§77.
7.
Τοὺς γυμναζομένους χρὴ τοῦ χειμῶνος καὶ τρέχειν καὶ παλαίειν, τοῦ δὲ θέρεος παλαίειν μὲν ὀλίγα, τρέχειν δὲ μὴ, περιπατέειν δὲ πολλὰ κατὰ ψῦχος.
Those who practice exercises should both run and wrestle in the winter, but in the summer they should wrestle little, not run at all, and walk about a great deal during the cool of the day.
Ὁκόσοι κοπιῶσιν ἐκ τῶν δρόμων, τούτους παλαίειν χρή· ὁκόσοι δὲ παλαίοντες κοπιῶσι, τούτους χρὴ τρέχειν· οὕτω γὰρ ἂν ταλαιπωρέων τῷ κοπιῶντι τοῦ σώματος διαθερμαίνοιτο καὶ ξυνιστῷτο καὶ διαναπαύοιτο μάλιστα.
Those who are fatigued from running should wrestle; those who are fatigued from wrestling should run; for by doing hard exercises in this way, the fatigued part of the body would be warmed, toned, and rest the most.
Ὁκόσους γυμναζομένους διάῤῥοιαι λαμβάνουσι, καὶ τὰ ὑποχωρήματα σιτώδεα καὶ ἄπεπτα, τουτέοισι τῶν τε γυμνασίων ἀφαιρέειν μὴ ἐλάσσω τοῦ τρίτου μέρεος, καὶ τῶν σιτίων τοῖσιν ἡμίσεσι χρέεσθαι· δῆλον γὰρ δὴ ὅτι ἡ κοιλίη ξυνθάλπειν οὐ δύναται ὥστε πέσσεσθαι τὸ πλῆθος τῶν σιτίων· ἔστω δὲ τουτέοισι τὰ σιτία ἄρτος ὡς ἐξοπτότατος, ἐν οἴνῳ ἐντεθρυμμένος, καὶ τὰ ποτὰ ὡς ἐλάχιστα καὶ ἀκρητέστατα, καὶ περιπάτοισι μὴ χρεέσθωσαν ἀπὸ τοῦ σιτίου· μονοσιτέειν δὲ χρὴ ὑπὸ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον· οὕτω γὰρ ἂν μάλιστα ξυνθάλποιτο ἡ κοιλίη, καὶ τῶν ἐσιόντων ἐπικρατοίη.
For those who are seized with diarrhea while exercising, and whose stools are like grain and undigested, they should reduce their exercises by no less than a third, and use only half of their food; for it is indeed clear that the belly cannot warm it enough to digest a large quantity of food; let their food be bread baked as thoroughly as possible, crumbled in wine, and let their drinks be as small and as undiluted as possible, and let them not walk about after meals; they should also eat only once a day during this time; for in this way the belly would be warmed the most and overcome what enters it.
Γίνεται δὲ ὁ τρόπος οὗτος τῆς διαῤῥοίης τῶν σωμάτων τοῖσι πυκνοσάρκοισι μάλιστα, ὁκόταν ἀναγκάζηται ὥνθρωπος κρεηφαγέειν, τῆς φύσιος ὑπαρχούσης τοιαύτης· αἱ γὰρ φλέβες πυκνωθεῖσαι οὐκ ἀντιλαμβάνονται τῶν σιτίων τῶν ἐσιόντων· ἔστι δὲ αὕτη μὲν ὀξέη ἡ φύσις, καὶ τρέπεται ἐφ’ ἑκάτερα, καὶ ἀκμάζει ὀλίγον χρόνον ἡ εὐεξίη ἐν τοῖσι τοιουτοτρόποισι τῶν σωμάτων.
This type of diarrhea occurs most of all to those of compact flesh, when a person is forced to eat meat, their natural constitution being of such a kind; for the vessels, being condensed, do not receive the food that enters; this constitution is acute and turns to either extreme, and the good condition of the body in such types lasts for only a short time.
Τὰ δὲ ἀραιότερα τῶν εἰδέων καὶ δασύτερα καὶ τὴν κρεηφαγίην δέχεται, καὶ τὰς ταλαιπωρίας μᾶλλον ὑπομένει, καὶ χρονιώτεραι γίνονται αὐτέοισιν αἱ εὐεξίαι.
But those of looser and hairier builds both receive meat-eating and endure hard exercises better, and their good conditions last longer.
