§3.13.
3.
Proclus Comm. in Eucl. p. 70,1 sqq. (ed.
Proclus Comm. in Eucl. p. 70,1 sqq. (ed.
Friedlein): Ἐπειδὴ δὲ πολλὰ φαντάζεται μὲν ὡς τῆς ἀληθείας ἀντεχόμενα καὶ ταῖς ἐπιστημονικαῖς ἀρχαῖς ἀκολουθοῦντα, φέρεται δὲ εἰς τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχῶν πλάνην καὶ τοὺς ἐπιπολαιοτέρους ἐξαπατᾷ, μεθόδους παραδέδωκεν καὶ τῆς τούτων διορατικῆς φρονήσεως, ἃς ἔχοντες γυμνάζειν μὲν δυνησόμεθα τοὺς ἀρχομένους τῆς θεωρίας ταύτης πρὸς τὴν εὕρεσιν τῶν παραλογισμῶν, ἀνεξαπάτητοι δὲ διαμένειν.
Friedlein): Since many things appear as if they hold to the truth and follow scientific principles, but are carried away into error from the principles and deceive the more superficial, he has handed down methods also for the discerning understanding of these, possessing which we shall be able to train beginners in this theory towards the discovery of paralogisms, and to remain undeceived.
καὶ τοῦτο δὴ τὸ σύγγραμμα, διʼ οὗ τὴν παρασκευὴν ἡμῖν ταύτην ἐντίθησι, Ψευδαρίων ἐπέγραψεν τρόπους τε αὐτῶν ποικίλους ἐν τάξει διαριθμησάμενος καὶ καθʼ ἕκαστον γυμνάσας ἡμῶν τὴν διάνοιαν παντοίοις θεωρήμασι καὶ τῷ ψεύδει τὸ ἀληθὲς παραθεὶς καὶ τῇ πείρᾳ τὸν ἔλεγχον τῆς ἀπάτης συναρμόσας.
And this very treatise, through which he instills in us this preparation, he entitled "Pseudaria", having enumerated in order their various modes, and in each case trained our intellect with all kinds of theorems, and having placed the truth alongside the falsehood, and fitted the refutation of the deceit to experience.
τοῦτο μὲν οὖν τὸ βιβλίον καθαρτικόν ἐστι καὶ γυμναστικόν.
This book, then, is purgative and gymnastic.
Cfr.
Cf.
Paeudo - Alexander siue Michael Ephesius in Aristot.
Pseudo-Alexander or Michael of Ephesus, In Aristot.
Soph.
Soph.
Elenchos p. 76, 20 (ed.
Elenchos p. 76, 20 (ed.
Wellies): Οὐ μόνον δὲ τοὺς μὴ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχῶν ὡρμημένους τῆς ἐπιστήμης, ὑφʼ ἥν ἐστι τὸ πρόβλημα, δοκοῦντας δὲ εἶναι, ψευδεῖς ἐλέγχους φησίν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἐκ τῶν οἰκείων μὲν τῆς ἐπιστήμης ἀρχῶν, κατά τι δὲ παραλογιζομένους, οἷά εἰσι τὰ τοῦ Εὐκλείδου ψευδογραφήματα.
Wallies): He says that false refutations are not only those that do not start from the principles of the science under which the problem falls, but appear to do so, but also those that start from the proper principles of the science, but reason falsely in some respect, such as the "Pseudographemata" of Euclid.
Scholia in Platonis Theaet. 191 b (p. 248 ed.
Scholia on Plato's Theaetetus 191 b (p. 248 ed.
Hermann): ἐπειδὰν ἡμᾶς ἐρωτᾷ περὶ τῶν ἔξω τῆς αἰσθήσεως, εἰ δυνατὸν συστῆναι ψευδοδοξίαν, οἷον ἐπὶ τῶν παρὰ τοῖς γεωμέτραις καλουμένων ψευδαρίων. 1) οὐ γὰρ διὰ μῖξιν αἰσθήσεως ψευδογραφοῦσιν. 2)
Hermann): Whenever he asks us about things outside sensation, whether it is possible for a false opinion to be established, as in the case of what are called "pseudaria" among geometers. 1) For they do not write false proofs because of a mixture of sensation. 2)