§55.
5.
Ὁ δὲ ὀπισθότονος τὰ μὲν ἄλλα πάσχει διὰ πλῆθος τὰ αὐτὰ, γίνεται δὲ ὁκόταν τοὺς ἐν τῷ αὐχένι τένοντας τοὺς ὄπισθεν νοσήσῃ· νοσέει δὲ ἢ ἀπὸ συνάγχης, ἢ ἀπὸ σταφυλῆς, ἢ τῶν ἀμφιβραγχίων ἐμπύων γινομένων·
Opisthotonos, in other respects, suffers for the most part the same things, but it occurs whenever the tendons at the back of the neck become diseased; and one becomes diseased either from quinsy, or from uvulitis, or from the tonsils becoming suppurated.
ἐνίοισι δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς πυρετῶν ἐπιγεγενημένων σπασμὸς ἐπιγίνεται· ἤδη δὲ καὶ ὑπὸ τρωμάτων.
In some, a spasm also supervenes from the head when fevers have come upon them, and now even from wounds.
Οὗτος ἕλκεται εἰς τοὔπισθεν, καὶ ὑπὸ τῆς ὀδύνης τὲ μετάφρενον πέπηγε καὶ τὰ στήθεα, [καὶ] οἰμώζει.
This patient is drawn backward, and from the pain, both the upper back and the chest are stiff, and he groans.
Οὗτος σπᾶται σφόδρα, ὥστε μόλις κατέχεται ὑπὸ τῶν παρεόντων, μὴ ἐκ τῆς κλίνης ἐκπίπτειν.
This one is convulsed violently, so that he is with difficulty held down by those present, lest he fall out of bed.
§66.
6.
Ὁ δὲ τέτανος ἧσσον θανατώδης τῶν πρόσθεν, Γίνεται δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν αὐτέων, καὶ σπᾶται πᾶν τὸ σῶμα ὁμοίως.
But tetanus is less fatal than the former. It occurs from the same causes, and the whole body is convulsed in the same way.
§77.
7.
Καῦσος δὲ τοῖσι προειρημένοισιν οὐχ ὁμοίως γίνεται· φύσει γὰρ ἅπας ὡς ἠνάγκασθαι πυρέξαι.
But ardent fever does not occur in the same way as the aforementioned; for by nature everyone is so constrained as to suffer fever.
Δίψα μὲν οὖν πολλὴ ἔχει τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ πυρετὸς σφοδρός.
Therefore, a great thirst possesses the man, and a violent fever.
Γλῶσσα δὲ ῥήγνυται τρηχυνομένη, καὶ ξηρὴ γίνεται, καὶ τὸ χρῶμα αὐτῆς τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ὠχρόν ἐστι, οἷόν περ εἴωθε, προϊόντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου μελαίνεται, καὶ ἢν μὲν ἐν ἀρχῇσι μελαίνοιτο, θάσσους αἱ κρίσιες εἰσὶν, ἢν δὲ ὕστερον, χρονιώτεραι.
The tongue is rough and cracked, and becomes dry, and its color at first is pale, as it is accustomed to be, but as time progresses it becomes black; and if indeed it becomes black in the beginning, the crises are faster, but if later, more chronic.
§88.
8.
Ἰσχιάδες δὲ ἀπὸ τῶνδε μάλιστα γίνονται τοῖσι πολλοϊσιν, ἢν εἱληθῇ ἐν ἡλίῳ πουλὺν χρόνον, καὶ τὰ ἰσχία διαθερμανθῇ, καὶ τὸ ὑγρὸν ἀναξηρανθῇ τὸ ἐνεὸν τοῖς ἄρθροισιν ὑπὸ τοῦ καύματος.
Sciatica most often occurs in many people from the following causes: if one is exposed to the sun for a long time, and the hips are thoroughly warmed, and the moisture present in the joints is dried up by the heat.
Ὡς δ’ ἀναξηραίνεται καὶ πήγνυται, τόδε μέγα τεκμήριον· ὁ γὰρ νοσέων ἐνστρέφεσθαι καὶ κινέειν τὰ ἄρθρα οὐ δύναται ὑπὸ τῆς ἀλγηδόνος τῶν ἄρθρων καὶ τοῦ ξυμπεπηγέναι τοὺς σπονδύλους.
