Gregory of Nazianzus · The Suffering Christ §1.90-1.173
Messengers Announce the Betrayal and Impending Arrest
Summary
Handmaids warn of an armed nightly crowd approaching, and a messenger arrives to inform Mary of her Son's impending death. Soon, a second messenger (a disciple) arrives, reporting the betrayal by a trusted disciple and describing the events of the Last Supper, the washing of the feet, the prayer in Gethsemane, and the divine voice from heaven.
§1.90αὗται δ’ ἔπεισάν μ’ ἡμέρας μίμνειν φάος.
And they persuaded me to wait for the light of day.
§1.91Δέσποινα, νῦν πύκαζε σὸν δέμας τάχει.
Mistress, now wrap your body in haste.
§1.92Ἄνδρες τρέχουσιν ἐμφανεῖς ἔξω πύλης.
Men are running visibly outside the gate.
§1.93Τί δ’ ἐστί;
What is it?
μῶν τι δυσμενῶν ἀγγέλλεται
Is there some...
§1.94λόχος κρυφαῖος ἑστάναι κατ’ εὐφρόνην;
secret ambush of the enemies reported to be stationed during the night?
§1.95Ἔννυχος ὄχλος ἐν θορύβῳ συρρέει, §1.96στρατὸν πολύν τε πᾶσαν ἀν’ ὄρφναν βλέπω §1.97λαμπτῆρας εἰσφέροντα καὶ πολλὰ ξίφη.
A nightly crowd is flowing together in tumult, and I see a great army throughout all the darkness bringing in torches and many swords.
And indeed, someone is now coming toward us in haste of foot, walking, perhaps having some new event to tell.
§1.100Ἴδω, τί λέξει καὶ τίν’ ἀγγελεῖ λόγον. — §1.101Πότνια, πότνα, σεμνοτάτη παρθένε· §1.102αἰ αἰ, αἰ αἰ·
Let me see what he will say and what report he will announce. — Revered, revered, most solemn virgin; Alas, alas, alas, alas!
§1.103Πολλὴ μὲν ἐν βροτοῖσι κοὐκ ἀνώνυμος §1.104ἁγνὴ κέκλησαι, τῆσδε γῆς ὅσοι πέδον §1.105ναίουσι, λαμπρὸν φῶς ὁρῶντες ἡλίου· §1.106τανῦν δὲ τάλαιν’ ἡ πάλαι μακαρία.
Great indeed among mortals and not nameless, holy one you are called, by as many as inhabit the plain of this land, beholding the bright light of the sun; but now, wretched is she who was of old blessed.
§1.107Τί δ’ ἐστίν;
What is it?
ἦ πω τὶς μ’ ἀποκτεῖναι θέλει;
Does someone wish to kill me?
§1.108Οὒκ, ἀλλὰ Παῖς θνήσκει σὸς ὑπ’ ἀλαστόρων.
No, but your Child is dying at the hands of avenging destroyers.
§1.109οἴμοι, τί λέξεις;
Alas, what will you say?
ὥς μ’ ἀπώλεσας, γύναι.
How you have destroyed me, woman!
§1.110Ὡς οὐκέτ’ ὄντος Υἱέος φρόντιζε δή.
Consider indeed that your Son is no longer alive.
O you who have spoken terrible things, will you not shut your mouth and cease to utter every unseemly word?
§1.113Τὸν ὄντ’ ἀεὶ γὰρ μηκέτ’ εἶναι πῶς λέγεις;
For how can you say that He who always exists is no longer?
Keep silent from ill omen, and if there is need for you to speak, speak as is fitting, and do not dishonor God.
§1.116Γονὰς γὰρ ἀπὸ χρυσέας ἔβλαστε μοι· §1.117καινὸν δὲ πίτνειν αἷμ’ ὑπ’ ἀνέρων Θεοῦ· §1.118θανεῖν τὸν ἀθάνατον οὐκ ἔχει λόγον.
