `ut... cederem` indicating the degree of his goodwill.

Cite this passage

Cicero, In Defense of Marcellus §30-34. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi032.humanitext-lat2:30-34

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.