Humanitext Reader

Clement I · The Adjuration §1-5

James's Decree on the Oath for Entrusting Peter's Books

Passage 1 of 1 · Greek

Summary

Jacob summons the elders to establish a strict procedure of testing and oaths to prevent Peter's books of preachings from being leaked to unworthy persons, and the elders joyfully accept his decree.

§1Ἀναγνοὺς οὖν ὁ Ιάκωβος τὴν ἐπιστολὴν μετεκαλέσατο τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ αὐτοῖς ἀναγνοὺς ἔφη· ἀναγκαίως καὶ πρεπόντως περὶ τῆς ἀληθείας ἀσφαλίζεσθαι ὁ ἡμέτερος ὑπέμνησε Πέτρος, ὅπως τὰς τῶν αὐτοῦ κηρυγμάτων διαπεμφηθείσας ἡμῖν βίβλες μηδενὶ μεταδώσωμεν ὡς ἔτυχεν, ἢ ἀγαθῷ τινὶ καὶ εὐλαβεῖ, τῷ καὶ διδάσκειν αἱρεμένῳ ἐμπεριτόμῳ τε ὄντι πιστῷ.
Jacob, therefore, having read the letter, summoned the elders, and having read it to them, said: "Necessarily and fittingly our Peter reminded us to be secure concerning the truth, so that we should not share the books of his preachings sent to us with anyone at random, but only with someone who is good and pious, who also chooses to teach and is circumcised, faithful.
καὶ ταῦτα μὴ πάντα ὁμοῦ, ἵνα ἐὰν ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις ἀγνώμων φωραθῇ, τὰ δεύτερα μὴ πιστευθῇ.
And these not all at once, so that if in the first ones he is found to be unprincipled, the second ones may not be trusted to him.
διὸ μὴ ἔλαττον ἔτεσιν ἔξ δοκιμαζέσθῳ· καὶ εἴθ᾽ οὕτως, κατὰ τήν Μωϋσέως ἀγωγὴν, ἀγαγόντα αὐτὸν ἐπὶ ποταμὸν ἢ πηγὴν, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ζῶν ὕδωρ, ἔνθα ἡ δικαίων γίνεται ἀναγέννησις, μὴ ὁρκίσαι, ἐπεὶ μὴ ἔξεστιν, ἀλλὰ στῆναι αὐτῷ κελεῦσαι πρὸς τῷ ὕδατι καὶ ἐπιμαρτύρασθαι, ὡς καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀναγεννώμενοι κελευσθέντες ἐποιήσαμεν τοῦ μὴ ἁμαρτεῖν χάριν. §2Λεγέτω δέ· μάρτυρας ἔχομι οὐρανόν, γῆν, ὕδωρ, ἐν οιἷς τὰ πάντα περιέχεται, πρὸς τούτοις δὲ ἅπασιν καὶ τὸν διὰ πάντων διήκοντα ἀέρα, οὗ ἄνευ οὐκ ἀναπνέω, ὡς ἀεὶ ὑπήκοος ἔσομαι τῷ τὰς βίβλους μου τῶν κηρυγμάτων διδόντι, καὶ αὐτάς μου τάς βίβλους, ἃς ἄν μοι δῷ, οὐ μὴ μεταδῶ τινὶ κατ᾽ οὐδένα τρόπον, οὐ γράψας, οὐ γεγραμμένον δούς, οὐ γράφοντι ἀναδιδούς, οὐκ αὐτός, οὐ δὶ ἄλλου, οὐ δὲ ἄλλης τινὸς ἀγωγῆς ἢ δόλου ἢ μηχακνῆς, ἢ ἀμελῶς φυλάσσων ἥ τι προστιθεὶς ἢ νοθεύων ἢ ἄλλῳ οἱῳδήποτε τρόπῳ ἢ ἐπινοίᾳ ἑτέρῳ αὐτὰ μεταδιδούς.
Therefore, let him be tested for not less than six years; and only then, according to the custom of Moses, having led him to a river or spring, which is living water, where the regeneration of the righteous takes place, not to make him swear—since it is not lawful—but to command him to stand by the water and to testify solemnly, just as we ourselves, being commanded at our regeneration, did for the sake of not sinning." And let him say: "I take as witnesses heaven, earth, and water, in which all things are contained, and in addition to all these, also the air that permeates through all things, without which I do not breathe, that I will always be obedient to the one who gives me the books of the preachings, and these very books of mine, whichever he may give to me, I will by no means share with anyone in any manner, neither by writing them, nor by giving what has been written, nor by delivering them to one who writes, neither myself, nor through another, nor by any other method, deceit, or device, nor by guarding them carelessly, nor by adding or adulterating anything, nor by sharing them with another in any other manner or design whatsoever.
