§33.
3.
Πρῶτον μὲν οὖν ἀνάγκη τὴν γένεσιν γίνεσθαι μὴ ἀφ’ ἑνός· πῶς γὰρ ἂν ἕν γ’ ἐόν τι γεννήσειεν, εἰ μή τινι μιχθείη;
First, then, it is necessary that generation does not come from one thing; for how could anything, being one, generate, unless it were mixed with something?
ἔπειτα οὐδ’, ἐὰν μὴ ὁμόφυλα ἐόντα μίσγηται καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχοντα δύναμιν, γεννᾷ, οὐδ’ ἂν ταῦτα ἡμῖν ξυντελέοιτο.
Furthermore, even if they are mixed, if they are not of the same kind and do not possess the same power, they do not generate, nor would these things be accomplished for us.
Καὶ πάλιν, εἰ μὴ τὸ θερμὸν τῷ ψυχρῷ καὶ τὸ ξηρὸν τῷ ὑγρῷ μετρίως πρὸς ἄλληλα ἕξει καὶ ἴσως, ἀλλὰ θάτερον θατέρου πουλὺ προέξει καὶ τὸ ἰσχυρότερον τοῦ ἀσθενεστέρου, ἡ γένεσις οὐκ ἂν γένοιτο.
And again, if the hot does not stand in a moderate and equal relation to the cold, and the dry to the wet, but one far exceeds the other, and the stronger exceeds the weaker, generation would not occur.
Ὥστε πῶς εἰκὸς ἀπὸ ἑνός τι γεννηθῆναι, ὅτε γε οὐδ’ ἀπὸ τῶν πλειόνων γεννᾶται, ἢν μὴ τύχῃ καλῶς ἔχοντα τῆς κρήσιος τῆς πρὸς ἄλληλα;
Therefore, how is it likely that anything should be generated from one thing, when indeed it is not generated even from many things, unless they happen to be in a good state of mixture with one another?
Ἀνάγκη τοίνυν, τῆς φύσιος τοιαύτης ὑπαρχούσης καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων καὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, μὴ ἓν εἶναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ἀλλ’ ἕκαστον τῶν ξυμβαλλομένων ἐς τὴν γένεσιν ἔχειν τὴν δύναμιν ἐν τῷ σώματι, οἵην περ ξυνεβάλετο.
It is necessary then, since such is the nature both of all other things and of man, that man is not one, but each of the components contributing to generation has such power in the body as it contributed.
Καὶ πάλιν γε ἀνάγκη ἀποχωρέειν ἐς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ φύσιν ἕκαστον, τελευτῶντος τοῦ σώματος τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, τό τε ὑγρὸν πρὸς τὸ ὑγρὸν καὶ τὸ ξηρὸν πρὸς τὸ ξηρὸν καὶ τὸ θερμὸν πρὸς τὸ θερμὸν καὶ τὸ ψυχρὸν πρὸς τὸ ψυχρόν.
And again, it is necessary that each departs to its own nature when the body of man dies, the wet to the wet, the dry to the dry, the hot to the hot, and the cold to the cold.
Τοιαύτη δὲ καὶ τῶν ζώων ἐστὶν ἡ φύσις, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων· γίνεταί τε ὁμοίως πάντα καὶ τελευτᾷ ὁμοίως πάντα· ξυνίσταταί τε γὰρ αὐτέων ἡ φύσις ἀπὸ τουτέων τῶν προειρημένων πάντων, καὶ τελευτᾷ κατὰ τὰ εἰρημένα ἐς τωὐτὸ ὅθεν περ ξυνέστη ἕκαστον, ἐνταῦθα οὖν καὶ ἀπεχώρησεν.
Such is also the nature of animals, and of all other things; all things are generated in the same way and die in the same way; for their nature is composed of all these aforementioned things, and dies, according to what has been said, into the same place from which each was composed, and there indeed it departs.
§44.
4.
Τὸ δὲ σῶμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἔχει ἐν ἑωυτῷ αἷμα καὶ φλέγμα καὶ χολὴν ξανθήν τε καὶ μέλαιναν, καὶ ταῦτ’ ἐστὶν αὐτέῳ ἡ φύσις τοῦ σώματος, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα ἀλγέει καὶ ὑγιαίνει.
Now the body of man has in itself blood, phlegm, and yellow and black bile, and these make up for him the nature of his body, and through these he feels pain and enjoys health.
Ὑγιαίνει μὲν οὖν μάλιστα, ὁκόταν μετρίως ἔχῃ ταῦτα τῆς πρὸς ἄλληλα κρήσιος καὶ δυνάμιος καὶ τοῦ πλήθεος, καὶ μάλιστα μεμιγμένα ᾖ· ἀλγέει δὲ ὁκόταν τι τουτέων ἔλασσον ἢ πλέον ᾖ ἢ χωρισθῇ ἐν τῷ σώματι καὶ μὴ κεκρημένον ᾖ τοῖσι ξύμπασιν.
He is healthiest, then, when these stand in a moderate relation to one another in mixture, power, and quantity, and are most thoroughly mixed; but he feels pain when any of these is deficient or in excess, or is isolated in the body and not mixed with all the others.
Ἀνάγκη γὰρ, ὁκόταν τι τουτέων χωρισθῇ καὶ ἐφ’ ἑωυτοῦ στῇ, οὐ μόνον τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον, ἔνθεν ἐξέστη, ἐπίνοσον γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔνθα ἂν ἐπιχυθῇ, ὑπερπιμπλάμενον ὀδύνην τε καὶ πόνον παρέχειν.
For it is necessary, when any of these is isolated and stands by itself, that not only this place from which it departed becomes diseased, but also where it flows, being overfilled, it causes pain and distress.
Καὶ γὰρ ὅταν τι τουτέων ἔξω τοῦ σώματος ἐκρυῇ πλέον τοῦ ἐπιπολάζοντος, ὀδύνην παρέχει ἡ κένωσις.
Indeed, when any of these flows out of the body in excess of what is superficial, the evacuation causes pain.
Ἤν τ’ αὖ πάλιν ποιήσηται ἔσω τὴν κένωσιν καὶ τὴν μετάστασιν καὶ τὴν ἀπόκρισιν ἀπὸ τῶν ἄλλων, πολλὴ αὐτέῳ ἀνάγκη διπλῆν τὴν ὀδύνην παρέχειν κατὰ τὰ εἰρημένα, ἔνθεν τε ἐξέστη καὶ ἔνθα ὑπερέβαλεν.
If, on the other hand, it makes the evacuation, migration, and separation from the others internally, it is of great necessity that it causes double pain according to what has been said, both where it departed and where it overflowed.