As to how it is dried up and solidified, here is a great proof: for the patient cannot turn himself or move his joints because of the pain of the joints and the vertebrae being fused together.
Ἀλγέει δὲ μᾶλλον τὴν ὀσφῦν καὶ τοὺς σπονδύλους τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ πλαγίου τῶν ἰσχίων καὶ τὰ γούνατα· ἵσταται δὲ ἡ ὀδύνη πλεῖστον χρόνον ἐν τοῖσι βουβῶσιν, ἅμα καὶ ἐν τοῖσιν ἰσχίοισιν, ὀξείη καὶ καυματώδης· καὶ ἤν τις αὐτὸν ἀνιστῇ ἢ μετακινέῃ, οἰμώζει ὑπὸ τῆς ἀλγηδόνος, ὅσον ἂν μέγιστον δύνηται· ἐνίοτε δὲ καὶ σπασμὸς ἐπιγίνεται καὶ ῥῖγος καὶ πυρετός.
He suffers pain more in the loin, the vertebrae at the side of the hips, and the knees; and the pain remains for the longest time in the groins, and at the same time in the hips, sharp and burning; and if anyone raises or moves him, he groans because of the pain, as loudly as he can; and sometimes spasm, shivering, and fever also supervene.
Γίνεται δὲ ἀπὸ χολῆς· γίνεται δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ αἵματος· καὶ ὀδύναι παραπλήσιοι ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν νουσημάτων, καὶ ῥῖγος καὶ πυρετὸς ἐνίοτε ἐπιλαμβάνει βληχρός· ἀλλὰ χρὴ ὧδε μελετῇν.
It arises from bile; and it also arises from blood; and the pains from all these diseases are similar, and sometimes a slight shivering and fever seize him; but one must study them in this way.
§99.
9.
Ἴκτερος δέ ἐστιν ὀξὺς καὶ ταχέως ἀποκτείνων· ἡ χροιὴ δὲ ὅλη σιδιοειδὴς σφόδρα ἐστὶν ἢ χλωροτέρη, καθὰ καὶ οἱ σαῦροι οἱ χλωρότεροι· παρόμοιος δέ οἱ ὁ χρὼς, καὶ ἐν τῷ οὔρῳ ὑφίσταται οἷον ὀρόβιον πυῤῥὸν, καὶ πυρετὸς καὶ φρίκη βληχρὴ ἔχει· ἐνίοτε δὲ καὶ τὸ ἱμάτιον οὐκ ἀνέχεται ἔχων, ἀλλὰ δάκνεται καὶ ξύεται, τὰ ἑωθινὰ ἄσιτος ἐὼν, τὰ ἔνδοθεν· ἔπειτα μύζει τὰ σπλάγχνα ὡς ἐπιτοπολύ.
There is an acute jaundice which kills quickly; and the whole complexion is exceedingly pomegranate-like, or greener, just as the greener lizards are; and his skin is similar to them, and in the urine there is a sediment like reddish vetch, and fever and a slight shivering possess him; and sometimes he cannot even bear to have his cloak on, but his internal parts feel bitten and scratched when he is fasting in the morning; then his viscera generally ache.
Καὶ ὁκόταν ἀνιστῇ τις αὐτὸν ἢ προσδιαλέγηται, οὐκ ἀνέχιται.
And whenever anyone raises him or talks to him, he cannot bear it.
Οὗτος ὡς ἐπιτοπολύ θνήσκει ἐντὸς τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα ἡμερέων· ταύτας δὲ διαφυγὼν ὑγιαίνει.
This patient generally dies within fourteen days; but if he escapes these, he recovers.
§1010.
10.
Ἡ δὲ περιπλευμονίη τοιάδε ποιέει· πυρετός τε ἰσχυρὸς ἴσχει, καὶ πνεῦμα πυκνὸν, καὶ θερμὸν ἀναπνέει· καὶ ἀπορίη καὶ ἀδυναμίη ἔχει, καὶ ῥιπτασμὸς, καὶ ὀδύναι περὶ τὴν ὠμοπλάτην καὶ τὴν κληβδα καὶ τὸν τιτθὸν, καὶ βάρος ἐν τοῖσι στήθεσι, καὶ παραφροσύναι.
Pneumonia produces the following effects: a strong fever possesses him, and his breath is rapid, and he breathes out hot air; and distress and weakness possess him, and tossing, and pains around the shoulder blade, the clavicle, and the breast, and a weight in the chest, and delirium.