Καὶ ὁκόσοι τὰ σιτία ἀνερεύγονται τῇ ὑστεραίῃ, καὶ τὰ ὑποχόνδρια μετεωρίζεται αὐτέοισιν ὡς ἀπέπτων τῶν σιτίων ἐόντων, τουτέοισι καθεύδειν μὲν πλείονα χρόνον ξυμφέρει, τῇ δὲ ἄλλῃ ταλαιπωρίῃ ἀναγκάζειν χρὴ αὐτῶν τὰ σώματα, καὶ τὸν οἶνον ἀκρητεστέρον πινόντων καὶ πλείω, καὶ τοῖσι σιτίοισιν ἐλάσσοσι χρέεσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον· δῆλον γὰρ δὴ ὅτι ἡ κοιλίη ὑπὸ ἀσθενείης καὶ ψυχρότητος οὐ δύναται τὸ πλῆθος τῶν σιτίων καταπέσσειν.
And those who repeat their food by belching the next day, and whose hypochondria are bloated as if the food were undigested, for them it is beneficial to sleep a longer time, but they should force their bodies to other hard exercises, and drink wine more undiluted and in greater quantity, and use less food during this time; for it is indeed clear that the belly, through weakness and coldness, cannot digest a large quantity of food.
Ὁκόσους δὲ δίψαι λαμβάνουσι, τουτέοισι τῶν τε σιτίων καὶ τῶν ταλαιπωριέων ἀφαιρέειν, καὶ τὸν οἶνον πινόντων ὑδαρέα τε καὶ ὅτι ψυχρότατον.
For those who are seized with thirst, they should reduce both their food and their hard exercises, and drink their wine diluted and as cold as possible.
Ὁκόσοισι δὲ ὀδύναι γίνονται τῶν σπλάγχνων ἢ ἐκ γυμνασίης ἢ ἐξ ἄλλης τινὸς ταλαιπωρίης, τουτέοισι ξυμφέρει ἀναπαύεσθαι ἀσίτοισι, πόματι δὲ χρέεσθαι ὅ τι ἐλάχιστον ἐς τὸ σῶμα ἐσελθὸν πλεῖστον οὖρον διάξει, ὅπως αἱ φλέβες αἱ διὰ τῶν σπλάγχνων πεφυκυῖαι μὴ κατατείνωνται πληρεύμεναι· ἐκ γὰρ τῶν τοιουτέων τά τε φύματα γίνονται καὶ οἱ πυρετοί.
For those who develop pains in their viscera either from exercise or from some other hard labor, it is beneficial for them to rest without food, and to use as little drink as possible, which, after entering the body, will discharge the most urine, so that the vessels passing through the viscera may not be strained by being filled; for from such conditions arise both tumors and fevers.
§88.
8.
Ὁκόσοισι δὲ νοῦσοι ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου γίνονται, νάρκη πρῶτον ἴσχει τὴν κεφαλὴν, καὶ οὐρέει θαμινὰ, καὶ τἄλλα πάσχει ὁκόσα ἐπὶ στραγγουρίῃ·
For those in whom diseases arise from the brain, numbness first seizes the head, and they urinate frequently, and suffer all the other things that occur in strangury.
οὗτος ἐφ’ ἡμέρας ἐννέα τοῦτο πάσχει· καὶ ἢν μὲν ῥαγῇ κατὰ τὰς ῥῖνας ἢ κατὰ τὰ ὦτα ὕδωρ ἢ βλέννα, ἀπαλλάσσεται τῆς νούσου, καὶ τῆς στραγγουρίης παύεται· οὐρέει δὲ ἀπόνως πουλὺ καὶ λευκὸν, ἔστ’ ἂν εἴκοσιν ἡμέρας παρέλθῃ· καὶ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἡ ὀδύνη ἐκλείπει τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ, ἐσορέοντι δὲ βλάπτεταί οἱ ἡ αὐγή.
Such a person suffers this for nine days; and if water or mucus breaks out through the nose or ears, he is rid of the disease and is freed from the strangury; and he urinates much and white urine without pain, until twenty days have passed; and the pain in the head leaves the person, but in looking, his vision of the light is impaired.
§99.
9.
Ἄνδρα δὲ χρὴ, ὅς ἐστι συνετὸς, λογισάμενον ὅτι τοῖσιν ἀνθρώποισι πλείστου ἄξιόν ἐστιν ἡ ὑγιείη, ἐπίστασθαι ἐκ τῆς ἑωυτοῦ γνώμης ἐν τῇσι νούσοισιν ὠφελέεσθαι.
A man who is sensible, reflecting that health is of the greatest value to human beings, should know how to benefit himself in illnesses by his own judgment.