πλὴν ἂν δοκιμάσω τινὰ ἄξιον, ὡς αὐτὸς ἐκρίθην, ἢ καὶ πλεῖον δοκιμάσας, πλὴν οὐκ ἔλαττον ἔτεσιν ἕξ᾽· τότε εὐλαβεῖ καὶ ἀγαθῷ, διδάσκειν ἐπαναιρουμένῳ, ὡς παρέλαβον παραδώσω, καὶ ταῦτα ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ ἐπισκόπου γνώμῃ ποιησάμενος. §3Ἄλλως δὲ ἐδ᾽ ἄν τέκνον ἢ ἀδελφὸς ἢ φίλος ἢ ἄλλως πώς ποτε γένες μοι ἀνήκων, ἐάνπερ ἀνάξιος ἢ, τοῦδε μὴ μεταδοῦναι χάριν, ὡς οὐ προσῆκεν.
Except if I test someone to be worthy, as I myself was judged, or even after testing him more, yet not less than six years; then to a pious and good man, who takes upon himself to teach, as I received them I will hand them over, and doing this in accordance with the mind of the bishop." Otherwise, not even if he be a child or a brother or a friend, or in any other way related to me by birth, if indeed he be unworthy, will I share it, for the sake of not giving it to him, since it is not proper.
οὔτε ἐπιβουλὴν φοβηθήσομαι, οὐ δώροις κολακενθήσομαι·
I will neither fear plot, nor be flattered by gifts.
ἀλλ᾽ εἰ καὶ δόξειέν μοί ποτε τὰ διδόμενά μοι τῶν κηρυγμάτων βιβλία μὴ ἀληθῆ εἶναι, ἐδ᾽ οὕτως μεταδώσω, ἀλλ᾽ ἀποδώσω.
But even if it should ever seem to me that the books of preachings given to me are not true, not even so will I hand them down, but I will return them.
ἀποδημῶν δὲ σὺν ἐμοὶ αὐτὰ κομίσω, ἅπερ ἄν τύχω κεκτημένος.
And when journeying, I will carry with me those which I happen to possess.
εἰ δὲ μὴ βουληθῶ μετ᾽ ἐμαυτοῦ αὐτὰ περιφέρειν, ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκίας με εἰναι αὐτὰ ἐκ ἐάσω, ἀλλὰ τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ μου τῷ τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχοντι πίστιν καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν αὐτῶν ὁρμωμένῳ παρακαταθήσομαι.
But if I do not wish to carry them about with me, I will not let them remain in my house, but I will deposit them with my bishop, who has the same faith and proceeds from the same principles.
εἰ δὲ καὶ τύχοι με νοσῆσαι καὶ τόν θάνατον ὑποπτεῦσαι, ἐὰν ἄτεκνος ὦ, ὁμοίως ποιήσω.
And if it should happen that I fall ill and suspect death, if I am childless, I will do likewise.
ἀλλ᾽ εἰ καὶ τελευτῶ τέκνον ἔχων ἐκ ἄξιον ἢ μηδέπω δυνάμενον, ὁμοίως ποιήσω.
But even if I die having a child who is unworthy or not yet capable, I will do likewise.
τῷ γὰρ ἐπισκόπῳ μου παρακαταθήσομαι, ἵνα εἰ μὲν τύχοι ἐφ᾽ ἡλικίας γενόμενος ἄξιος εἶναι τῆς πίστεως, ὡς πατρῴαν παρακαταθήκην τῷ τέκνῳ ἀποδόσῃ, κατὰ τὸν τῆς διαμαρτυρίας λόγον.
For I will deposit them with my bishop, so that if the child, on coming of age, happens to be worthy of the faith, he may return it to the child as a paternal trust, according to the terms of the protestation.
§4Ὅτι δὲ οὕτως ποιήσω, πάλιν τὸ δεύτερον διαμαρτύρομαι ἐρανόν, γῆν, ὕδωρ, ἐν οἷς τὰ πάντα περιέχεται, πρὸς τούτοις ἅπασιν καὶ τὸν διὰ πάντων διήκοντα ἀέρα, οὗ ἄνευ οὐκ ἀναπνέω, ὡς ἀεὶ ὑπήκοος ἔσομαι τῷ τὰς βίβλους μου τῶν κηρυγμάτων διδόντι, καὶ φυλάξω κατὰ πάντα ὅσα διεμαρτυράμην, εἰ καί τι πλεῖον.
And that I will do so, again for the second time I call to witness heaven, earth, and water, in which all things are contained, and in addition to all these, also the air that permeates through all things, without which I do not breathe, that I will always be obedient to the one who gives me the books of the preachings, and I will keep all things according to what I have solemnly testified, and even if anything more.