Ἔστι δ’ ὅτε καὶ ἀνώδυνός ἐστιν, ἕως ἂν ἄρξηται βήσσειν, πολυχρονιωτέρη δὲ ἐκείνης καὶ χαλεπωτέρη.
And there are times when he is also free from pain until he begins to cough, but it is more chronic than the former and more difficult.
Τὸ δὲ σίαλον λευκὸν καὶ ἀφρῶδες πτύει τὸ πρῶτον.
At first he spits out white and frothy saliva.
Ἡ δὲ γλῶσσα ξανθὴ, προϊόντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου μελαίνεται· ἢν μὲν οὖν ἐν ἀρχῇ μελαίνοιτο, θάσσους αἱ ἀπαλλαγαί· ἢν δὲ ὕστερον, σχολαίτεραι· τελευτῶσι δὲ καὶ ῥήγνυται ἡ γλῶσσα· κἢν προσθῇς τὸν δάκτυλον, ἔχεται· τὴν δὲ ἀπαλλαγὴν τῆς νούσου σημαίνει ἡ γλῶσσα, ἅπερ καὶ ἐν τῇ πλευρίτιδι ὁμοίως.
The tongue is yellow, but as time progresses it becomes black; if indeed it becomes black in the beginning, the recoveries are faster; but if later, slower; and at the end the tongue also cracks; and if you apply your finger, it sticks; and the tongue indicates recovery from the disease, just as it does in pleurisy.
Ταῦτα δὲ πάσχει ἡμέρας τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα τὸ ἐλάχιστον, τὸ πλεῖστον δὲ εἴκοσι καὶ μίαν, καὶ βήσσει τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον σφόδρα, καὶ καθαίρεται ἅμα τῇ βηχὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον πουλὺ καὶ ἀφρῶδες σίαλον, ἑβδόμῃ δὲ καὶ ὀγδόῃ, ὅταν ὁ πυρετὸς ἀκμάζῃ καὶ ὑγρὰ ᾖ ἡ περιπλευμονίη, παχύτερον· ἢν δὲ μὴ, οὔ· ἐνάτῃ δὲ καὶ δεκάτῃ ὑπόχλωρον καὶ ὕφαιμον· δωδεκάτῃ δὲ μέχρι τῆς τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτης πουλὺ καὶ πυῶδες.
He suffers these things for fourteen days at least, and twenty-one at most, and during this time he coughs violently, and along with the cough, he at first clears out much frothy saliva; on the seventh and eighth days, when the fever is at its height and the pneumonia is wet, he clears out thicker saliva; but if not, he does not; on the ninth and tenth, somewhat greenish and blood-stained; from the twelfth to the fourteenth, much purulent saliva.
Ὧν ὑγραί εἰσιν αἱ φύσεις καὶ διαθέσεις τοῦ σώματος, καὶ ἡ νοῦσος ἰσχυρή· ὧν δὲ ἥ τε φύσις καὶ ἡ στάσις τῆς νόσου ξηρὴ, ἧσσον οὗτοι.
In those whose natures and bodily constitutions are wet, the disease is also severe; but in those whose nature and the state of the disease are dry, these suffer less.
§1111.
11.
Περὶ δὲ κρισίμων ἡμερέων ἤδη μέν μοι καὶ πρόσθεν λέλεκται· κρίνονται δὲ οἱ πυρετοὶ τεταρταῖοι, ἑβδομαῖοι, ἑνδεκαταῖοι, τεσσαρεσκαιδεκαταῖοι, ἑπτακαιδεκαταῖοι, εἰκοστῇ πρὸς τῇ μίᾳ· ἐκ δὲ τούτων τῶν ὀξέων τριακοσταῖοι, εἶτα τεσσαρακοσταῖοι, εἶτα ἑξηκοσταῖοι· ὅταν δὲ τούτους τοὺς ἀριθμοὺς ὑπερβάλλῃ, χρονίη ἤδη γίνεται ἡ κατάστασις τῶν πυρετῶν.
Concerning critical days, indeed, it has already been spoken of by me before; fevers are decided on the fourth, seventh, eleventh, fourteenth, seventeenth, and twenty-first days; and after these, of the acute ones, on the thirtieth, then the fortieth, then the sixtieth; but whenever it exceeds these numbers, the constitution of the fevers now becomes chronic.