For He sprang for me from a golden lineage; and it is unheard of for the blood of God to fall by the hands of men; for the immortal to die makes no sense.
§1.119Ἔτικτον αὐτὸν, οἶδα δ’, ὡς ἐγεινάμην.
I brought Him forth, and I know how I gave birth.
O wretched one, you do not know to what depth of evils you have come, and so you stir up and pry open these words.
When dawn appears, you will indeed see your Son's death, for the murderers are judging Him all through the night.
§1.124Καίτοι δέδορκ’ ἐνθάδε τῶν Παιδὸς τινὰ §1.125στείχονθ’ ὀπαδῶν, πνεῦμά τ’ ἠρεθισμένον, §1.126σπουδῇ πρὸς ἡμᾶς τόνδ’ ἰθύνοντα δρόμον· §1.127δείκνυσι δ’, ὥς τι καινὸν ἀγγείλῃ παρών.
And yet, I see here one of the Child's followers walking, his breath agitated, directing this course in haste toward us; and he shows that, once present, he will announce something new.
§1.128Τί δήποτ’ ἄρα σημᾶναι νέον θέλει;
What new thing, then, does he wish to signal?
§1.129Ἴδω, τί λέξαι πνευστιῶν οὗτος θέλει.
Let me see what this panting man wishes to say.
§1.130Ὀττοτοτοί·
Alas, alas!
§1.131Καλλίστα, πότνα, σεμνοτάτη Μαρία, §1.132αἲ αἲ αἲ αἲ §1.133ἀπωλόμεσθ’ οὐ δυσμενῶν τάχ’ ὑπό του.
Most beautiful, revered, most solemn Mary, alas, alas, alas, alas, we are ruined, perhaps not by any of our enemies.
§1.134Τίνα θροεῖς αὐδάν;
What voice do you utter?
τίνα βοᾷς λόγον;
What word do you cry out?
§1.135Ἄγ’ εἰπὲ, τίς φοβεῖ σε φήμ’ αὖθις νέα;
Come, tell me, what new rumor terrifies you again?
§1.136Ἔκλυες, ὤ·
Did you hear, oh?
ἄιες, ὤ·
Did you perceive, oh?
ἤκουσας, ὃς §1.137ὃς Παῖδα σὸν προὔδωκε τοῖς μιαιφόνοις;
Did you listen to the one who who betrayed your Child to the murderers?
§1.138Πρὸς τοῦ τόδ’ ἄλλο καινὸν ἀγγελεῖς κακόν;
By whom do you announce this other new evil?
§1.139Τίς ἐστι;
Who is it?
μῶν τις τῶν φιλεῖν ἠλπισμένων;
Surely not one of those expected to love Him?
A silver-taker, a perverse initiate, he says, a silver-keeper, or rather, a silver-devourer.
Alas, what another evil on top of evil this is, if we are undone by those who seem to love us.
§1.144Ἠ που τετόλμηκ’ ἔργον ἄτολμον τάλας;
Has the wretched man indeed dared a deed not to be dared?
§1.145Τί δ’ ἐγκαλῶν προὔδωκε παντευεργέτην;
Accusing Him of what, did he betray the universal benefactor?
§1.146ἢ τίς λαβὴ δράματος ἦν τῷ μαινόλῃ;
Or what handle for his action did that madman have?
§1.147Ἄκουε τοῦδ’, ὅς σοι τρανῶς πάντ’ ἀγγελεῖ.
Listen to him, who will report everything clearly to you.
Listen, wretched one, you who were formerly all-blessed, listen to the unfortunate words I bring to you.
§1.150Αἲ αἱ·
Alas, alas!
διοιχόμεσθα· δῆλος εἶ λόγῳ· §1.151κακῶν γὰρ ἥκεις, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἄγγελος.
We are undone; you are plain from your words; for you have come, it seems, as a messenger of evils.
§1.152κακῶν μὲν, ἀληθῶν δ’ ὅμως· τί γὰρ φράσω;
Of evils, indeed, yet of truths nonetheless; for what shall I say?