φυλάσσοντι οὖν μοι τὰς συνθήκας μέρος ἔσται μετὰ τῶν ὁσίων, ποιήσαντι δὲ παρ᾽ ἅ συνεθέμην, ἐχθρὸν εἴη μοι τὸ πᾶν καὶ ὁ διὰ πάντων διήκων αἰθὴρ καὶ ὁ ὑπὲρ τά ὅλα Θεὸς, οὗ κρείττων, οὗ μείζων ἐδ᾽ εἶς.
To me, therefore, keeping the covenant, may there be a portion with the holy ones; but to me, acting contrary to what I have agreed, may the universe be hostile, and the ether that permeates through all things, and the God who is over all, than whom no one is better, than whom no one is greater.
ἀλλ᾽ εἰ καὶ εἰς ἑτέρου Θεοῦ ὑπόνοιαν γένωμαι, κᾀκεῖνον νῦν ὄμνυμι ὡς οὐκ ἄλλως ποιήσω, εἴτ᾽ ἐστὶν, εἰτ᾽ ἐκ ἔστν·
But even if I should come to the conception of another God, I now swear also by him that I will not do otherwise, whether he exists or whether he does not exist.
πρὸς τέτοις δὲ ἅπασιν εἰ ψεύσομαι, κατάθεμα ἔσομαι ζῶν καὶ θανὼν καὶ αἰωνίῳ κολασθήσομαι κολάσει. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο ἄρτου καὶ ἅλατος μετὰ τοῦ παραδιδόντος μεταλαβέτω.
And in addition to all these, if I lie, may I be accursed living and dead, and may I be punished with eternal punishment." And after this, let him partake of bread and salt with the one handing them over.
§5Ταῦτα τοῦ Ἰακώβου εἰπόντος ὠχρίασαν ἀγωνιάσαντες οἱ πρεσβύτεροι.
When Jacob said these things, the elders grew pale, being in great distress.
συνιδὼν οὖν ὁ Ἰάκωβος, ὅτι λίαν πεφόβηνται, ἔφη· ἀκούσατέ μου, ἀδελφοὶ καὶ σύνδουλοι.
Jacob, therefore, perceiving that they were exceedingly afraid, said: "Hear me, brethren and fellow-servants.
ἐὰν τὰς βίβλους πᾶσιν ὡς ἔτυχεν παρασχῶμεν, καὶ αὐταὶ ὑπὸ τολμηρῶν ἀνδρῶν τινῶν νοθευθῶσιν ἢ ταῖς ἑρμηνείαις διαστραφῶσιν, ὡς ἤδη τινὰς ἤκουσατε πεποιηκότας, ἔσται λοιπὸν καὶ τοῖς ὄντως τὴν ἀλήθειαν ζητοῦσιν ἀεὶ πλανᾶσθαι.
If we provide the books to all at random, and they are adulterated by some daring men or distorted by interpretations, as you have already heard that some have done, it will remain for those who truly seek the truth to be always in error.
διὰ ἄμεινον παρ᾽ ἡμῖν αὐτὰς εἶναι, καὶ μεταδιδόναι μετὰ πάσης τῆς προειρημένης ἀσφαλείας τοῖς θέλουσι ζῆν καὶ ἄλλους σώζειν.
Therefore, it is better that they be kept with us, and to share them with all the aforementioned security with those who wish to live and to save others.
εἰ δέ τις μετὰ τὸ οὕτως διαμαρτύρασθαι ἄλλως ποιήσει, εὐλόγως αἰωνἰᾳ ὑποπεσεῖται κολάσει.
But if anyone, after making such a solemn protestation, shall do otherwise, he will justly fall under eternal punishment.
τίνι γὰρ λόγῳ ἄλλων ἀπωλείας αἴτιος γένομενος αὐτὸς ἐκ ἀπολεῖται; τῶν οὖν πρεσβυτέρων ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ Ἰακώβου γνώμῃ ἡσθέντων καὶ εἰπόντων· εὐλόγηται ὁ σὲ ὡς πάντα προειδὼς καλῶς ἡμῖν καταστήσας ἐπίσκοπον. καὶ ταῦτα εἰπόντων αὐτῶν ἐγερθέντες προσηυξάμεθα τῷ τῶν ὅλων πατέρι καὶ Θεῷ· ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας.
For by what reason, having become the cause of the destruction of others, shall he not himself perish?" The elders, therefore, being pleased with the opinion of Jacob, said: "Blessed is He who, as one foreseeing all things, beautifully established you as bishop for us." And when they said these things, we arose and prayed to the Father and God of all; to whom be glory forever.
Ἀμήν.
Amen.

Notes

  1. §1μὴ ὁρκίσαι, ἐπεὶ μὴ ἔξεστιν, ἀλλὰ στῆναι αὐτῷ κελεῦσαι — Infinitives used with an imperative force (imperative infinitive). They function either as part of the indirect command introduced by `ἔφη` or as independent decrees. `μὴ ὁρκίσαι` (not to make him swear) and `κελεῦσαι` (to command) are in parallel.
  2. §2ἔχομι — A phonetic misspelling (iotacism) for the present optative active 1st person singular `ἔχοιμι`, used here in a solemn oath to express a wish or declaration ("may I have... as witnesses").
  3. §3τοῦδε μὴ μεταδοῦναι χάριν — A construction where the preposition `χάριν` is postposed to the genitive infinitive, expressing purpose or reason ("for the sake of not sharing", "by reason of not sharing"). `τοῦδε` is the genitive object of `μεταδοῦναι`.
  4. §3ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκίας με εἶναι αὐτὰ ἐκ ἐάσω — The word `ἐκ` is a phonetic misspelling of the negative particle `οὐκ` (not). `με` is either a substitute for the genitive pronoun `μου` (of me / my) or the subject of the infinitive `εἶναι`, meaning "I will not allow them to remain in my house."
  5. §4φυλάσσοντι οὖν μοι... μέρος ἔσται — The dative pronoun `μοὶ` with the present participle `φυλάσσοντι` functions as a dative of possession ("to me keeping... there shall be a portion"), combined with the future tense `ἔσται` to express a conditional promise.

Cite this passage

Clement I, The Adjuration §1-5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg1271.tlg004.humanitext-grc1:1-5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.