§1.153Ἐπεὶ τὸ πάσχα καινὸν, ὡς ἔφη, φάγοι, §1.154μύσταις ἄριστον παραθεὶς, δεῖπνον μέγα, §1.155δείξας δ’ ἐν αἰνιγμοῖσι τὸν λογοπράτην, §1.156ἔπειτα νίψας τῶν μαθητῶν τοὺς πόδας §1.157ἔξεισιν, ὡς εἴθιστ᾿, ἐλαιῶν εἰς ὄρος, §1.158εἰπών τε μύσταις πάνθ᾿, ἅπερ τανῦν πάθοι, §1.159καταρτίσας πάντας τε μυσταγωγίαις §1.160πολλοῖς ξὺν ἄλλοις καὶ τάδ’ εἶπε πρὸς Θεὸν· §1.161Πάτερ, μέγιστον νῦν πάρασχέ μοι κλέος· §1.162τὸ παρὰ σοὶ γὰρ μὴ λιπὼν ποτὲ κλέος §1.163εἰς μεῖζον ἥξω, δυσμενῆ κτανὼν βροτῶν· §1.164ἔθνη τε διδοῖς πάντ’ ἔχοντι πρὸς σέθεν· §1.165λαβὼν δὲ πάντας, χὠς ἀριστεῖον σφέων §1.166ὑπερκρεμασθεὶς, αὐγε σαῖν χεροῖν νέμω.
When He ate the new Passover, as He said, having set the best before the initiates, a great supper, and having pointed out the word-seller in riddles, then having washed the feet of the disciples, He went out, as was customary, to the Mount of Olives, and having told the initiates everything that He would now suffer, and having prepared them all with initiation teachings, along with many other things He also said this to God: 'Father, grant me now the greatest glory; for never having left the glory that is with You, I shall come to a greater, having destroyed the enemy of mortals; and You give all nations to me, who hold them from You; and having received them all, and as their prize of valor, being suspended above, I again dispense them into Your hands.
And being glorified by my valiant deeds, call friends to the feast.
Μακάριος εἶ, §1.169μακάριος τοιάδε διειργασμένος. “ §1.170Ὅδ᾿ αὗθις ἀφίησιν ὡς βροτῶν ὄπα §1.171δηλῶν κλεϊσμὸν αἰθεροδρόμῳ βοῇ· §1.172„Καὶ πρὶν κλείσας νῦν ελεΐσω σε πλέον. “ §1.173Ἐπεὶ δὲ μύσταις ταῦτ’ ἐνηχήθη ξένως,
You are blessed, blessed having accomplished such things.' This one again sends forth a voice like that of mortals, manifesting the glorification with an ether-running cry: 'As I glorified you before, now I will glorify you more.' And when these things sounded strangely to the initiates,
Notes
- 1.110Ἡς οὐκέτ’ ὄντος Υἱέος — Genitive absolute construction with the particle ὡς, expressing the speaker's subjective view or premise ("as if your Son were no longer alive").
- 1.117καινὸν δὲ πίτνειν αἷμ’ ὑπ’ ἀνέρων Θεοῦ — Accusative with infinitive construction where `πίτνειν` is the infinitive and the accusative `αἷμα Θεοῦ` (split by `ὑπ’ ἀνέρων`) is its subject. The adjective `καινόν` acts as an impersonal predicate meaning "it is a strange/unheard-of thing that...".
- 1.153φάγοι — The optative mood `φάγοι` in the temporal clause introduced by `ἐπεί`. This represents an oblique optative after a historical past context (or historical present in the main narrative), indicating indirect report or subjective framing of past events.
- 1.166αὐγε — The word `αὐγε` in the transmitted text is likely a corruption or crasis of the adverb `αὖ` ("again", "on the other hand") and the particle `γε` (`αὖ γε`), or a scribal error for `αὖ`.
Cite this passage
Gregory of Nazianzus, The Suffering Christ §1.90-1.173. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg2022.tlg003.humanitext-grc1:1.90-1.173
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